Ji is the pinyin romanization of a number of distinct Chinese surnames that are written with different characters in Chinese. Depending on the character, it may be spelled Jī, Jí, Jǐ, or Jì when tone diacritics are used. In Wade–Giles they are romanized as Chi. Languages using the Latin alphabet do not distinguish among the different Chinese surnames, rendering them all as Ji or Chi. They may not be confused with the Chinese surname Chi (池);[1] e.g. family name of Wuhan author Chi Li.
Surnames romanized as Ji
editAncient clan names
edit- Jī 姬 (first tone), Gei or Kei in Cantonese, the royal surname of the Zhou dynasty,[2] the 207th most common surname in modern China[3]
- Jí 姞 (second tone), Gat or Kat in Cantonese, the royal surname of the states of Southern Yan (南燕), Mixu (密须), and Bi (偪)[4]: 36
- Jǐ 己 (third tone), Gei or Kei in Cantonese, the royal surname of the states of Ju, Tan (郯), and Wen (温)[4]: 29
Other surnames
edit- Jǐ (or Jì) 紀/纪 (third tone (or fourth tone)), Gei or Kei in Cantonese, the 122nd most common surname in China[3]
- Jì 季 (fourth tone), Gwai or Kwai in Cantonese, the 142nd most common surname in China[3]
- Jí 吉 (second tone), Gat or Kat in Cantonese, the 195th most common surname in China[3]
- Jì 冀 (fourth tone), Kei in Cantonese, the 294th most common surname in China[3]
- Jī 嵇 (first tone), Kai in Cantonese
- Jì 计/計 (fourth tone), Gai or Kai in Cantonese
- Jì 蓟/薊 (fourth tone), Gai or Kai in Cantonese
- Jì 暨 (fourth tone), Kei in Cantonese
- Jí 汲 (second tone), Kap in Cantonese
- Jí 籍 (second tone), Zik in Cantonese
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ ""池{...}5(Chí)名姓。"(translation: chi{...}5(Chí)Noun Surname.)"現代漢語詞典(第七版). Contemporary Chinese Dictionary (Seventh Edition). 商務印書舘. The Commercial Press. 1 September 2016. p. 174. ISBN 978-7-100-12450-8.
- ^ Pulleyblank, Edwin G. (2000). "Ji 姬 and Jiang 姜: The Role of Exogamic Clans in the Organization of the Zhou Polity" (PDF). Early China. 25 (25): 1–27. doi:10.1017/S0362502800004259. S2CID 162159081. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 November 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2014.
- ^ a b c d e 中国最新300大姓排名（2008） [300 most common surnames in China (2008)] (in Chinese). Taiwan.cn. 2009-01-06. Retrieved 2014-03-05.
- ^ a b Gu Derong (顾德融); Zhu Shunlong (朱顺龙) (2003). 春秋史 [History of the Spring and Autumn Period]. Shanghai People's Publishing House. ISBN 978-7-208-04544-6.