List of scheduled monuments in Cheshire (1066–1539)

There are over two hundred scheduled monuments in Cheshire, a county in North West England, which date from the Neolithic period to the middle of the 20th century. This list includes the scheduled monuments in Cheshire between the years 1066 and 1539, the period accepted by Revealing Cheshire's Past^[1] as the medieval period.

A scheduled monument is a nationally important archaeological site or monument which is given legal protection by being placed on a list (or "schedule") by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport; English Heritage takes the leading role in identifying such sites. The current legislation supporting this is the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979. The term "monument" can apply to the whole range of archaeological sites, and they are not always visible above ground. Such sites have to have been deliberately constructed by human activity. They range from prehistoric standing stones and burial sites, through Roman remains and medieval structures such as castles and monasteries, to later structures such as industrial sites and buildings constructed for the World Wars or the Cold War.^[2]

At least 129 scheduled monuments, over half of the total in Cheshire, date from the medieval period. The most frequently found monuments are moats or moated sites, of which there are 55. These are followed by the remains of crosses, 15 of which are churchyard crosses and 11 are wayside crosses, and the remains of 12 castles. There are seven deserted villages, three boundary stones, and the remains of three abbeys, two holy wells, and two halls. There are individual remains of a lime kiln, a pottery kiln, a hospital, a former chapel, a monastic grange, a tomb, an ice house and a hunting lodge. Chester city walls, the Dee Bridge and Farndon Bridge are scheduled monuments which are largely intact and continue in use today.

During the medieval period, houses were built on moated sites partly for defensive purposes but also as a sign of prestige. Cheshire contains over 200 moated sites out of more than 6,000 in England. Crosses in churchyards were used for a variety of purposes, including sites for prayer and pilgrimage, and for public proclamations. Many of them were destroyed following the Reformation and some were converted into sundials by Catholic recusants to prevent their destruction. Other standing stones were part of wayside crosses acting as guides to local abbeys, or plague stones which were used for the transfer of money and items during periods of plague. Motte and bailey castles were introduced to Britain by the Normans and were used in Cheshire to defend its agricultural resources. In many cases the monuments consist only of earthworks or foundations, and where significant structural remains are present, they are often also listed buildings.^[1]

Name Remains Location Date Description Acton churchyard cross Stone structure Acton 53°04′25″N 2°33′05″W / 53.0736°N 2.5513°W / 53.0736; -2.5513 (Acton churchyard cross) Medieval The remains of a cross which consist of an octagonal shaft on three steps in St Mary's churchyard. In the late 17th century it was made into a sundial by the addition of a square cap with a ball finial. It is listed at Grade II.[3][4][5][6] Alderhedge Wood moat Moat Near Arley 53°19′03″N 2°28′29″W / 53.3174°N 2.4748°W / 53.3174; -2.4748 (Alderhedge Wood moat) Medieval A rectangular water-filled moat measuring about 54m x 55m with a fishpond and connecting channel.[7][8][9] Aldford Castle Earthworks Aldford 53°07′49″N 2°52′11″W / 53.1304°N 2.8698°W / 53.1304; -2.8698 (Aldford Castle) 12th century A former motte and bailey castle, probably built in the 12th century. Only earthworks remain; both the motte and the bailey are surrounded by dry ditches.[10][11][12][13] Ashton pottery kiln Excavation site Ashton Hayes 53°13′01″N 2°44′25″W / 53.2169°N 2.7404°W / 53.2169; -2.7404 (Ashton pottery kiln) 13th century A potter's kiln discovered in 1933 containing fragments of pottery, mainly jugs and pitchers, dating from the 13th to the 15th century. There are now no visible surface remains.[14][15][16] Astbury churchyard cross Stone structure Newbold Astbury 53°09′03″N 2°13′54″W / 53.1508°N 2.2316°W / 53.1508; -2.2316 (Astbury churchyard cross) Medieval The remains of a cross which consists of an octagonal gritstone base block standing on two octagonal steps in St Mary's churchyard. At a later date a sundial shaft was added. The structure is listed at Grade II.[17][18] Baddiley village Earthworks Baddiley 53°02′59″N 2°35′11″W / 53.0497°N 2.5863°W / 53.0497; -2.5863 (Baddiley village) Late Saxon and medieval A deserted settlement in a shallow valley to the east of Baddiley Hall. There are signs of at least nine houses and barns on either side of small stream, which is now culverted. The Shropshire Union Canal runs through the eastern part of the site.