Nutrition International, formerly the Micronutrient Initiative (MI), is an international not for profit agency based in Canada that works to eliminate vitamin and mineral deficiencies in developing countries.[2] Although often only required by the body in very small amounts, vitamin and minerals – also known as micronutrients – support an array of critical biological functions including growth, immune function and eye function, as well as foetal development of the brain, the nervous system, and the skeletal system. Micronutrient deficiency is a form of malnutrition and is a recognized health problem in many developing countries.[3] Globally, more than two billion people live with vitamin and mineral deficiencies.[4]
| Founded | 1992 |
|---|---|
| Founder | International Development Research Centre |
| Focus | Healthcare, education, nutrition |
| Location | |
Area served | Worldwide |
Revenue | $42,586,795 (2016) [USD][1] |
| Employees | 76 head office, 256 worldwide |
| Website | www |
History
editIn 1990, leaders attending the World Summit for Children set the goal of virtually eliminating micronutrient deficiencies.[5] In 1992, Micronutrient Initiative was established as a secretariat within the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), based in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, to support progress toward that goal. In 1993 IDRC recruited an executive director for the secretariat and transferred 2–3 of its staff to the new organization.[6] Venkatesh Mannar took over in June 1994 as the executive director. Until 2000, MI was governed by a steering committee composed of the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), the IDRC, UNICEF, The World Bank, and USAID. In 2000, MI became an independent not-for-profit organization.[7] Joel Spicer became president in February 2014.[8] In 2017, the organization formally rebranded to Nutrition International to more accurately reflect their expanding scope, reach, and impact.[9]
Work
editThe organization advocates for, and provides funding and technical assistance for salt iodisation, the distribution of multi-micronutrient powders, the fortification of staple foods such as wheat flour with vitamin A, iron and folic acid, and dietary supplementation with vitamin A, iron, zinc, and folic acid. Since 1997, with funding support from the Government of Canada, Nutrition International has provided more than eight billion doses of vitamin A for use by UNICEF and national governments.[10]
Nutrition International is credited with playing a pioneering role in engaging corporations and trade associations at both the global and national level in partnerships to improve nutrition.[11]
Organization
editThe staff of Nutrition International includes scientists, nutritionists, and policy and development experts. In addition to its headquarters in Ottawa, the organization has offices in Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, Senegal, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, the Philippines and Pakistan.[12]
Publications
edit- Annual Report 2012–2013[1]
- Investing in the future: a united call to action on vitamin and mineral deficiencies, Micronutrient Initiative, Flour Fortification Initiative, GAIN, USAID, The World Bank, UNICEF, 2008 uture.pdf[permanent dead link]
- Best Practice Paper: Micronutrient Supplements for Child Survival (Vitamin A and Zinc), Sue Horton, France Begin, Alison Greig & Anand Lakshman, Copenhagen Consensus Center [2]
- Practice Paper: Micronutrient Fortification (Iron and Salt Iodization), Sue Horton, Venkatesh Mannar & Annie Wesley, Copenhagen Consensus Center [3]
- Solution in a Pinch: The Micronutrient Initiative’s Double Fortified Salt strategy tackles two problems in one go, The Micronutrient Initiative [4]
- Li, YO; Diosady, LL; Wesley, AS (2009). "Iron in vitro bioavailability and iodine storage stability in double-fortified salt". Food and Nutrition Bulletin. 30 (4): 327–35. doi:10.1177/156482650903000403. PMID 20496622.
- Johnson, QW; Wesley, AS (2010). "Miller's best/enhanced practices for flour fortification at the flour mill". Food and Nutrition Bulletin. 31 (1 Suppl): S75–85. doi:10.1177/15648265100311S107. PMID 20629354.
- Li, Yao O.; Diosady, Levente L.; Wesley, Annie S. (2010). "Iodine stability in iodized salt dual fortified with microencapsulated ferrous fumarate made by an extrusion-based encapsulation process". Journal of Food Engineering. 99 (2): 232. doi:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2010.03.007.
References
edit- ^ Financial Statements, March 31, 2016
- ^ Plus 5 Review of the 2002 Special Session on Children and World Fit for Children Plan of Action: Response by Canada, p. 16.
- ^ Bhan, Maharaj K; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Strand, Tor (2007). "Micronutrient deficiency in children". British Journal of Nutrition. 85: S199–203. doi:10.1079/BJN2001315. PMID 11509111.
- ^ Flour Fortification Initiative, GAIN, Micronutrient Initiative, USAID, The World Bank, UNICEF, Investing in the Future: A United Call to Action on Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies, 2009, p. 1
- ^ UNICEF, Plan of Action for Implementing the World Declaration on the Survival, Protection and Development of Children in the 1990s, #13.
- ^ Sanghvi T, Ross J, Heymann H., "Why is reducing vitamin and mineral deficiencies critical for development?" Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 2007, 28(1S), p. 167.
- ^ UNICEF Canada, Global Child Survival and Health: A 50-year Progress Report from UNICEF Canada, p. 68.
- ^ "Micronutrient Initiative - Joel Spicer takes the helm at the Micronutrient Initiative". Archived from the original on 2014-04-15. Retrieved 2014-12-18.
- ^ "The Micronutrient Initiative Is Now Nutrition International". finance.yahoo.com. Retrieved 2019-12-12.
- ^ "Micronutrient Initiative - Canada?s Investment in Micronutrient Initiative will Sustain Life-saving Nutrition Programs around the World". Archived from the original on 2014-12-18. Retrieved 2014-12-18.
- ^ Harvard University - John F. Kennedy School of Management, The Conference Board, International Business Leaders Forum, Business as a Partner in Overcoming Malnutrition: An Agenda for Action, p. 12.
- ^ "In the World". Nutrition International. Retrieved 2019-12-12.