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{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Cuttack
| other_namenickname = Silver City / Millenium City / 52 bazar & 53 galee
| other_name = Kataka<!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox or the lead, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. See "Etymology" section below. -->
| settlement_type = City
| translit_lang1_info =
| image_skyline = {{multiple image
| border = infobox
| total_width = 290
| image_style = border:1;
| perrow = 1/2/2/12
| image1 = Cuttack Railway Station - Odisha = Cuttack Bali Yatra Gate20180127060736.jpg
| alt1 = BaliCuttack JatraRailway Station
| caption1 = [[BaliCuttack JatraJunction railway station|Cuttack railway station]]
| image2 = SouthCuttack EastBali Corner view of the Elephant stables at Barabati Fort , CuttackYatra 05Gate.jpg
| alt2 = BarabatiBali FortJatra
| caption2 = [[BarabatiBali FortJatra]]
| image3 = South =East BarabatiCorner Stadiumview IPLof Matchthe PuneElephant Warriorsstables at Barabati IndiaFort vs., DeccanCuttack Chargers05.jpg
| alt3 = Barabati Stadium Fort
| caption3 = [[Barabati StadiumFort]]
| image4 = CuttackBarabati Stadium IPL Match Pune Warriors India vs. Deccan ChandiChargers.jpg
| alt4 = Cuttack Maa ChandiBarabati TempleStadium
| caption4 = [[CuttackBarabati Chandi TempleStadium]]
| image5 = Odisha HighCuttack CourtChandi.JPGjpg
| alt5 = OrissaCuttack HighMaa Chandi Temple Court
| caption5 = [[OrissaCuttack HighChandi CourtTemple]]
| image6 = Netaji SubhashOdisha BoseHigh SetuCourt.jpgJPG
| alt6 = NetajiOrissa SubhashHigh Chandra Bose SetuCourt
| caption6 = [[NetajiOrissa SubhasHigh Chandra Bose SetuCourt]]
| image7 = Netaji Subhash Bose Setu.jpg
| alt7 = Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Setu
| caption7= [[Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Setu]]
}}
| image_alt =
| nicknames = Silver City <br /> Millennium City<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/travel/cuttack/travel-guide/exploring-cuttackodishas-silver-city/gs47642177.cms |title= Exploring Cuttack―Odisha's Silver City |website= [[The Times of India]] |access-date=4 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200822035017/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/travel/cuttack/travel-guide/exploring-cuttackodishas-silver-city/gs47642177.cms |archive-date=22 August 2020 |url-status=live }} [https://www.nativeplanet.com/travel-guide/places-visit-cuttack-odisha-000737.html Alt URL]</ref>
| image_caption = Clockwise from top: Bali Jatra Gate, Barabati Stadium, Banasura Temple, Mahanadi Bridge, Cuttack Maa Chandi, Barabati Fort
| pushpin_map = India Odisha#India
| nicknames = Silver City <br /> Millennium City <br /><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/travel/cuttack/travel-guide/exploring-cuttackodishas-silver-city/gs47642177.cms |title= Exploring Cuttack―Odisha's Silver City |website= [[The Times of India]] |access-date=4 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200822035017/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/travel/cuttack/travel-guide/exploring-cuttackodishas-silver-city/gs47642177.cms |archive-date=22 August 2020 |url-status=live }} [https://www.nativeplanet.com/travel-guide/places-visit-cuttack-odisha-000737.html Alt URL]</ref>
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map = India Odisha#India
| pushpin_label_position pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Odisha, India
| pushpin_map_alt =
| coordinates = {{coord|20|31|25|N|85|47|17|E|display=inline,title}}
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Odisha, India
| subdivision_type = Country
| coordinates = {{coord|20|31|25|N|85|47|17|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type1 = [[States of India|State]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of Odisha|District]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{Flagicon image|Orissa Flag(INDIA).png}} [[Odisha]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of Odisha|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Cuttack District|Cuttack]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{Flagicon image|Orissa Flag(INDIA).png}} [[Odisha]]
| established_title = Established
| subdivision_name2 = [[Cuttack District|Cuttack]]
| established_date = 989 CE
| established_title = Established
| established_datefounder = Markat Keshari of = 989Keshari CEDynasty
| foundernamed_for = Ancient military = Markat Kesharicantonment of Keshari Dynasty[[Utkal]]
| government_type = [[Municipal Corporations in India|Municipal Corporation]]
| named_for = Ancient military cantonment of [[Utkal]]
| government_type governing_body = [[Cuttack Municipal CorporationsCorporation|Cuttack in India|Municipal Corporation (CMC)]]
| leader_title = [[Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]]
| governing_body = [[Cuttack Municipal Corporation|Cuttack Municipal Corporation (CMC)]]
| leader_name = Bhartruhari Mahtab
| leader_title = [[Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]]
| leader_party = [[Bhartiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| leader_name = Shri Bhartruhari Mahatab
| leader_title1 = [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|Members of Legislative Assembly]]
| leader_party = [[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]]
| leader_name1 = [[Barabati-Cuttack]] : Sofia Firdaus, [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| leader_title1 = [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|Members of Legislative Assembly]]
| leader_name1 = Barabati[[Choudwar-Cuttack]] : Shri MohammedSouvic MoquimBiswal, [[IndianBiju NationalJanata CongressDal|INCBJD]]
Choudwar-[[Cuttack Sadar]](SC) : Shri SouvicPrakash BiswalChandra Sethi, [[BijuBharatiya Janata DalParty |BJDBJP]]
| leader_title2 = [[Municipal commissioner (India)|Municipal Commissioner]]
Cuttack Sadar (SC) : Shri Chandra Sarathi Behera, [[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]]
| leader_name2 = Bijay Kumar Dash, [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]]
| leader_title2 = [[Municipal commissioner (India)|Municipal Commissioner]]
| leader_title3 = [[Superintendent of police (India)|Deputy Commissioner of Police]]
| leader_name2 = Nikhil Pavan Kalyan, [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]]
| leader_name3 = Kanwar Vishal Singh, [[Indian Police Service|IPS]]
| leader_title3 = [[Superintendent of police (India)|Deputy Commissioner of Police]]
| unit_pref = Metric
| leader_name3 = Pinak Mishra, [[Indian Police Service|IPS]]
| area_footnotes = <ref name='CMC'>{{cite web|title=Cuttack Municipal Corporation}}</ref>
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_total_km2 = 192.5
| area_footnotes = <ref name='CMC'>{{cite web|title=Cuttack Municipal Corporation}}</ref>
| area_total_km2 area_metro_km2 = 192.5
| area_metro_km2area_rank = 1st in Odisha = .
| elevation_footnotes =
| area_rank = 2nd in Odisha .
| elevation_footnotes elevation_m = 36
| population_total = 610,189
| elevation_m = 36
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 606,007
| population_footnotes = <ref name="pop">{{cite web|title=Cities having population 1 lakh and above|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|publisher=Census of India, Government of India|access-date=2 November 2011}}</ref>
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_footnotes = <ref name="pop">{{cite web|title=Cities having population 1 lakh and above|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|publisher=Census of India, Government of India|access-date=2 November 2011}}</ref>
| population_metro = 666,702
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank = [[List of most populous cities in India|India 72nd]], [[List of most populous cities in Odisha|Odisha 2nd]]
| population_metro = 666,702
| population_demonym = Katakia
| population_rank = [[List of most populous cities in India|India 72nd]], [[List of most populous cities in Odisha|Odisha 2nd]]
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| population_demonym = Katakia
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1timezone1 = [[Indian =Standard OfficialTime|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|ZIP code(s)]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code = 7530xx/754xxx
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|ZIP code(s)]]
| postal_code area_code = 7530xx/754xxx0671
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 0671
| registration_plate = OD-05
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| blank_name_sec1 = [[UN/LOCODE]]
| registration_plate = OD-05
| blank_info_sec1 = IN CUT
| blank_name_sec1 = [[UN/LOCODE]]
| blank_info_sec1 website = IN CUT{{URL|cuttack.odisha.gov.in}}
| website footnotes = {{URL|cmccuttack.gov.in}}
| demographics1_info1 = [[Odia language|Odia]]
| footnotes =
| official_name =
| demographics1_info1 = [[Odia language|Odia]]
| official_name =
}}
 