[19][20][21] Barrow churchyard cross Standing stone Barrow 53°12′33″N 2°47′45″W / 53.2093°N 2.7959°W / 53.2093; -2.7959 (Barrow churchyard cross) Early 15th century The remains of the cross consist of a square base of two steps and a tapering octagonal shaft. This was made into a sundial and it stands in the churchyard of St Bartholomew's. It is listed at Grade II.[22][23][24][25] Barrow Old Hall moated site Earthwork Great Sankey 53°24′05″N 2°39′38″W / 53.4013°N 2.6605°W / 53.4013; -2.6605 (Barrow Old Hall site) Medieval This originally contained a timber framed house dating back to at least 1330. Subsequently, occupied by newer houses, it is now empty, and consists of a platform surrounded by a moat which is water-filled in three sides with a bridge crossing the western arm. Partial excavations took place in 1986–87 and 1995.[26][27][28] Beeston Castle Castle ruins Beeston 53°07′41″N 2°41′31″W / 53.1280°N 2.6919°W / 53.1280; -2.6919 (Beeston Castle) 1220 and later A medieval castle built on a previous hillfort. Building started in the 1220s and it was occupied by Simon de Montfort in the Second Barons' War. It was extended in the 13th and 14th centuries but by the 16th century had become a ruin, although it was involved in the Civil War. The medieval ruins are listed at Grade I.[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] Belgrave moated site Earthworks Eaton 53°08′18″N 2°54′45″W / 53.1384°N 2.9126°W / 53.1384; -2.9126 (Belgrave moated site) Medieval Formerly a manor house with a moat which was flanked on three sides by a medieval garden. By the early 17th century it was part of the Eaton estate and used as coppice woodland.[39][40][41][42][43] Belmont moat Moat Great Budworth 53°18′06″N 2°30′57″W / 53.3016°N 2.5159°W / 53.3016; -2.5159 (Belmont moat) Medieval Formerly a grange of Norton Priory. Now consists of a water-filled moat enclosing a five-sided platform with a causeway on the west side.[44][45][46] Bewsey Old Hall moated site Moat, fishpond and building platform Burtonwood 53°24′05″N 2°37′02″W / 53.4014°N 2.6171°W / 53.4014; -2.6171 (Bewsey Old Hall moated site) Medieval Originally a grange, then a moated manor house. The moat, fishpond and the building platform are scheduled. Bewsey Old Hall stands on the platform.[47][48][49][50][51] Bostock Hall moat Earthworks Winsford 53°12′07″N 2°29′10″W / 53.2020°N 2.4862°W / 53.2020; -2.4862 (Bostock Hall moat) Medieval A rectangular waterlogged moat with an overgrown platform and a causeway.[52][53][54] Bradlegh Old Hall moated site Moated site, gatehouse and fishpond Burtonwood 53°26′24″N 2°38′47″W / 53.4399°N 2.6463°W / 53.4399; -2.6463 (Bradlegh Old Hall moated site) Medieval A 15th-century moated hall. The moat, the fortified gatehouse and a fishpond remain. A later farmhouse now stands on the platform.[55][56][57] Bradley Green Earthworks Bradley 53°00′31″N 2°44′19″W / 53.0086°N 2.7386°W / 53.0086; -2.7386 (Bradley Green) Medieval A medieval village now deserted. Aerial photography has shown small house platforms and a former road.[58][59][60] Bradley Hall moated site Earthworks Appleton, Warrington 53°21′23″N 2°31′00″W / 53.3565°N 2.5166°W / 53.3565; -2.5166 (Bradley Hall moated site) Medieval A former moated manor house. Most of the platform is now occupied by a more modern farmhouse and garden.[61][62][63] Bruera churchyard cross Stone structure Bruera 53°08′21″N 2°50′31″W / 53.1392°N 2.8419°W / 53.1392; -2.8419 (Bruera churchyard cross) Medieval This consists of the base and part of the shaft of a former standing cross, later converted into a sundial in churchyard of St Mary's Church.[64][65][66][67] Bruera moat and field system Earthworks Buerton 53°08′22″N 2°50′33″W / 53.1395°N 2.8425°W / 53.1395; -2.8425 (Bruera moat and field system) Medieval A former moated manor house surrounded by an enclosure which is subdivided into smaller enclosures forming a field system.[68][69][70][71] Capesthorne Hall and chapel Earthworks Siddington 53°14′59″N 2°14′12″W / 53.2497°N 2.2367°W / 53.2497; -2.2367 (Capesthorne Hall and chapel) Medieval The platform of the former chapel is marked by a 20th-century memorial pillar. To the southeast are earthworks remaining from the old hall.[72][73][74][75] Castle Cob motte Earthworks Manley 53°15′21″N 2°41′59″W / 53.2558°N 2.6998°W / 53.2558; -2.6998 (Castle Cob motte) Medieval A steep-sided motte with no signs of a bailey, 23m in diameter and 2.8m high. An excavation found only black soil.