This article needs more reliable medical references for verification or relies too heavily on primary sources. (July 2016) |  |
Dysuria refers to difficult urination.[1][2] Painful urination is also sometimes, but rarely, described as dysuria.[3]
| Dysuria | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Urology, infectious disease |
It is one of a constellation of irritative bladder symptoms (also sometimes referred to as lower urinary tract symptoms), which includes nocturia and urinary frequency.
Differential diagnosis
This is typically described to be a burning or stinging sensation. It is most often a result of a urinary tract infection. It may also be due to an STD, bladder stones, bladder tumors, and virtually any condition of the prostate. It can also occur as a side effect of anticholinergic medication used for Parkinson's disease.
Drugs and irritants
- Chemical irritants, e.g., soaps, tampons, toilet papers
- Drugs, e.g., anticholinergics, NSAIDs
- Capsaicin consumption, e.g., habanero peppers
Genital
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia (male)
- Endometriosis (female)
- Prostatic cancer (male)
- Prostatitis (male)
- Vaginitis (female)
Urinary tract
One of the most common causes of dysuria is urinary tract infection. Urinary tract infections are more common in females than males due to female anatomy, having a shorter and straight urethra compared to males who have longer and curved urethra due to male anatomy. In females, bacteria can reach the bladder more easily due to shorter and straight urethra as they have less distance to travel. Also, females who use the wrong wiping technique from back to front instead of front to back can predispose themselves to more frequent urinary tract infections due to the opening of the urethra being closer to the rectum. Because of these reasons, females tend to experience dysuria more frequently compared to males. Also, most urinary tract infections are uncomplicated.[4]
- Chlamydia
- Cystitis
- Hemorrhagic cystitis
- Kidney stones
- Malignancy, i.e., bladder cancer, prostatic cancer, or urethral cancer
- Prostatic enlargement, i.e., benign prostatic hyperplasia (male), prostatic cancer
- Prostatitis (male)
- Pyelonephritis
- Sexually transmitted disease
- Trichomoniasis
- Urethral stricture
- Urethritis
- Urinary schistosomiasis
- Urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by bacterial infection
Other
References
- ^ Dysuria at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- ^ Mark B. Mengel; L. Peter Schwiebert (2005). Family medicine: ambulatory care & prevention. McGraw-Hill Professional. pp. 121–. ISBN 978-0-07-142322-9. Retrieved 23 June 2011.
- ^ "Dysuria" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^ Mehta P, Reddivari A (2020). "Dysuria". Statpearls. PMID 31751108.
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