Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra (Uyghur: (Kona Yëziq) نۇر ئەخمەتجان بۇغرا, نور احمد جان بغرا; simplified Chinese: 努尔·阿合买提江·布格拉; traditional Chinese: 努爾·阿合買提江·布格拉; pinyin: Nǔ'ěr·Āhémǎitíjiāng·Bùgélā; died April 16, 1934)[2] was an Uighur Emir of the First East Turkestan Republic. He was the younger brother of Muhammad Amin Bughra and Abdullah Bughra. He commanded Uighur and Kirghiz forces during the Battle of Kashgar (1934) against the Chinese Muslim 36th Division (National Revolutionary Army). The Chinese Muslims were loyal to the Republic of China government and wanted to crush the Turkic Muslim Uighurs and Kirghiz in revenge for the Kizil massacre, in which Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra had taken part. He was killed on April 16, 1934, at Yangi Hissar by Chinese Muslim troops under generals Ma Zhancang and Ma Fuyuan.[3] All of Nur Ahmad Jan's 2,500 Uighur and Kirghiz fighters were exterminated by the 10,000 strong Chinese Muslim army.[4][5]
Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra | |
|---|---|
 Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra | |
| Emir of the First East Turkestan Republic | |
| In office 1933 – April 16, 1934 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Khotan, Qing dynasty |
| Died | April 16, 1934 Yangi Hissar, Republic of China |
| Nationality | Chinese |
| Political party |  Young Kashgar PartyCommittee for National Revolution[1] |
| Relations | Muhammad Amin Bughra, Abdullah Bughra |
It was reported by Ahmad Kamal in his book Land Without Laughter, that Nur Ahmad Jan was beheaded by the Chinese Muslim troops and the head was used in a football game at the parade ground.[6]
References
edit- ^ Andrew D. W. Forbes (1986). Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911–1949. Cambridge, England: CUP Archive. p. 84. ISBN 0-521-25514-7. Retrieved 2010-06-28.
- ^ Ondřej Klimeš (8 January 2015). Struggle by the Pen: The Uyghur Discourse of Nation and National Interest, c.1900–1949. BRILL. pp. 122–. ISBN 978-90-04-28809-6.
- ^ "Fighting Continues Tungan Troops Still Active in Chinese Turkestan". The Montreal Gazette. 10 May 1934.
- ^ Andrew D. W. Forbes (1986). Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911–1949. Cambridge, England: CUP Archive. p. 123. ISBN 0-521-25514-7. Retrieved 2010-06-28.
- ^ Andrew D. W. Forbes (1986). Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911–1949. Cambridge, England: CUP Archive. p. 303. ISBN 0-521-25514-7. Retrieved 2010-06-28.
- ^ Andrew D. W. Forbes (1986). Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911–1949. Cambridge, England: CUP Archive. p. 303. ISBN 0-521-25514-7. Retrieved 2010-06-28.