[76][77][78] Castle Hill Earthworks Malpas 53°01′12″N 2°46′02″W / 53.0200°N 2.7672°W / 53.0200; -2.7672 (Castle Hill) Medieval A mound which formerly held the keep of the castle of the Barons of Malpas. There is no sign of a bailey or a ditch. The church of St Oswald lies within the castle precinct.[79][80][81] Castle Hill system Earthworks Oldcastle 52°59′30″N 2°47′37″W / 52.9918°N 2.7935°W / 52.9918; -2.7935 (Castle Hill system) Medieval Tree-felling in 1957 on a spur overlooking Wych Brook revealed a motte with a defensive ditch system on the England-Wales border.[82][83][84] Castletown deserted village Earthworks Shocklach 53°03′21″N 2°50′15″W / 53.0558°N 2.8376°W / 53.0558; -2.8376 (Castletown deserted village) Medieval A series of earthworks indicating a deserted village.[85][86][87] Cheersgreen Farm dam and millpond Earthwork and pond Peover Superior 53°15′32″N 2°22′18″W / 53.2590°N 2.3718°W / 53.2590; -2.3718 (Cheersgreen Farm dam and millpond) Mid 15th century The pool was abandoned around 1750 and reinstated in 1977.[88][89][90] Chester city walls City walls Chester 53°11′32″N 2°53′21″W / 53.1923°N 2.8891°W / 53.1923; -2.8891 (Chester city walls) Roman and medieval These consist of an almost complete circuit round the city, 2 miles (3 km) long, including four gates and several towers linked by a red sandstone wall. The north and east walls follow the Roman foundations, while the south and west walls were extended in the medieval period.[91][92][93][94] Chorley Old Hall moat and fishponds Moat and fishponds Alderley Edge 53°17′58″N 2°14′43″W / 53.2994°N 2.2453°W / 53.2994; -2.2453 (Chorley Old Hall moat and fishponds) Medieval The moated site and three associated fishponds are scheduled. The site contains a house in two ranges, one built about 1330 and the other in the mid-16th century.[95][96][97] Cranshaw Hall moated site Earthworks Widnes 53°23′37″N 2°43′38″W / 53.3936°N 2.7272°W / 53.3936; -2.7272 (Chorley Old Hall moat and fishponds) Medieval The site is mainly covered by newer buildings but the west arm of the moat can be traced on the lawn.[98][99][100] Darley Hall moated site Earthworks Little Budworth 53°10′26″N 2°35′21″W / 53.1740°N 2.5893°W / 53.1740; -2.5893 (Darley Hall moated site) Medieval A rectangular moated platform formerly occupied by Darley Old Hall. The moat is waterlogged and in good condition on three sides. There is now no evidence of a previously recorded drawbridge.[101][102][103][104] Dee Bridge Bridge Chester 53°11′08″N 2°53′19″W / 53.1855°N 2.8887°W / 53.1855; -2.8887 (Dee Bridge) 14th century A sandstone bridge of seven arches crossing the River Dee. It was widened in 1826 and is a Grade I listed building.[105][106][107] Denhall hospital and limekiln Earthworks and ruined walls Neston 53°15′54″N 3°02′55″W / 53.2651°N 3.0486°W / 53.2651; -3.0486 (Denhall hospital and limekiln) c. 1231–34 Site of St Andrew's Hospital, a monastic hospital for travellers to Ireland; dissolved in 1496. Later occupied by a parsonage which was demolished in 1738. Now consists of earthworks and parts of ruined buildings; also present are the remains of a limekiln.[108][109][110][111] Dodleston Castle Earthworks Dodleston 53°08′28″N 2°57′23″W / 53.1411°N 2.9563°W / 53.1411; -2.9563 (Dodleston Castle) Medieval The flat-topped motte is 3.3m high and the bailey is well-defined.[112][113][114] Dodleston Hall moated site Moat Dodleston 53°08′48″N 2°57′21″W / 53.1467°N 2.9559°W / 53.1467; -2.9559 (Dodleston Hall moated site) Medieval A moated site formerly occupied by Dodleston Hall. The moat is almost complete other than the southeast corner which is covered by buildings.[115][116][117] Drakelow Hall moated site Moat and fishponds Byley 53°13′38″N 2°26′39″W / 53.2273°N 2.4443°W / 53.2273; -2.4443 (Drakelow Hall moated site) Medieval A rectangular moat with a further moated site to the southwest and four fishponds to the northwest.[118][119][120] Eccleston motte Earthworks Eccleston 53°09′30″N 2°52′48″W / 53.1584°N 2.8800°W / 53.1584; -2.8800 (Eccleston motte) Medieval (probable) An oval mound scheduled as a motte; it is partly surrounded by a ditch and banks.[121][122][123] Edleston moated site Earthworks Edleston 53°03′10″N 2°32′29″W / 53.0529°N 2.5415°W / 53.0529; -2.5415 (Edleston moated site) Medieval A rectangular platform 50m x 30m surrounded by a dry moat with a ditch to the west and south.[124][125][126] Elton moated site Earthworks Elton 53°16′03″N 2°49′05″W / 53.2675°N 2.8181°W / 53.2675; -2.8181 (Elton moated site) Medieval An almost square moat with a causeway across the north arm and a channel at the northwest corner leading to a fishpond.[127][128][129] Farndon Bridge Bridge Farndon 53°05′01″N 2°52′47″W / 53.0836°N 2.8798°W / 53.0836; -2.8798 (Farndon Bridge) c. 1345 A bridge crossing the River Dee and the England-Wales border leading from Farndon to Holt. It is listed at Grade I.