Taiwan Provincial Government is the nominal government of Taiwan Province in the Republic of China. Since 2018, its functions have been transferred to the National Development Council and other ministries of the Executive Yuan.[3]
| 臺灣省政府 Táiwān Shěng Zhèngfǔ (Mandarin) Tâi-oân Séng Chèng-hú (Taiwanese) Thòi-vân Sén Chṳn-fú (Hakka) | |
 Seal of Taiwan Province | |
| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | 1 September 1945 (as Office of the Chief Executive) 16 May 1947 (as Provincial Government)[1] |
| Preceding agency | |
| Dissolved | 20 July 2018 (de facto)[2] |
| Superseding agency | |
| Jurisdiction | Taiwan Province |
| Parent agency | Executive Yuan |
| Website | www.tpg.gov.tw |
| Taiwan Provincial Government | |||||||||||||||||||
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| Traditional Chinese | 臺灣省政府 | ||||||||||||||||||
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History
editThis section needs additional citations for verification. (September 2019) |
At the end of World War II, Japan surrendered on August 15, 1945. The Nationalist government started the process to takeover Taiwan on behalf of the Allies. The Taiwan Provincial Administrative Office was established by the Executive Yuan in Chungking on September 1, 1945. The office moved to Taipei on October 25, 1945. After the February 28 incident in 1947, the Executive Yuan decided to restructure the Provincial Administrative Office as a provincial government. On May 16, 1947, the Taiwan Provincial Government was established.
As the Republic of China progressively lost control of mainland China to Communist Party forces in the late 1940s and early 1950s, the national government relocated to Taiwan in late 1949. However, Taiwan continued to be governed by a provincial government even though from 1955 it was one of only two provincial governments still functioning (the other being Fujian province, controlling some islands off the mainland coast). The remainder of Fujian province still under Republic of China control was placed under military administration in 1956, and its provincial government was downsized and relocated to Taiwan island. This left Taiwan province as the only fully functioning provincial government. From 1967, a number of major cities in Taiwan were elevated to special municipalities directly controlled by the national government, and moved outside the jurisdiction of Taiwan province.
During the constitutional reform initiated in 1996, the ROC authorities decided to downsize the provincial structure due to the reasons that to solve the problem of overlapping personnel and administrative resources between the provincial and central governments, and cut excessive public spending.[4] The provinces were streamlined and ceased to be self-governing bodies in December 1998, with their administrative functions transferred to the National Development Council and other ministries of the Executive Yuan as well as second-tier local governments such as counties. However, the position of the Chairman of the Provincial Government and Taiwan Provincial Consultative Council are retained to comply with the Constitution.
In July 2018, all provincial governmental organs were formally abolished, with budget and personnel removed.[5]
Historical government buildings
editHistorically, before the provincial government's duties and functions were handed to the Executive Yuan in July 2018, the provincial government was located in Taipei from 1947 to 1956, and in Zhongxing New Village from 1957 to July 2018.
| Order | First | Second |
|---|---|---|
| Location | Ch'êng-chung, Taipei City (now Zhongzheng, Taipei) |
Zhongxing New Village, Nantou City, Nantou County |
| Date in use | May 1947 to 1956 | 1957 to July 2018 |
| Photo | ||
| Notes | Currently the Executive Yuan building | Currently the Office of the Zhongxing New Village Revitalization Project, National Development Council |
Governor of Taiwan
editOfficial titles of the governor
edit| Year | Full title | Literal meaning | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese | Mandarin (Pinyin) |
Hokkien (Pe̍h-ōe-jī) | |||
| 1945–1947 | 臺灣省 行政長官 |
Táiwānshěng Xíngzhèng Zhǎngguān |
Tâi-oân-séng Hêng-chèng Tióng-Kuaⁿ |
Chief Executive of Taiwan Province |
The position of Chief Executive was temporarily part of the Executive Yuan as specified in the Taiwan Provincial Administrative Executive Office Organizational Outline (臺灣省行政長官公署組織條例 Táiwān-shěng xíngzhèng zhǎngguān gōngshǔ zǔzhī tiáolì) of September 20, 1945. |
| 1947–1994 | 臺灣省政府 主席 |
Táiwānshěng Zhèngfǔ Zhǔxí |
Tâi-oân-séng Chèng-hú Chú-se̍k |
Chairman of Taiwan Provincial Government |
After the February 28 Incident, the Administrative Executive Office was reorganized as a provincial government. The title was often abbreviated as 省主席 shěngzhǔxí. |
| 1994–1998 | 臺灣省 省長 |
Táiwānshěng Shěngzhǎng |
Tâi-oân-séng Séng-tiúⁿ |
Governor of Taiwan Province |
During the democratic reforms, the title "Governor" was first legally used in the Self-Governance Law for Provinces and Counties (省縣自治法) of July 29, 1994. The governor was directly elected by the people of the province. |
| 1998–2018 | 臺灣省政府 主席 |
Táiwānshěng Zhèngfǔ Zhǔxí |
Tâi-oân-séng Chèng-hú Chú-se̍k |
Chairman of Taiwan Provincial Government |
Since the streamlining of the Taiwan Provincial Government in 1998, the government was headed by a provincial council of nine members, including one chairperson, all of which were appointed by the President. Since July 2018, no council members nor chairpersons were appointed. |
List of governors
editAll governors of Taiwan Province are codified in Chapter XI, Article 113, Section 2 of the constitution.
