The Medium Endurance Cutter or WMEC is a type of United States Coast Guard Cutter mainly consisting of the 270-foot (82 m) Famous- and 210-foot (64 m) Reliance-class cutters. These larger cutters are under control of Area Commands (Atlantic Area or Pacific Area).[1] These cutters have adequate accommodations for crew to live on board[1] and can do 6 to 8 week patrols.[2]
Other ships in the WMEC classification are the 282-foot (86 m) USCGC Alex Haley, and the now-decommissioned 213-foot (65 m) USCGC Acushnet, and 230-foot (70 m) USCGC Storis,[3] and 205-foot (62 m) USCGC Tamaroa which began as the United States Navy Cherokee-class fleet tug USS Zuni launched in 1943.
There are 13 vessels in the Famous class, and 12 vessels still in active US service in the Reliance class. The Coast Guard plans to eventually phase out the vessels in both of these cutter classes and replace them with the Offshore Patrol Cutter as part of the Integrated Deepwater System Program.[4]
History
editAfter World War II, the United States Coast Guard used the US Navy hull classification system. The large, sea-going cutters were classified primarily as Coast Guard gunboats (WPG), destroyer escorts (WDE), and seaplane tenders (WAVP). In 1965 the Coast Guard adopted its own designation system and these large cutters were then referred to as Coast Guard High Endurance Cutters (WHEC). The coastal cutters once known as Cruising Cutters, Second Class and then as Coast Guard patrol craft (WPC) were now Coast Guard Medium Endurance Cutters (WMEC)."[5]
Famous-class cutter
editFamous-class cutter USCGC Thetis (WMEC-910)
| |
| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Builders |
|
| Operators | United States Coast Guard |
| Built | 1979–1989 |
| In commission | 1983–present |
| Completed | 13 |
| Active | 13 |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement | 1,800 long tons (1,829 t) |
| Length | 270 ft (82 m) |
| Beam | 38 ft (12 m) |
| Draft | 14 ft 5 in (4.39 m) |
| Installed power | 2 × Caterpillar V12 diesel generators |
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed | 19.5 knots (36.1 km/h; 22.4 mph) |
| Range | 9,900 nmi (18,300 km; 11,400 mi) |
| Complement | 100 (14 officers, 86 enlisted) |
| Sensors and processing systems |
|
| Electronic warfare & decoys | AN/SLQ-32A(V)2 2 x Mark 36 SRBOC |
| Armament |
|
| Aviation facilities | Helipad and hangar for HH-65 Dolphin or HH-60J Jayhawk |
The Famous-class vessels have hull numbers in the range from WMEC-901 through WMEC-913. Entering service in the 1980s, the Famous-class cutters were designed as replacements for the 327-foot (100 m) Treasury-class cutters, and their mission profile emphasized law enforcement, particularly patrolling the newly established 200-mile (320 km) exclusive economic zone.[5]
The Coast Guard harvested weapons systems components from decommissioned Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates to save money. Harvesting components from four decommissioned frigates resulted in more than $24 million in cost savings, which increased with parts from more decommissioned frigates. Equipment such as the Mark 75, 76 mm/62 caliber gun mounts, gun control panels, barrels, launchers, junction boxes, and other components from decommissioned Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates were returned to service aboard Famous-class cutters in order to extend their service lives into the 2030s.[6]
Service Life Extension Program
editThe service life extension (SLEP) program started in July 2021 with prototype work for electrical and structural systems on the Seneca and Harriet Lane. Additionally, Harriet Lane served as the gun weapons system prototype [7]. The Spencer started the production phase of the SLEP on July 1, 2023, and the Legare on June 24, 2024.[8] Four remaining cutters, Campbell, Forward, Escanaba and Tahoma will undergo SLEP.
Ships in class
edit| Hull number | Name | Status |
|---|---|---|
| WMEC-901 | Bear | Active |
| WMEC-902 | Tampa | Active |
| WMEC-903 | Harriet Lane | Active |
| WMEC-904 | Northland | Active |
| WMEC-905 | Spencer | Active |
| WMEC-906 | Seneca | Active |
| WMEC-907 | Escanaba | Active |
| WMEC-908 | Tahoma | Active |
| WMEC-909 | Campbell | Active |
| WMEC-910 | Thetis | Active |
| WMEC-911 | Forward | Active |
| WMEC-912 | Legare | Active |
| WMEC-913 | Mohawk | Active |
Reliance-class cutter
editCutter USCGC Reliance
| |
| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Builders | |
| Operators |
|
| Built | 1962–1968 |
| In commission | 1964–present |
| Completed | 16 |
| Active | 12 |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement | 1,127.2 long tons (1,145 t) full load |
| Length | |
| Beam | 34 ft (10 m) |
| Draft | 10 ft 9 in (3.28 m) |
| Propulsion | 2 × 2,500 hp (1,864 kW) ALCO 251B diesel engines |
| Speed | 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph) |
| Range | 8,000 nmi (15,000 km; 9,200 mi) at 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph) |
| Complement | 75 |
| Armament | |
| Aviation facilities | Helipad |
The Reliance-class vessels have hull numbers in the range from WMEC-615 through WMEC-630. Entering service between 1964 and 1969, the Reliance-class cutters were meant to replace the 125-foot (38 m) cutters of the Prohibition era and were the first major cutter replacement project since the 255-foot (78 m) Owasco-class cutters from World War II.[5]
The 210s (210-foot cutters) received upgrades and modifications (in a program named "Midlife Maintenance Availability" or MMA) during the 1986 through 1990 time period. The "A"-class cutters had their gas turbines removed, and all 210s had their stern transom exhaust systems replaced with a traditional stack. While this modification reduced the size of the flight deck, they were still more than capable of carrying out helicopter operations. Other modifications included enlarging the superstructure area, replacing the main armament, and increasing the fire-fighting capability of the cutters. The modifications cost approximately $20 million per cutter, well above their original cost of about $3.5 million each.[5]
Ships in class
edit| Hull number | Name | Status |
|---|---|---|
| WMEC-615 | Reliance | Active |
| WMEC-616 | Diligence | Active |
| WMEC-617 | Vigilant | Active |
| WMEC-618 | Active | Active |
| WMEC-619 | Confidence | In commission, special status |
| WMEC-620 | Resolute | Active |
| WMEC-621 | Valiant | Active |
| WMEC-622 | Courageous | Decommissioned |
| WMEC-623 | Steadfast | Decommissioned |
| WMEC-624 | Dauntless | In commission, special status |
| WMEC-625 | Venturous | Active |
| WMEC-626 | Dependable | In commission, special status |
| WMEC-627 | Vigorous | Active |
| WMEC-628 | Durable | Decommissioned |
| WMEC-629 | Decisive | Decommissioned |
| WMEC-630 | Alert | Active |
Courageous was decommissioned on 19 September 2001. She was transferred to the government of Sri Lanka on 24 June 2004 as SLNS Samudura (P-621).