[130][131][132][133] Farnworth churchyard cross Stone structure Farnworth, Widnes 53°23′03″N 2°43′39″W / 53.3842°N 2.7275°W / 53.3842; -2.7275 (Farnworth churchyard cross) Medieval This consists of a medieval base and plinth with a 19th-century shaft in St Luke's churchyard.[134][135][136] Fir Tree Farm moated site Earthworks Chester 53°09′54″N 2°54′34″W / 53.1651°N 2.9094°W / 53.1651; -2.9094 (Fir Tree Farm moated site) Medieval This consists of a dry moat enclosing an area 15m wide with a bank and ditch in the west and south.[137][138][139] Foulk Stapleford moated site Earthworks Foulk Stapleford 53°10′17″N 2°46′20″W / 53.1714°N 2.7723°W / 53.1714; -2.7723 (Foulk Stapleford moated site) Medieval A square moat with rounded corners; River Gowy is to the west and a disused mill race to the east.[140][141][142] Foxtwist moated site Earthworks Prestbury 53°18′55″N 2°09′25″W / 53.3152°N 2.1570°W / 53.3152; -2.1570 (Foxtwist moated site) Medieval The remains of a deep inner moat that enclosed a raised platform which is accessed by a causeway.[143][144][145] Gawsworth churchyard cross Stone structure Gawsworth 53°13′26″N 2°09′58″W / 53.2240°N 2.1660°W / 53.2240; -2.1660 (Gawsworth churchyard cross) 15th century This consists of a square cross-base and an octagonal shaft on a stepped plinth in the churchyard of St James'. There are carvings of beasts at the corners of the plinth. It is listed at Grade II.[146][147][148][149] Gawsworth roadside cross Stone structure Gawsworth 53°13′52″N 2°10′08″W / 53.2310°N 2.1688°W / 53.2310; -2.1688 (Gawsworth roadside cross) Medieval This consists of a plinth of dressed gritstone blocks rising to two steps, which is surmounted by a gritstone block cut into two steps with a fragment of shaft. It was the base for a preaching cross.[150][151][152] Glaziers Hollow Glass works Delamere Forest 53°14′47″N 2°42′03″W / 53.2464°N 2.7007°W / 53.2464; -2.7007 (Glaziers Hollow) 15th–16th century The probable site of a medieval wood-burning glass furnace which was discovered in 1933. It was excavated in 1933–35 and again in 1947.[153][154][155] Golden Stone Boulder Nether Alderley Over Alderley 53°17′39″N 2°12′25″W / 53.2942°N 2.2069°W / 53.2942; -2.2069 (Golden Stone boundary marker) Medieval A large boulder which acted as a boundary marker between the estates of the Stanley and De Trafford families.[156][157][158] Grafton Earthworks Grafton 53°03′23″N 2°49′27″W / 53.0563°N 2.8243°W / 53.0563; -2.8243 (Grafton) Medieval Evidence of several ditched enclosures shown by aerial photography which are overlain by an ornamental moat. These probably represent a deserted village.[159][160][161][162] Great Merestone Boulder Finlow Hill 53°17′05″N 2°12′39″W / 53.2847°N 2.2107°W / 53.2847; -2.2107 (Great Merestone) Medieval A stone 1.3m in diameter and 0.4m high marking the boundary between Nether Alderley and Over Alderley.[163][164][165] Hall Bank moated site Earthworks Wybunbury 53°02′42″N 2°26′41″W / 53.0451°N 2.4448°W / 53.0451; -2.4448 (Hall Bank moated site) Medieval Earthworks of a square moat and a causeway leading towards the church.[166][167][168] Halton Castle Ruined castle Halton 53°19′59″N 2°41′45″W / 53.3331°N 2.6957°W / 53.3331; -2.6957 (Halton Castle) c. 1070 and later Ruins of a castle which was involved in the Civil War and then partly demolished, scheduled and listed at Grade I.[169][170][171][172][173][174] Harthill Bank Castle Earthworks Oakmere 53°14′32″N 2°39′04″W / 53.2423°N 2.6511°W / 53.2423; -2.6511 (Harthill Bank Castle) Medieval An earthwork which is scheduled as a motte and bailey.[175][176][177] Hatton Hall moated site Earthwork Hatton 53°08′38″N 2°47′27″W / 53.1440°N 2.7907°W / 53.1440; -2.7907 (Hatton Hall moated site) Medieval A square moat, largely water-logged, which formerly enclosed Hatton Hall.[178][179][180][181] Haycroft medieval village Earthworks Spurstow 53°06′39″N 2°39′58″W / 53.1108°N 2.6660°W / 53.1108; -2.6660 (Haycroft medieval village) Medieval Aerial photography has revealed evidence of a medieval village and a field system.[182][183][184] Headless Cross Stone Oakmere 53°12′24″N 2°37′31″W / 53.2066°N 2.6252°W / 53.2066; -2.6252 (Headless Cross) Medieval This consists of the stone socket for a cross. The shaft is missing.[185][186][187] Holford Hall moated site Earthworks Plumley 53°16′30″N 2°26′16″W / 53.2751°N 2.4377°W / 53.2751; -2.4377 (Holford Hall moated site) Medieval An almost complete waterlogged moat accessed by a stone bridge and a causeway. The platform is occupied by a 17th-century farmhouse.[188][189][190] Hough Hall moated site Earthworks Mere 53°20′47″N 2°25′10″W / 53.3464°N 2.4195°W / 53.3464; -2.4195 (Hough Hall moated site) Medieval A platform surrounded by a dry moat, with two small fishponds and a dam.