'''Cuttack''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=Cuttack.ogg|ˈ|k|ʌ|t|ə|k}}, or officially '''Kataka''' in [[Odia language|Odia]] {{IPA-or|ˈkɔʈɔkɔ|}}), is the former capital and the second largest city in the Indian state of [[Odisha]]. It is the headquarters of the [[Cuttack district]]. The name of the city is an anglicised form of the [[Odia language|Odia]] and [[Sanskrit]] name ''Kataka'' which literally means ''The Fort'', a reference to the ancient [[Barabati Fort]] around which the city initially developed. Cuttack is known as the ''Millennium City'' as well as the ''Silver City'' due to its history of 1000 years and famous silver filigree works. The [[Orissa High Court]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cuttackroadmap_new2.asp|title=odisha high court location map|work=Odisha high court road map|publisher=Odisha Government|access-date=8 August 2014}}{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> is located there and the city is judiciary capital of Odisha. It is the commercial capital of Odisha which hosts many trading and business houses in and around the city. Cuttack is famous for its [[Durga Puja]] which is one of the most important [[festivals of Odisha]]. CuttackBeing the favourite destination of poets and artists, it is also the birthplacecultural capital of IndianOdisha. nationalistDue &to freedomits fighterbeauty, Netajithe [[Subhasterm Chandra''Kataka Bose]]Nagara fromDhabala [[WestTagara'' Bengal|Bengal]]is coined for it. The city is categorised as a [[Classification of Indian cities|Tier-II]] city as per the ranking system used by [[Government of India]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/india/tier-1-and-2-cities.html|title=Tier I and Tier II Cities map|work=Tier II Cities map|publisher =maps of India|access-date=24 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://businesstoday.intoday.in/story/10-indian-cities-quiet-peaceful-life-for-retirement/1/198976.html|title=Tier II and Tier III Cities|work=Tier II Cities|date=12 October 2013 |publisher=Business Today|access-date=24 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nbmcw.com/reports/construction-infra-industry/30474-tier-ii-a-iii-cities-growth-engines-for-the-future.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130715045352/http://www.nbmcw.com/reports/construction-infra-industry/30474-tier-ii-a-iii-cities-growth-engines-for-the-future.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 July 2013|title=Growth of Tier II and Tier III Cities|work=Tier II Cities growth|publisher=NBM Media|access-date=24 August 2014}}</ref>
 
