Jitpursimara (also Jeetpursimara or Jeetpur Simara) is a sub-metropolitan city in Bara District in Province No. 2 of southern Nepal that was formed on 10 March 2017 after merging Gadhimai Municipality, Inarwasira, Amlekhganj, as well as parts of Manharwa, Haraiya and Rampur Tokani to form a new sub-metropolitan city.[1] At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, the former settlements that would make up the sub-metropolitan city had a joint population of 117,094 people living in 21,670 individual households.[2]
Jitpursimara
जीतपुर सिमरा | |
|---|---|
| Nickname: Simara | |
  Jitpursimara Location in Nepal | |
| Coordinates: 27°10′N 84°59′E / 27.16°N 84.98°E | |
| Country | Nepal |
| Province | Madhesh |
| District | Bara |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Mr.Rajan paudel (NCP) |
| • Deputy Mayor | Mr Bhola Adhikari (NCP) |
| Area | |
• Total | 309.67 km2 (119.56 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 117,094 |
| • Density | 380/km2 (980/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+5:45 (Nepal Time) |
| Area code | 053 |
| Website | www.jeetpursimaramun.gov.np |
Geography
editJitpur Simara lies in the Terrai region of Nepal. To the north, it borders Hetauda Sub-metropolitan city, to south and west Birgunj Metropolitan City, and to the east Kalaiya sub-metropolitan city. It is regarded as the youngest sub-metropolitan city in the country.[3]
Climate
editThe highest temperature ever recorded in Simara was 42.8 °C (109.0 °F) on 6 June 1979, while the lowest temperature ever recorded was 1.0 °C (33.8 °F) on 23 January 1985.[4]
| Climate data for Simara Airport 137m (1991-2020 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 21.1 (70.0) |
25.8 (78.4) |
31.0 (87.8) |
35.1 (95.2) |
35.2 (95.4) |
34.5 (94.1) |
33.0 (91.4) |
33.1 (91.6) |
32.8 (91.0) |
31.9 (89.4) |
29.0 (84.2) |
24.1 (75.4) |
30.6 (87.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 14.4 (57.9) |
17.9 (64.2) |
22.4 (72.3) |
27.2 (81.0) |
29.2 (84.6) |
29.9 (85.8) |
29.4 (84.9) |
29.4 (84.9) |
28.6 (83.5) |
26.0 (78.8) |
21.5 (70.7) |
16.8 (62.2) |
24.4 (75.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 7.6 (45.7) |
9.9 (49.8) |
13.8 (56.8) |
19.2 (66.6) |
23.2 (73.8) |
25.3 (77.5) |
25.7 (78.3) |
25.6 (78.1) |
24.4 (75.9) |
20.1 (68.2) |
13.9 (57.0) |
9.5 (49.1) |
18.2 (64.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 14.1 (0.56) |
15.7 (0.62) |
17.3 (0.68) |
41.8 (1.65) |
135.5 (5.33) |
272.1 (10.71) |
549.5 (21.63) |
422.0 (16.61) |
254.8 (10.03) |
68.0 (2.68) |
4.5 (0.18) |
7.7 (0.30) |
1,803 (70.98) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 1.7 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 4.1 | 8.9 | 12.8 | 18.7 | 15.5 | 11.8 | 3.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 81.9 |
| Source 1: Department of Hydrology and Meteorology[5] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: World Meteorological Organization[6] | |||||||||||||
Infrastructure
editSimara Airport lies in Old-Pipara Simara offering flights to Kathmandu and is the nearest airport from Kathmandu.[7] Mahendra Highway & Tribhuvan Highway link Jitpur Simara to different regions of Nepal as well as to the Indian Border.
Amlekhganj Raxaul Railway
editThe Amlekhganj Raxaul railway has been a historic monument since India was a British colony. The railway was constructed to transport logs and sleepers. It led to the opening of major roads and construction of the infrastructure. This railway is at the verge of extinction due to the illegal encroachment of lands/buildings and deforestation by gangs.[8]
Facilities
edit60% of the land is utilized for agriculture.[9]
Parsa National Park
editA newly founded park hosts elephants, one horned rhinoceros, "nilgai", diverse birds, python etc. The park is based on "charkose jhhadi".[10]
Dumarwana
editDumarwana is located in the north east corner of the metropolitan region. It is the center of agriculture. A special economic zone is in development. Protection and development of the sugar mill land has been controversial. It created a loss of billions rupees of taxpayer money. Illegal occupation of government lands impeded the development of the local area and caused the loss of significant agricultural jobs. The plan is to recover these encroached lands and reestablish the Birgunj Sugar Mill for farmers. Destruction of the natural forest and river by domestic and cross border gangs created flood and desertization of fertile lands. Electricity theft using unauthorized hooks disturbed electricity availability.[11]
References
edit- ^ "Kalaiya residents agitate demanding sub metropolitan city". My Republica. Archived from the original on 2017-01-29. Retrieved 2017-06-16.
- ^ "National Population and Housing Census 2011" (PDF). Central Bureau of Statistics. November 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 January 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
- ^ "Nepal Census 2001". Nepal's Village Development Committees. Digital Himalaya. Archived from the original on 12 October 2008. Retrieved 9 December 2008.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved February 27, 2016.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link). Retrieved 27 February 2016. - ^ "PRECIPITATION NORMAL (MM) (1991-2020)" (PDF). Department of Hydrology and Meteorology. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 October 2023. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
- ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 14 October 2023. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
- ^ "Simara Airport" (PDF). Civil Aviation authority of Nepal. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 September 2018. Retrieved 1 October 2018.
- ^ Yadav, Upendra. "Land of Nepal Railway in Raxaul remains unutilized". My Republica. Archived from the original on 2018-12-19. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
- ^ "Rising demand gives boost to fish farming". kathmandupost.ekantipur.com. Archived from the original on 2018-12-19. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
- ^ "Parsa National Park welcomes baby elephant". kathmandupost.ekantipur.com. Archived from the original on 2018-12-19. Retrieved 2018-12-19.
- ^ "Early sowing of maize seeds blamed for repeated crop failures". kathmandupost.ekantipur.com. Archived from the original on 2018-12-19. Retrieved 2018-12-19.