[191][192][193] Hulme Hall moated site Moat Allostock 53°14′52″N 2°24′50″W / 53.2478°N 2.4139°W / 53.2478; -2.4139 (Hulme Hall moated site) Medieval The moat and the ground beneath the bridge and the hall are scheduled.[194][195][196] Huntington Hall moated site Earthworks Huntington 53°09′54″N 2°52′09″W / 53.1651°N 2.8692°W / 53.1651; -2.8692 (Huntington Hall)) Medieval Site of moated manor house.[197][198] Huntington Hall moated site (south) Earthworks Huntington 53°09′07″N 2°51′16″W / 53.1520°N 2.8545°W / 53.1520; -2.8545 (Huntington Hall (south)) Medieval A square platform surrounded by a bank.[199][200] Iddinshall moat Moat Tarporley 53°09′34″N 2°41′52″W / 53.1594°N 2.6979°W / 53.1594; -2.6979 (Iddinshall moat) Medieval A large moat, now dry, surrounding an area of 4 acres (1.6 ha) on which Iddinshall Hall stood.[201][202][203] Ince Manor Buildings and earthworks Ince 53°16′59″N 2°49′38″W / 53.2830°N 2.8271°W / 53.2830; -2.8271 (Ince Manor) 13th–14th century Formerly a monastic grange. There are also earthworks from a possible moat and a fishpool and portions of a boundary wall. The former hall and domestic range were restored in the 2000s. The hall is listed at Grade I.[204][205][206][207][208][209][210][211][212][213] Jarman Farm moated site Earthworks Sutton Lane Ends 53°14′27″N 2°06′19″W / 53.2407°N 2.1053°W / 53.2407; -2.1053 (Jarman Farm moated site) Medieval A curving ditched enclosure comprising one-third of a former moat. It is the only circular medieval moated site in Cheshire.[214][215][216] Kinderton Hall moat and fishponds Earthworks Kinderton 53°11′58″N 2°26′21″W / 53.1995°N 2.4392°W / 53.1995; -2.4392 (Kinderton Hall moat) Medieval Earthworks of a former moat and fishponds.[217][218][219] Knutsford chapel Stone slabs Knutsford 53°18′19″N 2°21′10″W / 53.3053°N 2.3529°W / 53.3053; -2.3529 (Knutsford chapel) Early 14th century A chapel originally dedicated to St Helena, later to St John, stood on the site and was demolished in 1741.[220][221][222] Lea Hall moat Moat Near Aldford 53°07′26″N 2°51′01″W / 53.1239°N 2.8503°W / 53.1239; -2.8503 (Lea Hall moat) Medieval A moated site 52m x 43m formerly containing Lea Hall, the middle arm of which has been filled in.[223][224][225] Little Moreton Hall Building, moat and garden Odd Rode 53°07′38″N 2°15′08″W / 53.1271°N 2.2522°W / 53.1271; -2.2522 (Little Moreton Hall) 15th century The moated site of a manor house and the remains of an Elizabethan formal garden. The timber framed hall on the site is listed at Grade I.[226][227][228][229][230][231] Longstone Stone structure Little Budworth 53°12′17″N 2°36′58″W / 53.2047°N 2.6160°W / 53.2047; -2.6160 (Longstone) Medieval Part of a medieval cross shaft set on modern base at a junction of a road leading to Vale Royal Abbey. It is listed at Grade II.[232][233][234][235] Longstone Lane wayside cross Stone Little Budworth 53°12′20″N 2°37′13″W / 53.2055°N 2.6203°W / 53.2055; -2.6203 (Longstone Lane wayside cross) Medieval It consists of a square stone with a hollowed top on a 19th-century plinth, thought to have been a wayside cross and also a plague stone. It is listed at Grade II.[236][237][238] Lovel's Hall moated site Earthworks Halebank 53°21′27″N 2°47′05″W / 53.3574°N 2.7846°W / 53.3574; -2.7846 (Lovel's Hall moated site) Medieval A square moated platform with a dry ditch formerly occupied by Lovel's Hall.[239][240][241] Lower Huxley Hall moated site Moat and platform Huxley 53°09′18″N 2°45′09″W / 53.1551°N 2.7524°W / 53.1551; -2.7524 (Lower Huxley Hall moated site) Medieval A water-filled moat. partly lined with sandstone, with a platform now occupied by the 15th-century Lower Huxley Hall and its gardens.[242][243][244] Lymm Hall moat and ice house Earthworks Lymm 53°22′45″N 2°28′33″W / 53.3793°N 2.4759°W / 53.3793; -2.4759 (Lymm Hall moat and ice house) Medieval Site of a moated medieval manor house with its ice house on a mound to the west. A later house has been built on the moated platform and a modern summer house on the site of the ice house.[245][246][247][248] Maiden's Cross Stone Alvanley 53°15′24″N 2°43′46″W / 53.2568°N 2.7294°W / 53.2568; -2.7294 (Maiden's Cross) Medieval A trapezoidal piece of sandstone with a chamber on the front face. Possibly the base of a wayside cross or a plague cross. It is listed at Grade II.[249][250][251][252] Malpas Cross Stone structure Malpas 53°01′12″N 2°45′56″W / 53.0201°N 2.7655°W / 53.0201; -2.7655 (Malpas Cross) Medieval The cross has a medieval octagonal base of seven steps. The rest of the cross was added in 1873. It is listed at Grade II.