The old and the most important part of the city is centred on a strip of land between the [[Kathajodi River]] and the [[Mahanadi River]], bounded on the south-east by Old Jagannath Road.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cmccuttack.gov.in/(S(1oirng45sr0ka255bqmljbz0))/geographical_details.html|title=Geographical Details of CMC|work=Geography|publisher=cuttack Municipal Corporation|access-date=24 August 2014}}</ref> The city, being a part of the [[Cuttack Municipal Corporation]] consisting of 59 wards.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cmccuttack.gov.in/overview_on_cmc.html|title=Welcome to Cuttack Municipal Corporation|work=Overview on CMC|publisher=cuttack Municipal Corporation|access-date=24 April 2018}}</ref> Cuttack stretches from Phulnakhara across the [[Kathajodi River|Kathajodi]] in the south to [[Choudwar]] in north across the Birupa River, while in the east it begins at Kandarpur and runs west as far as Naraj. Four rivers including [[Mahanadi River|Mahanadi]] and its distributaries [[Kathajodi River|Kathajodi]], [[Kuakhai River|Kuakhai]], Birupa run through the city. Further Kathajodi is distributed into [[Devi River|Devi]] and Biluakhai which often makes the geographical area look like fibrous roots.
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Historical and archaeological evidence suggests Cuttack becoming capital of a kingdom founded by Raja Anangabhimadeva III of [[Eastern Ganga dynasty|Ganga dynasty]] in 1211 CE.<ref name="Mohanty-PK">{{Cite journal|author=Mohanty, Pramod Kumar|year=2007|title=Cuttack : Carrying the Heritage of Orissa|journal=Orissa Review|volume=63|issue=1|pages=57–61|url=http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/Orissareview/jan-2007/engpdf/57-61.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727052933/http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/Orissareview/jan-2007/engpdf/57-61.pdf|archive-date=27 July 2014}}</ref> After the end of Ganga rule, [[Odisha]] passed to the hands of the [[Gajapati Kingdom|Suryavamsi Gajapati dynasty]] (1434–1541 CE) under whom Cuttack continued to be the capital of Odisha.<ref name="Mohanty-PK" /> After the death of Raja Mukunda deva,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Reddy|first=Krishna|year=2005|title=General Studies History 4 UPSC|publisher=Tata McGraw-Hill Education|page=B-32|isbn=978-0-07-060447-6}}</ref> the last Hindu [[List of rulers of Odisha|king of Orissa]], Cuttack first came under Muslim rule and later under [[Mughals]],<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Das, G. S.|year=1955|title=History of Cuttack|journal=Orissa Historical Research Journal |volume=3|pages=197–214}}</ref> who made Cuttack the seat of the new [[Orissa Subah]] (imperial top-level province) under [[Shah Jahan]].
 
By 1750, Cuttack came under the [[Maratha Empire]] and it grew fast as a business centre being the convenient point of contact between the [[Bhonsle (clan)|Bhonsale]] Marathas of [[Kingdom of Nagpur|Nagpur]] and the [[East India Company|English merchants of Bengal]]. The term "Attock te Cuttack" ([[Attock]] to Cuttack) was first used to describe the extent of the [[Maratha Empire]] after they conquered Cuttack in 1750 and Attock in 1758. It was occupied by the British in 1803 and later became the capital of Odisha division in 1816. From 1948 onwards, when the capital was shifted to [[Bhubaneswar]], the city remained the administrative headquarters for the state of [[Odisha]].
 
The introduction of the Sharadiya Utsav tradition in the city dates back to the visit of Saint Chaitanya in the 16th century when the consecration of the idol of [[Durga]] by using the mask pattern was conducted in his presence at Binod Behari Devi Mandap.<ref>{{cnCite web |last=TheIndianTrip |title=Cuttack tour Guide - India Information & Tips on Travel, Tourism & FAQs |url=https://theindiantrip.com/cuttack-city/info |access-date=November2024-08-13 2022|website=TheIndianTrip |language=English}}</ref>
 
The remains of the old moated [[Barabati Fort]] still exist in the heart of Cuttack.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Mohanty, Arun K.|year=2000|title=Cuttack: City of the Fort|journal=Orissa Review|volume=2000|issue=7 (September)|pages=36–40}}</ref>
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== Geography ==
 
Cuttack is located at {{Coord|20|31|23|N|085|47|17|E|}}<ref>{{GEOnet2|32FA8823083C3774E0440003BA962ED3|Cuttack Approved&nbsp;– N}}, [[National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency|United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency]]</ref> and has an average elevation of {{convert|36|m|ft}}. The city is spread across an area of {{convert|192.5|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on}}. The city, being a [[Cuttack Municipal Corporation]] which consists of 59 wards. The city stretches from Phulnakhara in south to Choudwar in north and Kandarpur in east to naraj in west while main city is located at the apex of the [[Mahanadi River]] delta. Apart from Mahanadi, four of its distributaries also run through the city. The distributaries include Mahanadi, Kathajodi, Kuakhai and Birupa where Kathajodi further has two distributaries; the right being Devi while the left is Biluakhai. Mahanadi runs through the city on the northern side separating the main city from the Jagatpur Industrial Area. The Kathajodi river forms a riverine island of Bayalis Mouza (42 Wards) after separating the main city from Gopalpur. The Kuakhai river separates the southern part of the city into two-halves, namely Pratap Nagri and the new township of Naranpur. The Kuakhai runs throughout the south of the city along Phulnakhara before entering Bhubaneswar. The Birupa river runs through the north of Jagatpur Industrial Area separating it from Choudwar. There are numerous ponds known as (''pokharis'') in the city that store rain water. The Mahanadi provides much of the drinking water to the city.<ref>{{cnCite journal |last=Panigrahi |first=Subhashree |last2=Patra |first2=A. K. |date=November2013-07-01 2022|title=Water quality analysis of river mahanadi in cuttack city, odisha, india |url=https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA357968954&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1&it=r&linkaccess=abs&issn=22771743&p=AONE&sw=w&userGroupName=anon~44303eb1&aty=open-web-entry |journal=Indian Journal of Life Sciences |language=English |volume=2 |issue=2 |pages=27–34}}</ref> Recent growth of the city has resulted in expansion across the [[Kathajodi River]] and a newer township towards the head of the delta formed between the tributary Kathajodi river and the main river Mahanadi has come up by the name of Markat Nagar (popularly known as CDA by the local residents) which is spread across 2000 acres. CDA has 15 sectors out of which 11 are residential & has population around {{formatnum:150000}}. Jagatpur & Mahanadi Vihar are the other two townships in the city. [[Mahanadi Vihar]] is the first satellite city project in [[Odisha]]. Cuttack is referred to as a city with ''Baaban Bazaar, Teppan Galee'' i.e. this is the city of 52 markets and 53 streets which is told by people of [[Odisha]] for the largeness of this city.<ref>{{cnCite web |last=Saraf |first=Tanvi |date=November2020-11-09 2022|title=Architecture of Indian Cities—Cuttack: Odisha's Silver City |url=https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/rtf-fresh-perspectives/a2060-architecture-of-indian-cities-cuttack-odishas-silver-city/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=RTF {{!}} Rethinking The Future |language=en-US}}</ref> Naranpur is another satellite township coming up in [[Trishulia Bridge|Trishulia]], on the other side of [[Kathajodi River]].
 
