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In the section on Credibility, I added a paragraph on how difficult the process of proving bad experiences might be for LGBT asylum-seekers. |
In the Background section, I added 5 paragraphs on other factors behind LGBT migration rather than criminalization: marginalization, bad treatment, and malfunctioning of anti-discriminatory laws. Plus, I added some general information on the 1951 convention and other possible means of migration. |
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This criminalization of LGBT individuals has led to an increase in recent decades of the number of LGBT individuals who seek refuge in other countries, who are left with no other choice but to leave their home country.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=LGBTIQ+ persons |url=https://www.unhcr.org/lgbtiq-persons.html |access-date=2022-11-05 |website=UNHCR |language=en}}</ref>
The criminalization of LBGT individuals is not the only factor behind their migration. In many countries in the world, homosexuals or transgenders are treated badly by other citizens, relatives, and/or authorities.<ref name=":03">{{Cite web |last=thisisloyal.com |first=Loyal {{!}} |title=LGBTQI+ Refugees and Asylum Seekers |url=https://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/publications/lgbtqi-refugees-asylum-seekers/ |access-date=2024-02-29 |website=Williams Institute |language=en-US}}</ref>
With LBGT people being marginalized in their home countries because of their sexual orientation or identity, they attempt migrate to more accepting countries where chances of a safer and more financially successful life are higher.<ref name=":13">Wood, S. (2016) "Migration, Mobility, and Marginalisation: Consequences for Sexual and Gender Minorities", IDS Policy Briefing 118, Brighton: IDS</ref>
Although there are anti-discriminatory laws and policies in many countries of the world, LGBT people still face social, economic, and legal challenges as well as stigmatization. As a result, they choose to migrate to more LGBT-friedly areas.<ref name=":14">Wood, S. (2016) "Migration, Mobility, and Marginalisation: Consequences for Sexual and Gender Minorities", IDS Policy Briefing 118, Brighton: IDS</ref>
Some LBGT people opt to migrate as asylum-seekers. According to the 1951 United Nations Convention on the Status of Refugees, an individual can be considered to be a refugee if they are outside of their country of origin and cannot seek protection in their home country on the grounds of a fear of persecution based on their race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinions.<ref name=":04">{{Cite web |last=thisisloyal.com |first=Loyal {{!}} |title=LGBTQI+ Refugees and Asylum Seekers |url=https://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/publications/lgbtqi-refugees-asylum-seekers/ |access-date=2024-02-29 |website=Williams Institute |language=en-US}}</ref>
In many Western nations, LGBT people coming from LGBT-unfriednly countries are regarded as vulnerable members of a particular social group. However, there are LGBT inviduals who do not migrate as refugees. Such people also migrate via education, working, marriage and so on.
==By region==
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