[253][254][255][256] Marton churchyard cross Standing stone Marton 53°12′31″N 2°13′32″W / 53.2087°N 2.2255°W / 53.2087; -2.2255 (Marton churchyard cross) Medieval This consists of the broken shaft of a cross on a stepped plinth in the churchyard of St James and St Paul. It is listed at Grade II. The rest of the shaft is inside the church.[257][258][259][260] Marton Grange moated site Earthworks Marton 53°12′13″N 2°33′58″W / 53.2036°N 2.5662°W / 53.2036; -2.5662 (Marton Grange moated site) Medieval A moated site which contained a monastic grange which is accessed by a bridge with associated fishponds. The site includes the mutilated socket stone of a sandstone cross.[261][262][263][264] Merricks Hill chamber Foundations Delamere 53°13′06″N 2°40′08″W / 53.2183°N 2.6688°W / 53.2183; -2.6688 (Merricks Hill chamber) c. 1354 The foundations of a hunting lodge and administrative centre for the Royal Forest of Delamere on Eddisbury Hill.[265][266][267] Middleton Grange moated site Earthworks Aston 53°17′18″N 2°40′03″W / 53.2883°N 2.6674°W / 53.2883; -2.6674 (Middleton Grange moated site) Medieval A moated site with eight fishponds and connecting channels. It was originally a monastic grange and later the site of Middleton Hall and a chapel.[268][269][270] Mill Hill House Farm moat Moat Eccleston 53°09′24″N 2°53′51″W / 53.1567°N 2.8974°W / 53.1567; -2.8974 (Mill Hill House Farm moat) Medieval A square moat about 80m across, grass-covered and normally dry.[271][272] Minshull Vernon moated site Earthworks Minshull Vernon 53°08′20″N 2°27′58″W / 53.1389°N 2.4662°W / 53.1389; -2.4662 (Minshull Vernon moated site) Medieval A complete double moat, the external moat being dry and the inner one water-filled. A dry fishpond connects to the outer moat.[273][274][275] Mobberley churchyard cross Stone structure Mobberley 53°19′06″N 2°18′58″W / 53.3183°N 2.3161°W / 53.3183; -2.3161 (Mobberley churchyard cross) Medieval This consists of a stone cross base and part of cross shaft in the churchyard of St Wilfrid's. It is listed at Grade II.[276][277][278][279] Monks Lane moated site Moat and platform Acton 53°04′27″N 2°33′18″W / 53.0743°N 2.5549°W / 53.0743; -2.5549 (Monks Lane moated site) Medieval Square platform 10m wide surrounded by a water-filled moat.[280][281][282] Nether Alderley churchyard cross Stone structure Nether Alderley 53°16′54″N 2°14′20″W / 53.2818°N 2.2390°W / 53.2818; -2.2390 (Nether Alderley churchyard cross) Medieval The base is square below and shaped to octagonal above into which a rectangular shaft is set. It stands in St Mary's churchyard and is listed at Grade II.[283][284][285][286] Nether Alderley village cross Stone structure Nether Alderley 53°17′21″N 2°14′10″W / 53.2891°N 2.2362°W / 53.2891; -2.2362 (Nether Alderley village cross) Medieval Built in buff and red sandstone, this consists of a massive square base on which are three steps and a cube-shaped block. Into this is set a broken rectangular shaft. It is listed at Grade II.[287][288][289][290] New Manor Farm moated site Earthworks Preston Brook 53°19′08″N 2°37′52″W / 53.3188°N 2.6311°W / 53.3188; -2.6311 (New Manor Farm moated site) Medieval A rectangular platform surrounded by a water-filled moat on which is a modern farmhouse.[291][292][293] Norbury Booths Hall moated site Moat and earthworks Knutsford 53°17′53″N 2°20′48″W / 53.2981°N 2.3467°W / 53.2981; -2.3467 (Norbury Booths Hall moated site) Medieval The largest moat in Cheshire, partly water-filled. A stone chamber outside the moat, which was formerly a cess-pit, is linked by a stone-lined culvert.[294][295][296] Norton Priory Ruined abbey Norton, Runcorn 53°20′33″N 2°40′46″W / 53.3424°N 2.6795°W / 53.3424; -2.6795 (Norton Priory) 12th century and later A former Augustinian abbey. After the Dissolution of the Monasteries this was converted into a Tudor, then a Georgian house. This house was demolished in 1928 and the ruins, which are listed at Grade I, now form the basis for a museum.[297][298][299][300][301][302] Old Hall Heys moated site Earthworks Hampton Heath 53°02′14″N 2°45′22″W / 53.037166°N 2.755984°W / 53.037166; -2.755984 (Old Hall Heys moated site) Medieval A dry rectangular moat from 10–12m wide, enclosing an island 38m x 43m.[303][304][305] Overton Earthworks Overton 53°01′46″N 2°47′14″W / 53.0294°N 2.7872°W / 53.0294; -2.7872 (Overton) Medieval and post-medieval Earthworks of platforms for buildings, hollow ways and the remains of ridge and furrow cultivation indicate a deserted village.[306][307][308] Peel Hall moated site Moated site Kingsley 53°16′29″N 2°41′27″W / 53.2747°N 2.6907°W / 53.2747; -2.6907 (Peel Hall moated site) Medieval This consists of a water-filled moat which is lined with a stone wall. The house burnt down in the 1660s and an 1840 house now occupies the platform.