=== Climate ===
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==== Cuttack Chandi Temple ====
Dedicated to the Goddess [[Chandi]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Service |first=Express News |date=2023-09-06 |title=Chandi Mandir revamp will ensure no alteration to original structure |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2023/Sep/06/chandi-mandir-revamp-will-ensureno-alteration-to-original-structure-2612210.html |access-date=2024-08-13 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> the presiding deity of Cuttack. The [[Cuttack Chandi Temple]] is located in proximity to the banks of the Mahanadi River. <ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2023-02-28 |title=Cuttack Chandi Temple - History, Timings, Contact Number |url=https://viharadarshani.in/2023/02/cuttack-chandi-temple-odisha-history-timings-contact-number.html/ |access-date=2024-08-13 |website=Vihara Darshani - Temples, Beaches, Timings, Accommodation |language=en-GB}}</ref>It is famous for its annual Durga Puja and Kali Puja festivals. The Durga Puja festivities are prominent in Maa Katak Chandi temple which takes place for 16 days starting from dark fortnight of Ashwina Krishna Ashtami till Ashwina Shukla navami and Vijayadashami. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Maa Cuttack Chandi |url=https://maacuttackchandi.in/sholabesha.php |access-date=2024-08-13 |website=maacuttackchandi.in}}</ref>The Goddess popularly called as [[Chanditala I|Maa Kataka Chandi]], sits and rules on the heart of the ancient city. Gada Chandi Temple situated within the premises of the [[Barabati Fort]] is one of the oldest temples in Cuttack and is believed to be the older temple of Cuttack Chandi before her shift to the present Cuttack Chandi Temple.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maa Gada Chandi Mandir – Hindu Temple Timings, History, Location, Deity, shlokas |url=https://www.ishtadevata.com/temple/maa-gada-chandi-mandir-cuttack-cuttack-odisha/ |access-date=2024-08-13 |language=en-US}}</ref>
 
==== Dhabaleshwar Temple ====
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=== Festivals ===
 
* [[Durga Puja in Odisha|Durga Puja]]: Cuttack is famous throughout the nation for its Durga puja celebrations. Nearly 200 earthen idols of Goddess Durga are prepared by the different Puja Committees of the city to worship Goddess Durga The speciality Cuttack Durga Puja are its Durga puja '''Suna Medha''', in which the idols are adorned with huge amounts of gold and silver, with localities trying to outsmart each other by constructing more attractive idols. Cuttack celebrates Durga Puja with full energy on Maha Saptami, Maha Ashtami, Maha Navami and on [[Vijayadashami|Vijaya Dashami or Dussehra]] by burning an effigy of the demon [[Ravana]]. People from all of [[Odisha]] and nearby states visit Cuttack during this period observe the famous festival.
*[[Boita Bandana]]: This festival is celebrated on the last day of the holy Hindu month of [[Kartik (month)|Kartik]]. On this auspicious day people flow miniature boitas or model boats in the Mahanadi and Kathajodi rivers to pay homage to the ancient merchants of [[Kalinga (historical kingdom)|Kalinga Kingdom]]. This day also marks the beginning of [[Bali Jatra]]. This festival is similar to the ''Masakapam Kepesih'' festival of [[Bali]],<ref>{{citation |title=Kalinga Maritime history |publisher=Indo Nordic Author's Collective |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344443146 |author=Uday Dokras |date=October 2020 |access-date=9 February 2021 }}</ref> and to the ''[[Loi Krathong]]'' festival of [[Thailand]], both of which involve ritualistic floating of model boats around the same time of year
*[[Bali Jatra]]: The festival which the people of Cuttack await the most is the [[Bali Jatra]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://baliyatra.org/|title=Bali Jatra|work=Online Webpage Bali Jatra|publisher=Directorate of Culture, Cuttack|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809131653/http://baliyatra.org/|archive-date=9 August 2014|url-status=dead|access-date=8 August 2014}}</ref> Bali Yatra is supposedly the second largest trade festival in Asia and the largest in India. The name Bali Jatra literally means '''A Voyage to Bali'''. In olden times, merchants used to trade with South-East Asian Island Countries of [[Bali]], [[Java]], [[Sumatra]], [[Borneo]]. Whatever items they brought from those places after trading Oriya goods used to be put up for sale in the capital (which was then Cuttack). People from all over the state and beyond used to come to Cuttack to buy these items. [[Bali Jatra]] is the festival of continuing this ancient tradition. It is held every year in November on the banks of the [[Mahanadi River|Mahanadi]]. Many stalls are set up selling both local and exotic goods. People from all over Odisha come to the Bali Jatra to buy items, as was the custom back in those days.
* [[Kali puja]]: This festival is dedicated to the Hindu Goddess [[Kali]] and is celebrated on the new moon day of the Hindu month of Kartik. It coincides with the pan-Indian festival of [[Diwali]] amidst the bursting of [[firecrackers]]. [[File:Balijatra cuttack.JPG|thumb|Bali Jatra Entrance Gate]]
* [[Kartikeya|Kartikeshwar Puja]]: The puja in Cuttack is organized by the puja committees of Cuttack. This festival is observed to worship [[Kartikeya]], the eldest son of [[Lord Shiva]]. Nowhere else except [[Sabarimala]] is the Kartikeswar puja carried out with so much elan.
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== Art and literature ==
Cuttack has been the home to many notable personalities who have contributed a lot towards the culture and history of modern Odisha. It is rightly called the Cultural capital.<ref>{{cnCite web |title=Cuttack-Culture – Odishatourisms |url=https://odishatourisms.com/cuttack-culture/ |access-date=January2024-08-13 2023|language=en-US}}</ref>
 