Durable was decommissioned on 20 September 2001. In 2003 she was transferred to the Coast Guard of the Colombian Navy as ARC Valle del Cauca (PO-44).
Decisive was decommissioned on 2 March 2023.[9]
Steadfast was decommissioned on 1 February 2024.[10]
Dependable was removed from active service and placed in commission, special status on 9 April 2024. Her crew were transferred to other Coast Guard units to help meet the service-wide shortage of enlisted personnel.[11]
Dauntless was removed from active service and placed in commission, special status on 21 June 2024. As of that date she had served 56 years. She and Steadfast are the only two Coast Guard cutters to have seized one million pounds of marijuana.[12]
Notes
edit- ^ a b "Aircraft, Boats, and Cutters". United States Coast Guard. Archived from the original on 2012-11-25. Retrieved 2012-12-11.
- ^ "210' / 270' Medium Endurance Cutters". Archived from the original on 2014-10-30. Retrieved 2012-12-11.[unreliable source?]
- ^ "Coast Guard Assets and Equipment". United States Coast Guard Reserve. Archived from the original on 2010-07-07. Retrieved 2012-12-11.
- ^ "Coast Guard Modernization". United States Coast Guard. Archived from the original on 2012-10-16. Retrieved 2012-12-11.
- ^ a b c d "WPC's & WMEC's: 1945-2000". United States Coast Guard. Archived from the original on 2012-10-17. Retrieved 2012-12-11.
- ^ U.S. Navy harvests decommissioned Frigates weapon systems for U.S. Coast Guard use Archived 2015-06-26 at the Wayback Machine - Navyrecognition.com, 26 October 2014
- ^ https://www.dcms.uscg.mil/Our-Organization/Assistant-Commandant-for-Acquisitions-CG-9/Newsroom/Latest-Acquisition-News/Article/3458916/coast-guard-begins-production-phase-of-medium-endurance-cutter-service-life-ext/
- ^ https://www.dcms.uscg.mil/Our-Organization/Assistant-Commandant-for-Acquisitions-CG-9/Newsroom/Latest-Acquisition-News/Article/3851786/270-foot-medium-endurance-cutter-legare-begins-service-life-extension-program-a/
- ^ "USCGC Decisive decommissioned after 55 years of service" (Press release). Washington DC: Defense Media Activity. United States Coast Guard, Department of Homeland Security. 2 March 2023. Retrieved 2023-10-01.
- ^ "U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Steadfast decommissioned after 56 years of service" (Press release). Washington, D.C.: Defense Media Activity. U.S. Department of Defense. 2024-02-01. Retrieved 2024-02-06.
- ^ "US Coast Guard Cutter Dependable celebrated for 56 years' service during heritage recognition ceremony" (Press release). Virginia Beach, Virginia, US: Defense Visual Information Distribution Service. United States Coast Guard Atlantic Area. 2024-04-10. Retrieved 2024-04-11.
- ^ "US Coast Guard Cutter Dauntless celebrated for 56 years' service during heritage recognition ceremony" (Press release). Naval Air Station Pensacola, Florida: United States Coast Guard, Department of Homeland Security. June 21, 2024. Retrieved June 22, 2024.
References
edit- "A Day in the Life of the Mohawk". Retrieved 2012-12-11. – HDTV documentary shows the Famous-class cutter patrolling the south coastal region of the United States in February and March 1999.
- "Famous Cutter Class 270-Foot Medium Endurance Cutter (WMEC)". globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 2012-12-11.
- "Aircraft, Boats, and Cutters: Cutters / 270-foot Medium Endurance Cutter (WMEC) - Famous Cutter Class". United States Coast Guard. Retrieved 2012-12-11.
- "Reliance Class 210-Foot Medium Endurance Cutter (WMEC)". globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 2012-12-11.
- "Aircraft, Boats, and Cutters: Cutters / 210-foot Medium Endurance Cutter (WMEC) - Reliance Class". United States Coast Guard. Retrieved 2012-12-11.