[309][310][311] Peover Superior churchyard cross Stone structure Peover Superior 53°15′29″N 2°20′35″W / 53.2581°N 2.3431°W / 53.2581; -2.3431 (Peover Superior churchyard cross) Medieval The cross base is square rising to octagonal and the shaft was added in 1907. It stands in St Lawrence's churchyard and is listed at Grade II. Part of the shaft of the cross is used elsewhere in the churchyard to support a sundial and is also listed at Grade II.[312][313][314][315][316][317] Pott Shrigley churchyard cross Stone Pott Shrigley 53°18′35″N 2°05′06″W / 53.3098°N 2.0851°W / 53.3098; -2.0851 (Pott Shrigley churchyard cross) Medieval The base of the cross consists of two stepped stones, which are probably medieval, in the churchyard of St Christopher's. The shaft and cross were added later. It is listed at Grade II.[318][319][320][321] Prestbury Road cross Standing stone Near Macclesfield 53°16′22″N 2°09′19″W / 53.2728°N 2.1553°W / 53.2728; -2.1553 (Prestbury Road cross) 11th century A former parish boundary cross which consists of a pillar in buff sandstone with a broken top. It is listed at Grade II.[322][323][324][325] Pulford Castle Earthworks Pulford 53°07′18″N 2°56′06″W / 53.1217°N 2.9349°W / 53.1217; -2.9349 (Pulford Castle) 11th century The remains consist of a mound with an encircling earthwork.[326][327][328][329][330] Reaseheath moated site Earthworks Worleston 53°05′02″N 2°31′22″W / 53.0840°N 2.5228°W / 53.0840; -2.5228 (Reaseheath moated site) Medieval An enclosure surrounded by a rectangular moat measuring 53m x 43m which is now dry; the southern arm has been destroyed.[331][332] [333] Ridge Hall moated site Moat and channels Sutton, Macclesfield 53°14′06″N 2°05′53″W / 53.2350°N 2.0980°W / 53.2350; -2.0980 (Ridge Hall moated site) Medieval A dry rectangular moat with associated channels. It is the only Cheshire moat on a hillside and is the highest in the county.[334][335][336] Rixton Hall moat Moat Near Hollins Green 53°24′01″N 2°28′38″W / 53.4004°N 2.4773°W / 53.4004; -2.4773 (Rixton Hall moat) Medieval A water-filled moat. The present hall lies to the south.[337][338][339] Rushton Hall moated site Earthworks Eaton, Rushton 53°09′49″N 2°37′52″W / 53.1635°N 2.6312°W / 53.1635; -2.6312 (Rushton Hall moated site) Medieval A rectangular moated site with no sign of a building on the platform. Adjacent is another moat which was probably a fishpond.[340][341][342] Saddlebole boundary marker Stone Nether Alderley Over Alderley 53°17′58″N 2°12′39″W / 53.2995°N 2.2109°W / 53.2995; -2.2109 (Saddlebole boundary marker) Medieval A stone marking the boundary between Nether Alderley and Over Alderley.[343][344][345] Salterswall wayside cross Stone Winsford 53°11′55″N 2°33′33″W / 53.1986°N 2.5593°W / 53.1986; -2.5593 (Salterswall wayside cross) Medieval This consists of a square sandstone block with a hollow in its top. It is sited at a road junction and was probably the base for a cross.[346][347][348] Sandbach churchyard cross Stone structure Sandbach 53°08′36″N 2°21′40″W / 53.1434°N 2.3611°W / 53.1434; -2.3611 (Sandbach churchyard cross) Medieval The base is a massive piece of gritstone formed into two steps. On this is part of the shaft which is rectangular at the bottom, rising to octagonal. It stands in St Mary's churchyard.[349][350][351] Shocklach Castle Earthworks Shocklach 53°03′07″N 2°50′42″W / 53.0519°N 2.8449°W / 53.0519; -2.8449 (Shocklach Castle) Medieval This consists of a motte 4–5m high, and a D-shaped moated enclosure.[352][353][354] Shotwick Castle Earthworks Saughall 53°13′37″N 2°58′33″W / 53.2270°N 2.9758°W / 53.2270; -2.9758 (Shotwick Castle) Medieval The earthworks consist of a mound, the remains of the motte, surrounded by a ditch with the bailey to the southeast.[355][356][357] Shotwick Hall moated site Moat and island Shotwick 53°14′28″N 2°59′48″W / 53.2412°N 2.9966°W / 53.2412; -2.9966 (Shotwick Hall moated site) Medieval This consists of a moat which is mainly silted up surrounding an island about 25m x 32m which now contains a coppice.[358][359][360] Southley Manor moated site Earthworks Alpraham 53°07′43″N 2°37′40″W / 53.1286°N 2.6279°W / 53.1286; -2.6279 (Southley Manor moated site) Medieval This consists of two moated platforms with associated field systems.[361][362][363] Stanlow Abbey Stone walls Stanlow Point 53°17′24″N 2°51′33″W / 53.2900°N 2.8591°W / 53.2900; -2.8591 (Stanlow Abbey) 1178 A Cistercian monastery which moved to Whalley Abbey in 1296, the site becoming a monastic grange. Some walls and foundations are still present.[364][365][366][367][368] Stoak churchyard cross Stone structure Stoak 53°15′13″N 2°51′56″W / 53.2535°N 2.8655°W / 53.2535; -2.8655 (Stoak churchyard cross) Medieval This consists of a massive square block of local sandstone with the lower part of a shaft which has been made into a sundial. It stands in St Lawrence's churchyard and is listed at Grade II.