=== Drama and theater culture ===
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=== Population ===
{{Historical populations
|1901 |51364
|1911 |52528
|1921 |51007
|1931 |65263
|1941 |74291
|1951 |102505
|1961 |146308
|1971 |205759
|1981 |295268
|1991 |403418
|2001 |534654
|2011 |606007
|source = [[Census of India]]<ref>{{cite web |title = Population growth of ULBs in Orissa (1901 – 2001) |url=http://rcueslucknow.org/states/Compendium%20of%20Urban%20Data%20(Orissa)/_21_%20POPULATION%20GROWTH%20OF%20ULBs%20IN%20ORISSA%20_1901-2001_.pdf
|website=The Regional Centre for Urban & Environmental Studies (RCUES)}}</ref>}}
 
According to the 2011 census of India,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/269-cuttack.html |title=Top Cities of India, Census of 2011|work=Online Webpage of Census of India|publisher=Registrar General, Government of India|access-date=4 August 2014}}</ref> the population of Cuttack City in 2011 was 606,007: 331,246 male and 302,477 female. Its urban / metropolitan population was 658,986 of which 331,246 males and 327,740 are females. There were 48,585 children aged 0–6, 8.02% of total population of Cuttack City: 25,358 boys and 23,227 girls. The gender ratio of Cuttack City was 997 per 1000 males, for children 916 girls per 1000 boys.
 
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=== Political and municipal administration ===
The City of Cuttack is administered by the Cuttack Municipal Corporation. [[Cuttack Municipal Corporation|CMC]] was established as a municipality on 4 June 1876 and was named as a corporation on 15 August 1994. This corporation covers an area of 192.5&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name='CMC'/><ref>{{Cite web|title=Overview on CMC|publisher=Cuttack Municipal Corporation|url=http://www.cmccuttack.gov.in/(S(x2raur55fal2keauxvb4ue45))/overview_on_cmc.html}}</ref> The CMC is in charge of the civic and infrastructure needs of the Metropolitan City.<ref>{{Cite news |title=BJD Forms CMC Council, Anita Behera Elected as New Mayor |date=14 February 2014 |newspaper=The New Indian Express |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/BJD-Forms-CMC-Council-Anita-Behera-Elected-as-New-Mayor/2014/02/14/article2055613.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140308083456/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/BJD-Forms-CMC-Council-Anita-Behera-Elected-as-New-Mayor/2014/02/14/article2055613.ece |archive-date=8 March 2014 |url-status=livedead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Anita Behera elected CMC mayor |date=14 February 2014 |newspaper=The Pioneer |url=http://www.dailypioneer.com/state-editions/bhubaneswar/anita-behera-elected-cmc-mayor.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304032340/http://www.dailypioneer.com/state-editions/bhubaneswar/anita-behera-elected-cmc-mayor.html |archive-date=4 March 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref>
Mayor heads the Municipal Corporation and the Municipal Commissioner is head of the executive arm. Municipal Commissioner is an Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer appointed by the State Government. [[Subhash Chandra Singh]] is the first directly elected Mayor of Cuttack and holds executive power in the Municipal Corporation.
 
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== Healthcare ==
[[File:Shishu Bhaban Main Building.JPG|thumb|Sishu Bhawan Main Building]]
Cuttack is the healthcare hub of Odisha. Millions of people from different parts of Odisha and other states throng to the city with the hope of better medical facilities.<ref>{{cnCite web |last=www.ETHealthworld.com |title=Odisha will soon become hub of cancer care in east India: Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik - ET HealthWorld |url=https://health.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/industry/odisha-will-soon-become-hub-of-cancer-care-in-east-india-chief-minister-naveen-patnaik/104222652 |access-date=November2024-09-09 2022|website=ETHealthworld.com |language=en}}</ref> [[Shri Ramachandra Bhanj Medical College|Shri Ramachandra Bhanj Medical College (SCBMCH)]], the largest medical college of the state is located in Cuttack. The [[Acharya Harihar Regional Cancer Centre]] (AHRCC), the only one of its kind in Eastern India, carries out high-end research and treatment in cancer. The [[Regional Spinal Injury Center|Regional Spinal Injury Centre]] (RSIC) is also situated in the S.C.B. Medical College Campus which provides rehabilitation measures to persons with disabilities especially spinal injury. Swami Vivekananda [[National Institute of Rehabilitation Training and Research]] (SVNIRTAR) is the most prestigious institution in the field of rehabilitation located at Olatpur, 30&nbsp;km from Cuttack. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel PG Institute of Paediatrics (SVPPIG), popularly known as Sishu Bhawan is an annex hospital of SCBMCH. It is the largest hospital of its kind in eastern India. Leprosy Home and Hospital near Nuabazar is over 100 years old and is still serving the people.
 
