Oignies

Oignies
Oignies
Commune
	Pit 9 - 9 in Oignies
	Coat of arms
	Location of Oignies
	Oignies Oignies
	Coordinates: 50°28′12″N 2°59′40″E / 50.47°N 2.9944°E
Country	France
Region	Hauts-de-France
Department	Pas-de-Calais
Arrondissement	Lens
Canton	Hénin-Beaumont-1
Intercommunality	CA Hénin-Carvin
Government
• Mayor (2020–2026)	Fabienne Dupuis-Merlevede
Area 1	5.52 km2 (2.13 sq mi)
Population (2021)	10,210
• Density	1,800/km2 (4,800/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code	62637 /62590
Elevation	23–33 m (75–108 ft) ; (avg. 28 m or 92 ft)
	1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Oignies (French pronunciation: [waɲi]; Picard: Ongnies) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.^[3]

Geography

Oignies is a former coalmining town, nowadays a light industrial town, 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Lens, at the junction of the D46 and the D160 roads. The A1 autoroute passes through the commune, alongside a wooded and lake-filled parkland area.

History

Ancient times

The town of Oignies seems to have been inhabited since early Christian times. Then it was known as Ongniacume.

Coal is discovered

In the grounds of the Château of Mme De Clercq on 7 June 1842 an Engineer, Monsieur Mulot, discovered the presence of coal, an economic godsend for the region which then developed a huge mining industry. This was the first discovery of coal in the region.

The two world wars

During the First World War, the town was occupied by the Germans. Shortly before their retreat from the territory in October 1918 they destroyed the town and coal mines.

Between 28 May 1940 and 2 September 1944, the town was once again occupied by the troops of Nazi Germany. Shortly after they arrived the occupying forces burned 380 houses and killed 80 civilians in revenge for the fierce resistance they met on the bridge of the Battery.

In 1919, Oignies had seen the arrival in the town of Georges Clemenceau who came to bestow the "Croix de guerre". In 1948, it was the turn of Vincent Auriol accompanied by François Mitterrand who once again bestowed the cross on the town. He inaugurated a mausoleum remembering those 80 shot on 28 May 1940 and declared Oignies a "Ville Martyre" (martyred town).^[4]

End of coal mining

On 21 December 1990, the last truck of coal was hoisted from shaft 9 at Oignies. This well-publicized event marked the end of coal mining in the whole of the north of France.

Heraldry

Arms of Oignies	The arms of Oignies are blazoned : Vert, a fess ermine. (Oignies, Beaucamps-Ligny, Estrées, Gruson and Wicres use the same arms.)

Population

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1968	12,563	—
1975	11,649	−1.07%
1982	10,546	−1.41%
1990	10,660	+0.13%
1999	10,531	−0.14%
2007	10,235	−0.36%
2012	9,771	−0.92%
2017	9,767	−0.01%
Source: INSEE^[5]

Notable people

Guy Drut, born here in 1950, an Olympic champion who won gold at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal in the 110m hurdles.
Michel Jazy, a former French athlete who won the silver medal in the 1500m at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome.

Places of interest

The church of St. Barthélemy, rebuilt along with most of the town, after the First World War.
The coalmining museum.
The chateau, dating from the sixteenth century.
The war memorial.