[369][370][371][372] St Oswald's well Well chamber Winwick 53°26′32″N 2°35′33″W / 53.4421°N 2.5925°W / 53.4421; -2.5925 (St Oswald's well) Medieval The holy well is lined with stones and contains steps; it is overgrown and covered by a stone slab.[373][374][375] St Winefride's well Well head and drain channel Clutton 53°05′30″N 2°47′15″W / 53.0918°N 2.7874°W / 53.0918; -2.7874 (St Winefride's well) Medieval The holy well consists of a stone wellhead and drainage channel.[376][377][378] Swineyard Hall moat Moat Near High Legh 53°21′01″N 2°29′07″W / 53.3503°N 2.4852°W / 53.3503; -2.4852 (Swineyard Hall moat) Medieval Three sides of the moat are preserved as a stone-lined ornamental pond. A 16th-century hall stands on the platform.[379][380][381] Sutton End Farm cross Stone Sutton, Macclesfield 53°13′13″N 2°04′03″W / 53.2203°N 2.0676°W / 53.2203; -2.0676 (Sutton End Farm cross) Medieval A sandstone block which was a waymarker. It is listed at Grade II.[382][383][384][385] Tabley Old Hall Derelict house on moated site Tabley Inferior 53°17′33″N 2°25′18″W / 53.2926°N 2.4218°W / 53.2926; -2.4218 (Tabley Old Hall) c. 1380 and later This consists of the remains of a house built in 1380, and subsequently extended, which used to contain a timber-framed hall. It partly collapsed in 1927 and was abandoned leaving a shell of the building which is listed at Grade II*.[386][387][388][389][390] Tarporley churchyard cross Stone structure Tarporley 53°09′28″N 2°40′09″W / 53.1579°N 2.6691°W / 53.1579; -2.6691 (Tarporley churchyard cross) Medieval This consists of a square base of red sandstone and a shaft of yellow sandstone which stands in St Helen's churchyard. It is listed at Grade II.[391][392][393][394] Tatton settlement, old hall and mill dam Earthworks Tatton Park 53°19′41″N 2°22′02″W / 53.3280°N 2.3673°W / 53.3280; -2.3673 (Tatton settlement, old hall and mill dam) Late Neolithic, Saxon, and medieval A former village occupied in the late Neolithic, Saxon and medieval periods. Now deserted and only earthworks remain. Includes the ground beneath Tatton Old Hall.[395][396][397][398][399][400][401][402][403] Tilston churchyard cross Stone structure Tilston 53°02′59″N 2°48′40″W / 53.0497°N 2.8110°W / 53.0497; -2.8110 (Tilston churchyard cross) Medieval This consists of a two steps with an octagonal base supporting an octagonal shaft. It stands in St Mary's churchyard.[404][405][406] Toothill enclosure Earthworks Macclesfield Forest 53°14′43″N 2°02′38″W / 53.2454°N 2.0440°W / 53.2454; -2.0440 (Toothill enclosure) Medieval A quadrilateral enclosure whose purpose is uncertain.[407][408][409] Upton Grange moat Moat Upton 53°12′59″N 2°51′50″W / 53.2163°N 2.8640°W / 53.2163; -2.8640 (Upton Grange moat) Medieval A dry moat to the east of Upton Grange.[410][411][412] Vale Royal Abbey Buildings, foundations Vale Royal 53°13′29″N 2°32′32″W / 53.2247°N 2.5423°W / 53.2247; -2.5423 (Vale Royal Abbey) Medieval The largest Cistercian church in England which was demolished after the Reformation and replaced by a mansion.[413][414][415][416][417][418][419][420][421] Venables' tomb Canopied tomb Newbold Astbury 53°09′02″N 2°13′53″W / 53.1505°N 2.2315°W / 53.1505; -2.2315 (Venables' tomb) Late 13th century A canopied tomb in the churchyard of St Mary's. It is listed at Grade II*, and is a scheduled monument.[422][423][424][425] Warmingham churchyard cross Stone structure Warmingham 53°08′45″N 2°26′11″W / 53.1459°N 2.4364°W / 53.1459; -2.4364 (Warmingham churchyard cross) c. 1298 A cross base of three steps and a socket stone to which a later shaft has been added. It stands in St Leonard's churchyard and is a Grade II listed building.[426][427][428] Wervin chapel Ruined building Wervin 53°14′25″N 2°52′16″W / 53.2403°N 2.8711°W / 53.2403; -2.8711 (Wervin chapel) 13th century or earlier Ruins of a chapel.[429][430][431] Wood Farm moated site Earthworks Woolstanwood 53°05′58″N 2°29′41″W / 53.0995°N 2.4947°W / 53.0995; -2.4947 (Wood Farm moated site) Medieval The moat was trapezoidal in shape and it enclosed a platform 90m square.[432][433][434] Woodhey wayside cross Stone structure Faddiley 53°04′10″N 2°37′56″W / 53.0694°N 2.6323°W / 53.0694; -2.6323 (Woodhey wayside cross) Medieval The remains of medieval wayside cross at the junction of four lanes which consist of a square section of a shaft standing on a socket stone on a number of pieces of stone from a later date. It is listed at Grade II*.[435][436][437][438] Wybunbury moated site Moat Wybunbury 53°02′33″N 2°26′45″W / 53.0426°N 2.4457°W / 53.0426; -2.4457 (Wybunbury moated site) Medieval A moat surrounding a platform 40m square with outlet channels, a causeway and a nearby fishpond.[439][440][441]