The vice chief of naval operations (VCNO) is the second highest-ranking commissioned United States Navy officer in the Department of the Navy and functions as the principal deputy of the chief of naval operations. By statute, the vice chief is appointed as a four-star admiral.[1]
| Vice Chief of Naval Operations | |
|---|---|
 Mark of the U.S. Navy | |
 Flag of the Vice Chief of Naval Operations | |
 | |
| United States Navy Office of the Chief of Naval Operations | |
| Abbreviation | VCNO |
| Reports to | Chief of Naval Operations |
| Appointer | The President with Senate advice and consent |
| Constituting instrument | 10 U.S.C. § 8035 |
| Formation | 26 March 1942 |
| First holder | Frederick J. Horne |
Role
editThe senior leadership of the U.S. Department of the Navy consists of two civilians, the secretary of the Navy (SECNAV) and the under secretary of the Navy (USECNAV), as well as the four senior commissioned officers on the two military service staffs: Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OPNAV) and Headquarters Marine Corps (HQMC).
The vice chief is the principal deputy of the chief of Naval operations (CNO). The vice chief may also perform other delegated duties that either the secretary of the Navy or the CNO assigns to him or her. If the CNO is absent or is unable to perform their duties, then the vice chief assumes the duties and responsibilities of the CNO. Within the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, while there are several Deputy Chiefs of Naval Operations (DCNOs) of either three or two star rank, there is only one VCNO.
The vice chief is appointed by the president of the United States, and must be confirmed via majority vote by the Senate. While there is not a fixed term nor a term limit in the statute; the historical precedent is that a vice chief of naval operations serves for a tenure of two to three years.
Historical background
editThe equivalent of the current VCNO position was called Assistant for Operations in 1915, and Assistant Chief of Naval Operations in 1922. In 1942 the title became Vice Chief of Naval Operations.[2]
List of Vice Chiefs of Naval Operations
edit| No. | Image | Name | Tenure | Post(s) held after VCNO tenure | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Began | Ended | ||||
| 1 | VADM (ADM) Frederick J. Horne | 26 March 1942 | 2 September 1945 | Retired, 1945 Promoted to admiral on 29 January 1945 | |
| 2 | ADM Richard S. Edwards Jr. | 1945 | 1946 | Commander, Western Sea Frontier (1946–1947) Commander, Pacific Reserve Fleet (1946–1947) Retired, 1947 | |
| 3 | ADM DeWitt Clinton Ramsey | 15 January 1946 | 3 January 1948 | Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Command (1948–1949) Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet (1948–1949 High Commissioner, Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (1948–1949) Retired, 1949 | |
| 4 | VADM Arthur W. Radford | January 1948 | May 1949 | Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Command (1949–1953) Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet (1949–1953) High Commissioner, Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (1949–1951) Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (1953–1957) Retired, 1957 | |
| 5 | VADM John D. Price | 1949 | 1950 | Retired, 1950 Promoted to admiral upon retirement | |
| 6 | ADM Lynde D. McCormick | 1950 | 1951 | Commander in Chief, U.S. Atlantic Command (1951–1954) Commander in Chief, U.S. Atlantic Fleet (1951–1954) Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic (1952–1954) Retired, 1954 | |
| 7 | ADM Donald B. Duncan | 1951 | 1956 | Retired, 1956 | |
| 8 | ADM Harry D. Felt | 1956 | 1958 | Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Command (1958–1964) Retired, 1964 | |
| 9 | ADM James S. Russell | 21 July 1958 | September 1961 | Commander in Chief, Allied Forces Southern Europe (1961–1965) Retired, 1965 | |
| 10 | ADM Claude V. Ricketts | 25 September 1961 | 6 July 1964 | Died in office, 1964 | |
| 11 | ADM Horacio Rivero, Jr. | July 1964 | January 1968 | Commander in Chief, Allied Forces Southern Europe (1968–1972) Retired, 1972 | |
| 12 | ADM Bernard A. Clarey | December 1970 | Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet (1970–1973) Retired 1973 | ||
| 13 | ADM Ralph W. Cousins | 1970 | 1972 | Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic (1972–1975) Commander in Chief, U.S. Atlantic Command (1972–1975) Commander in Chief, U.S. Atlantic Fleet (1972–1975) Retired, 1975 | |
| 14 | ADM Maurice F. Weisner | 1972 | 1973 | Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet (1973–1976) Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Command (1976–1979) Retired, 1979 | |
| 15 | ADM James L. Holloway III | September 1973 | 1974 | Chief of Naval Operations (1974–1978) Retired, 1978 | |
| 16 | ADM Worth H. Bagley | June 1974 | July 1975 | Retired, 1975 | |
| 17 | ADM Harold E. Shear | 1975 | 1977 | Commander in Chief, Allied Forces Southern Europe (1978–1980) Retired, 1980 Administrator of the Maritime Administration (1981–1985) | |