Major hospitals in and around Cuttack are District Headquarters Hospital (City Hospital), Shanti Memorial Hospital, HCG Panda Cancer Hospital, Ashwini Hospital, Sun Hospital,<ref>[https://www.sunhospitals.com/ Sun Hospital]</ref> Sabarmati General Hospital, [[Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital]], Heritage Healthcare Hospital, Rotary Eye Hospital and Melvin Jones Lion's Eye Hospital among others.
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=== Schools and colleges in Cuttack ===
Schools in Cuttack are either run by the [[Cuttack Municipal Corporation]] or by private trusts and individuals. The Odia medium schools in Cuttack are affiliated to the [[Board of Secondary Education, Odisha]] whilst the English medium affiliated to either [[Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations|ICSE]] or the [[Central Board of Secondary Education|CBSE]]. Apart from English and Odia medium schools, certain Hindi, Urdu, Gujarati, Bengali and Telugu medium schools are also present in Cuttack. [[Ravenshaw Collegiate School]], the oldest school of Odisha which proudly boasts many eminent personalities in its alumni including [[Subash Chandra Bose|Netaji Subash Chandra Bose]], [[Biju Patnaik]], [[Harekrushna Mahatab]], etc. isIts situated in Cuttack. Some of the other prominent Odia medium schools of the city include [[Secondary Board High School]], [[Jobra High School|Jobra High SchoolJobra High School]], [[Ravenshaw Girls High School]], Ranihat High School, Nua Bazar High School, Odisha Police High School, [[Sri Aurobindo Institute of Higher Studies and Research Matrubhaban]], Christ Collegiate School, Kamalakanta Vidayapitha, Peary Mohan Academy, Badambadi New Colony High School, [[MatrubhabanBuckley School & College, Cuttack|MatrubhabanGirls School & College]], BuckleySri GirlsAurobindo School Of New Thought, CRRI High School.
 
The city has a number of [[Saraswati Shishu Mandir|Saraswati Shishu Mandirs]] and CBSE schools. The prominent public schools are [[SAI International Residential School|Sai International Residential School (SIRS)]], [[D.A.V. College Managing Committee|D.A.V. Public School, Sector-6, CDA]], L.R.D.A.V Public School, Gandarpur, D.A.V. Public School, Rajabagicha, [[Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Mundali|Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya]], Kendriya Vidyalaya No.1, Kendriya Vidyalaya No.2, Mahanadi Vihar, Kendriya Vidyalaya No.3, Kendriya Vidyalaya Arc Charbatia, [[Stewart School, Cuttack|Stewart School]], New Stewart School, Delhi Public School Kalinga, [[St. Xavier's High School, india|St. Xavier's High School]], Sri Sathya Sai School, [[St. Joseph's Girls High School]], [[S.C.B. Medical Public School]], [[Cambridge School (intellectual history)|Cambridge School]], Joharimall High School, Modern Public School, Queen Mary's School etc. Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose studied at Stewart School briefly before moving to Ravenshaw Collegiate School.
 
Under the 10+2+3/4 plan, students complete ten years of schooling and then enroll for two years in junior college, where they select one of three streams: arts, commerce, or science. This is followed by either a general degree course in a chosen field of study, or a professional degree course, such as law, engineering, and medicine. Most of the colleges in the city are affiliated to the Council of Higher Secondary Education. Some of the prominent colleges include [[Ravenshaw]] College, Stewart Science College, Christ College, [[Choudwar]] College, Choudwar women's college, Cuttack College, Jatiya Kabi Bira Kishore (J.K.B.K.) College, Netaji City College, Raghunathjew College, [[Sailabala Women's College, Cuttack|Sailabala Women's College]], [[Emarti Devi Women's College]], [[Indira Gandhi Women's College]],Sri Aurobindo School Of New Thought, City Women's College, Sri Aurobindo Institute of Higher Studies & Research Matrubhaban, Kishore Nagar College, Kandarpur College. Sailabala Women's college established in 1913 is the oldest women's college in Odisha.
 
=== Universities and institutes of higher education and research ===
The ''Twin Cities'' account for around 100 engineering colleges. Cuttack is home to several technical institutions which include [[Institute of Management and Information Technology, Cuttack|Institute of Management and Information Technology (IMIT)]], Bhubananda Orissa school of Engineering(BOSE), Institute of Textile Technology (ITT), [[DRIEMS|Dhaneshwar Rath Institute of Engineering & Management Studies (DRIEMS)]], [[Image Institute of Technology & Management|Image Institute of Technology & Management (IITM)]], [[Ajay Binay Institute of Technology|Ajay Binay Institute of Technology (ABIT)]], Institute of Professional Studies and Research (IPSAR), Jagannath Institute of Engineering and Technology, Barabati Institute of Management Studies etc.
Some of the other institutes include Biju Pattnaik Institute of Film and Television and the [[Madhusudan Law College]]. Madhusudan Law college has been declared to be upgraded as a university.{{citation needed|date=March 2019}}<ref>https://www.shiksha.com/engineering/colleges/b-tech-colleges-cuttack</ref>
 
