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The Bacalaureat (or bac for short) is an exam held in Romania when one graduates high school (Romanian: liceu).
Romania
editHistory
editThe Romanian Baccalaureate has evolved over time. In 2010 they removed physical education from the subject to be chosen list.
Present
editUnlike the French Baccalaureate, the Romanian one has a single degree. The subjects (except subject A) depend on the profile studied (Romanian: profil de studiu): mathematics and computer science (Romanian: matematică-informatică), philology (Romanian: filologie), natural sciences (Romanian: științe ale naturii), social sciences (Romanian: științe sociale), or various other vocational tracks (Romanian: filiera vocaţională), and the candidate's choice.
The exam covers the whole high school curriculum and the marking scale is between 1 and 10. In order to pass, students must obtain at least 5.00 in every subject with a minimum of 6.00 overall. All the graduates in the country take the exam at the same time. The subjects vary from profile to profile.
Subjects
editThe baccalaureate has up to 5 modules, each one graded separately. Module E, the written examination, is the one considered for admission to higher education.
Competence exams
editA, B and D are marked with: Beginner, Average, Advanced and Experienced.
- A: Romanian language - oral examination.
- B: Maternal Language - if different from Romanian, and if studied; oral examination.
- C: foreign language - oral and written examination; graded on the CEFR scale, from A1 to B2.
- D: computer skills.
Written exams
editEach exam takes three hours.
- E)a): Romanian Language and Literature.
- E)b): Maternal Language and Literature - if different from Romanian, and if studied.
- E)c): compulsory subject (of the profile).
- E)d): subject to be chosen (of the profile).
| Profile | c) Subject | d) Subject |
|---|---|---|
| Theoretical: Sciences | Mathematics(M1) | Computer Science (C/C++ or Pascal), Physics, Biology (Botany and Zoology/ Human Anatomy and Physiology. Genetics and Ecology), or Chemistry (Organic/Inorganic) |
| Theoretical: Humanities | History | Geography, Logic, Psychology, Economics, Sociology, Philosophy |
| Technological: Technical | Mathematics(M2) | Physics, Biology (Botany and Zoology/ Human Anatomy and Physiology. Genetics and Ecology), or Chemistry (Organic/Inorganic) |
| Technological: Services | Mathematics(M2) | Geography, Logic, Psychology, Economics, Philosophy |
| Vocational: Pedagogy | Mathematics(M3) | Geography, Logic, Psychology, Economics, Philosophy |
| Vocational: Military | Mathematics(M1) | Computer Science (C/C++ or Pascal), Physics, Biology (Botany and Zoology/ Human Anatomy and Physiology. Genetics and Ecology), or Chemistry (Organic/Inorganic) |
| Vocational: Other | History | Geography, Logic, Psychology, Economics, Philosophy |
M1,M2 and M3 are gradings for the amount of math classes per week.M1 means at least 4 math classes per week,M2 means three math classes per week and M3 means two math classes per week.They vary from profile to profile and specialization to specialization.
References
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