| 18 | ADM Robert L. J. Long | July 1977 | April 1979 | Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Command (1979–1983) Retired, 1983 | |
| 19 | ADM James D. Watkins | April 1979 | 1981 | Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet (1981–1982) Chief of Naval Operations (1982–1986) Retired, 1986 Secretary of Energy (1989–1993) | |
| 20 | ADM William N. Small | 1981 | 1983 | Commander in Chief, U.S. Naval Forces Europe (1983–1985) Commander in Chief, Allied Forces Southern Europe (1983–1985) Retired, 1985 | |
| 21 | ADM Ronald J. Hays | 1983 | 1985 | Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Command (1985–1988) Retired, 1988 | |
| 22 | ADM James B. Busey IV | September 1985 | March 1987[3] | Commander in Chief, U.S. Naval Forces Europe (1987–1989) Commander in Chief, Allied Forces Southern Europe (1987–1989) Retired, 1989 Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration (1989–1991) Deputy Secretary of Transportation (1991–1992) | |
| 23 | ADM Huntington Hardisty | March 1987 | 1988 | Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Command (1988–1991) Retired, 1991 | |
| 24 | ADM Leon A. Edney | August 1988 | May 1990 | Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic (1990–1992) Commander in Chief, U.S. Atlantic Command (1990–1992) Retired, 1992 | |
| 25 | ADM Jerome L. Johnson | May 1990 | July 1992 | Retired, 1992 | |
| 26 | ADM Stanley R. Arthur | 6 July 1992 | 1995 | Retired, 1995 | |
| 27 | ADM Joseph W. Prueher | April 1995 | 1996 | Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Command (1996–1999) Retired, 1999 U.S. Ambassador to China (1999–2001). | |
| 28 | ADM Jay L. Johnson | April 1996 | August 1996 | Chief of Naval Operations (1996–2000) Retired, 2000 | |
| 29 | ADM Harold W. Gehman, Jr. | September 1996 | September 1997 | Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic (1997–2000) Commander in Chief, U.S. Atlantic Command (1997–1999) Commander in Chief, U.S. Joint Forces Command (1999–2000) Retired, 2000 | |
| 30 | ADM Donald L. Pilling | October 1997 | October 2000 | Retired, 2000 | |
| 31 | ADM William J. Fallon | October 2000 | August 2003 | Commander, Fleet Forces Command/U.S. Atlantic Fleet (2003–2005) Commander, U.S. Pacific Command (2005–2007) Commander, U.S. Central Command (2007–2008) Retired, 2008 | |
| 32 | ADM Michael G. Mullen | August 2003 | August 2004 | Commander, U.S. Naval Forces Europe (2004–2005) Commander, Allied Joint Force Command Naples (2004–2005) Chief of Naval Operations (2005–2007) Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (2007–2011) Retired, 2011 | |
| 33 | ADM John B. Nathman | August 2004 | February 2005 | Commander, U.S. Fleet Forces Command (2005–2007) Retired, 2007 | |
| 34 | ADM Robert F. Willard | 18 March 2005 | 5 April 2007 | Commander, U.S. Pacific Fleet (2007–2009) Commander, U.S. Pacific Command (2009–2012) Retired, 2012 | |
| 35 | ADM Patrick M. Walsh | 5 April 2007 | 13 August 2009 | Commander, U.S. Pacific Fleet (2009–2012) Retired, 2012 | |
| 36 | ADM Jonathan W. Greenert | 13 August 2009 | 22 August 2011 | Chief of Naval Operations (2011–2015) Retired, 2015 | |
| 37 | ADM Mark E. Ferguson III | 22 August 2011 | 1 July 2014 | Commander, U.S. Naval Forces Europe (2014–2016) Commander, U.S. Naval Forces Africa (2014–2016) Commander, Allied Joint Force Command Naples (2014–2016) Retired, 2016 | |
| 38 | ADM Michelle J. Howard | 1 July 2014 | 31 May 2016 | Commander, U.S. Naval Forces Europe (2016–2017) Commander, U.S. Naval Forces Africa (2016–2017) Commander, Allied Joint Force Command Naples (2016–2017) Retired, 2017 | |
| 39 | ADM William F. Moran | 31 May 2016 | 10 June 2019 | Retired, 2019[4] | |
| 40 | ADM Robert P. Burke | 10 June 2019 | 29 May 2020 | Commander, United States Naval Forces Europe-Africa (2020–2022) Commander, Allied Joint Force Command Naples (2020–2022) Retired, 2022 | |
| 41 | ADM William K. Lescher | 29 May 2020 | 2 September 2022 | Retired, 2022 | |
| 42 | ADM Lisa M. Franchetti | 2 September 2022 | 2 November 2023 | Chief of Naval Operations (2023–present) | |
| 43 | ADM James W. Kilby | 5 January 2024 | Incumbent | ||
See also
edit- Under Secretary of the Navy
- Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy
- Vice Chief of Staff of the Army (U.S. Army counterpart)
- Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps (U.S. Marine Corps counterpart)
- Vice Chief of Staff of the Air Force (U.S. Air Force counterpart)
- Vice Chief of Space Operations (U.S. Space Force counterpart)
- Vice Commandant of the Coast Guard (U.S. Coast Guard counterpart)
References
edit- ^ "10 USC 5035. Vice Chief of Naval Operations". Retrieved 6 November 2007.
- ^ "Vice Chief of Naval Operations". Lists of Senior Officers and Civilian Officials of the US Navy. Naval History and Heritage Command. 22 June 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2019.
- ^ "James B. Busey, Admiral USN (Ret.), NA #5081" (PDF). Retrieved 30 January 2022.
- ^ Burns, Robert (7 July 2019). "Admiral to lead Navy instead will retire; bad judgment cited". La Crosse Tribune. Associated Press. Retrieved 8 July 2019.