Established in 1869 as Cuttack Normal School, converted to Cuttack Training School in 1875 and later in 1923 as Secondary Training School, later renamed as Radhanath Training School, after the eminent teacher and poet [[Radhanath Ray]], now known as Radhanatha Institute of Advanced Studies in Education (RNIASE) offers various teaching Courses, is located adjacent to the campus wall of Ravenshaw Collegiate School and in front of [[Swaraja Asrama|Swaraj Asrama]] in Bakharabad is the oldest institute in the State. Also in 1912, Odisha's only Urdu teacher training school was established in Sheikh Bazar Which is now only the Muslim Minority Govt Elementary Teacher Education Institution in Odisha where every year 100 pupil teachers complete their elementary teacher training.{{citation needed|date=March 2019}}
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==== Ravenshaw University ====
[[Ravenshaw University]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ravenshawuniversity.ac.in/|title=Welcome to Ravenshaw University|date=13 September 2013|publisher=Ravenshawuniversity.ac.in|access-date=24 September 2013}}</ref> is one of the oldest institutes of India and the oldest college of the state which was founded by Thomas Edward Ravenshaw in 1868 and was granted University status on 15 November 2006. Ravenshaw University came into existence on 15 November 2006. It was an up-gradation of Ravenshaw College established in 1868, one of the oldest and largest colleges in India which subsequently became an autonomous college with CPE status by UGC and 'A' grade by NAAC. <ref>{{citationCite web |last=archive |first=From our online needed|date=March2012-05-16 2019|title=History Unfolds in Ravenshaw |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2011/Jul/23/history-unfolds-in-ravenshaw-274404.html |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
 
==== Sri Sri University ====
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=== Road ===
On 28 April 2010, the [[Ministry of Road Transport and Highways]] officially published a new numbering system for the National highway network in the Gazette of the Government of India. As per the new numbering [[List of National Highways in India by highway number|National Highway 16]] ([[National Highway 5 (India)|former National Highway 5]]) runs from North to South of the city. As a part of the [[Golden Quadrilateral]] project, this highway runs from [[Chennai]] to [[Kolkata]]. [[List of National Highways in India by highway number|National Highway 55]] ([[National Highway 42 (India)|former National Highway 42]]) connects Cuttack with [[Sambalpur]]. Also Asian Highway 45 passes through the city. Feeder State Highways connect Cuttack to [[Jajpur]], [[Paradeep]], [[Talcher]], [[Angul]], [[Kendrapara]] and nearby towns in [[Cuttack district]]. Intra city transport is primarily through [[Auto rickshaws]]. NowadaysFrom two decades, DTS city buses ply in the city to join different places in the city and the state capital. Cuttack is a major junction connecting all the major parts of the state. The bus terminus at Cuttack is located at Badambadi, and is one of the largest bus terminus in India, and thousands of private and government buses ply to hundreds of destinations every day. A new Inter-state bus terminus (ISBT) at Balikuda is under construction to relieve pressure off the Badambadi Bus Terminus. Cuttack is now more strongly connected to Bhubaneswar and Dhenkanal due to the addition of two new bridges namely [[Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Setu]] on Kathjodi and [[Utkal Gourab Madhusudan Setu]] on Mahanadi. The former is the longest road bridge in Odisha.
 
=== Rail ===
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=== Mass Rapid Transit System (MRTS) ===
The Government of Odisha has proposed a rapid transit system for the cities of [[Bhubaneswar Metro|Cuttack and Bhuabneswar]]. On 23 August 2014, Government of Odisha's Housing and Urban Development Department signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Balaji Railroad Systems Ltd (BARSYL) for preparation of a detailed project report (DPR) for mass rapid transit system (MRTS) between Cuttack and Bhubaneswar. The Balaji Railroad Systems Ltd (BARSYL) would get Rs 25&nbsp;million for preparation of DPR for approximately 30&nbsp;km within a period of ten months. The government officials said it would be a testing for them to evict encroachments for expansion of roads in the twin cities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://odishasuntimes.com/81462/odisha-ready-go-mrts-faster-travel-twin-cities/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826114315/http://odishasuntimes.com/81462/odisha-ready-go-mrts-faster-travel-twin-cities/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=26 August 2014|title=Odisha ready to go for MRTS for faster travel between twin cities|work=OdishaSunTimes.com|date=23 August 2014|access-date=6 May 2015}}</ref>
 
The Government of Odisha is working on introduction of [[Monorail]] service in Cuttack. The Housing and Urban Development Department has taken up the issue for exploring Monorail system in Cuttack to make it the first city in the state to have Monorail service. A study on the viability of launching the monorail over an eight to 10&nbsp;km stretch in the city is expected to be carried out soon. The Engineering Projects (India) Ltd would conduct a comprehensive survey of the city's capacity to host the system as well as the traffic and congestion problems and submit a proposal. The initially proposed route of circular Ring Road has been ruled out as it was not considered feasible on traffic considerations. While Badambadi-Madhupatana Link Road stretch is the most congested with traffic density crossing 300 per minute, thoroughfares like Choudhury Bazar College Square, Mangalabag, Buxi Bazaar, Chandni Chowk, CDA Square see peak flow of over 100 vehicles per minute are more likely to be taken into consideration.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/Monorail-system-in-Cuttack-on-cards/2013/09/17/article1788592.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921013555/http://newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/Monorail-system-in-Cuttack-on-cards/2013/09/17/article1788592.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 September 2013|title=Monorail system in Cuttack on cards|work=The New Indian Express|access-date=6 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-01-09/news/36237712_1_monorail-transit-system-odisha-government-epi|title=Odisha plans Monorail transit system for Cuttack and Bhubaneswar|work=timesofindia-economictimes|access-date=6 May 2015}}</ref>
 
== Sports ==
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=== Old Jail Complex and the Freedom Fighter's Memorial ===
 
This location was inaugurated by [[The Honourable|Hon.]] [[Chief Minister of Odisha]] [[Naveen Patnaik]] on 23 January 2010, on the occasion of Netaji Jayanti. It is situated at the Old Jail complex. The old jail complex of Cuttack near Ganga Mandir tank and Dargha Bazar was a colonia-period jail cellular jail where many notable freedom fighters were imprisoned during the [[Swaraj]] movement.<ref>{{citationCite web |last=Mishra |first=Suranjan needed|date=January2024-02-26 2022|title=144-year-old jail undergoing facelift in Odisha’s Cuttack; museum in cell no-15 |url=https://sambadenglish.com/144-year-old-jail-undergoing-facelift-in-odishas-cuttack-museum-in-cell-no-15/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=Sambad English |language=en}}</ref>
 
=== Swaraj Ashram ===
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=== Maratha barracks ===
The Marhatta barracks are medieval era structures in Chauliaganj, presently used as headquarters of the 6th battalion of the Odisha State Armed police Force (OSAPF), were used as armouryarmory both during the Marhatta and British rule. These iconic long barracks are one of the oldest surviving buildings of Odisha and are widely perceived as original remaining structures and a unique example of the synthesis of Maratha and Odishan architecture.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://odishatv.in/odisha/body-slider/preserve-the-cuttack-maratha-barracks-for-posterity-say-researchers-204163|title=Preserve the Cuttack Maratha barracks for posterity, say researchers {{!}} Odisha Television Limited|date=31 March 2017|access-date=6 February 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> Rajaram Pandit started the work in 1775 and it was completed by Sadasiva Rao in 1795.{{cn|date=November 2022}} Spread across a vast patch of forest land on the outskirts of the city, the place was infested by tigers, panthers, snakes and other wildlife. The forest was cleared except for some ancient trees, which are still standing tall. The domed structures were solidly built with local materials. Kiln baked bricks and lime mortar was used. There were big wells in the compound and underground cells. Separate stables for their horses and elephants, magazines for storing gunpowder, living quarters etc. were made. The barracks housed the artillery, cavalry and infantry forces. The Marathas had as many as 2,000 soldiers in the barracks.{{cn|date=November 2022}} There was a thick wall around with watchtowers, none of which now exist.
 
=== Salt House ===
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=== Lal Bagh Palace ===
Situated on the bank of the [[Kathajodi River|Kathjodi]], the Lal Bagh Palace at Cuttack has a long and colourfulcolorful history. This building witnessed the rise and fall of several rulers who controlled the fortune of Odisha. It was constructed by the Mughal Subedar stationed at Cuttack. Subsequently, the property passed into the hands of the Marathas. Over the years the premises have undergone several alterations and modifications. [[William Burton (antiquary, died 1645)|William Bruton]] visited Cuttack in 1633, when the Lal Bagh Palace was under construction. In 1741, Saulat Jung, the Naib Nazim, fixed his residence in the palace. The building was occupied by the Naib Nazims till 1751 and by the representatives of the [[Bhonsle|Bhonslas]] of Nagpur from 1751 to 1803. Lal Bagh came into the possession of the British in 1803 when Colonel Harcourt's men defeated the [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]] soldiers. The Lal Bagh Palace was apparently leased out but again came into the possession of Government, who sold it in January 1862, and the purchaser sold the estate along with the building to the East India Irrigation Company. In 1863, the building came into the possession of the Government when they took over the irrigation works from the company. Since 1868 the building was occupied by Commissioners and sometimes by Collectors. In 1896, Shri R.C. Dutt, the then Commissioner, who was also a well-known historian, lived in this building. In a letter to his daughter, he describes the building as "the best-situated Commissioner's house." The building which was still under the Irrigation Branch was transferred to the Buildings and Roads Branch of the Government in 1914. In 1941, Shri K.C. Gajapati Narayan Deo, Maharaja of Parlakimedi and [[Prime Minister of Orissa|Premier of Orissa]], fixed his residence at the Lal Bagh palace for a time. On 18 July 1942, the Lal Bagh Palace became the new Government House. Sir Hawthorne Lewis was the first Governor to live in the Lal Bagh Palace. This historic building, which stood witness to countless political and social upheavals during [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]], [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]] and [[British Raj|British]] rule in Odisha, became the center of administration. The Lal Bagh Palace continued to serve as the residence of the Governor till 1960. During the tenure of Shri Sukthankar in 1960, the [[Raj Bhavan, Bhubaneswar|Raj Bhavan]] was shifted from Cuttack to Bhubaneswar. Shri Sukthankar generously donated the building to the [[Indian Red Cross Society]] to utilize it as a children's hospital. The Government of Orissa [now, Odisha] took over this hospital in 1966 and made it an independent institute for post-graduate training and research. At present, the institute is known as Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Post Graduate Institute of Pediatrics, and is popularly known as Shishu Bhavan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rajbhavanodisha.gov.in/history.asp|title=Rajbhavan Odisha : History|website=www.rajbhavanodisha.gov.in|language=EN|access-date=29 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171014105650/http://www.rajbhavanodisha.gov.in/history.asp|archive-date=14 October 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 
=== Kanika Rajbati ===
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* [[Afzal-ul Amin]]
* [[Susmita Bagchi]]
* [[Urvashi Bahuguna]]
* [[Bhikari Bal]]
* [[Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose]]
Line 609 ⟶ 629:
* [[Binod Kanungo]]
* [[Krushna Chandra Kar]]
* [[Karamat Ali Karamat]]
* [[Giridharilal Kedia]]
* [[Annapurna Maharana]]
Line 636 ⟶ 657:
* [[Nandini Satpathy]]
* [[Ratikant Satpathy]]
* [[Mayadhar Swain]]
* [[Samuel Tickell]]
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