Kuomintang Non-partisan/ unknown Democratic Progressive Party
Chief Executiveedit | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| № | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | |
| 1 | Chen Yi 陳儀 Chén Yí (1883–1950) |
August 29, 1945 | April 22, 1947 | Kuomintang | |
Chairperson of the Provincial Governmentedit | |||||
| № | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | |
| 1 | Wei Tao-ming 魏道明 Wèi Dàomíng (1899–1978) |
May 16, 1947 | January 5, 1949 | Kuomintang | |
| 2 | Chen Cheng 陳誠 Chén Chéng (1897–1965) |
January 5, 1949 | December 21, 1949 | Kuomintang | |
| 3 | K. C. Wu 吳國楨 Wú Guózhēn (1903–1984) |
December 21, 1949 | April 16, 1953 | Kuomintang | |
| 4 | Yu Hung-chun 俞鴻鈞 Yú Hóngjūn (1897–1960) |
April 16, 1953 | June 7, 1954 | Kuomintang | |
| 5 | Yen Chia-kan (C.K. Yen) 嚴家淦 Yán Jiāgàn (1905–1993) |
June 7, 1954 | August 16, 1957 | Kuomintang | |
| 6 | Chow Chih-jou 周至柔 Zhōu Zhìróu (1899–1986) |
August 16, 1957 | December 1, 1962 | Kuomintang | |
| 7 | Huang Chieh 黃杰 Huáng Jié (1902–1995) |
December 1, 1962 | July 5, 1969 | Kuomintang | |
| 8 | Chen Ta-ching 陳大慶 Chén Dàqìng (1904–1973) |
July 5, 1969 | June 6, 1972 | Kuomintang | |
| 9 | Hsieh Tung-min 謝東閔 Xiè Dōngmǐn (1908–2001) |
June 6, 1972 | May 20, 1978 | Kuomintang | |
| — | Chu Shao-hwa 瞿韶華 Qú Sháohuá (1914–1996) |
May 20, 1978 | June 11, 1978 | Kuomintang | |
| As acting; Secretary General of the Provincial Government. | |||||
| 10 | Lin Yang-kang 林洋港 Lín Yánggǎng (1927–2013) |
June 12, 1978 | December 5, 1981 | Kuomintang | |
| 11 | Lee Teng-hui 李登輝 Lǐ Dēnghuī (1923–2020) |
December 5, 1981 | May 20, 1984 | Kuomintang | |
| — | Liu Chao-tien 劉兆田 Liú Zhàotián |
May 20, 1984 | June 8, 1984 | Kuomintang | |
| As acting; Secretary General of the Provincial Government. | |||||
| 12 | Chiu Chuang-huan 邱創煥 Qīu Chuànghuàn (1925–2020) |
June 9, 1984 | June 16, 1990 | Kuomintang | |
| 13 | Lien Chan 連戰 Lián Zhàn (1936–) |
June 16, 1990 | February 25, 1993[6] | Kuomintang | |
| — | Tu Teh-chi 凃德錡 Tú Déqí |
February 27, 1993 | March 19, 1993 | Kuomintang | |
| As acting; Secretary General of the Provincial Government. | |||||
| 14 | James Soong 宋楚瑜 Sòng Chǔyú (1942–) |
March 20, 1993 | December 20, 1994 | Kuomintang | |
Governoredit | |||||
| № | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | |
| 1 | James Soong 宋楚瑜 Sòng Chǔyú (1942–) |
December 20, 1994 | December 21, 1998 | Kuomintang | |
Chairperson of the Provincial Government[citation needed]edit | |||||
| № | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | |
| 15 | Chao Shou-po 趙守博 Zhào Shǒubó (1941–) |
December 21, 1998 | May 2, 2000 | Kuomintang | |
| — | Chiang Ching-hsien 江清馦 Jiāng Qīngxiān (1942–2018) |
May 2, 2000 | May 19, 2000 | Independent | |
| As acting; Secretary General of the Provincial Government. | |||||
| 16 | Chang Po-ya 張博雅 Zhāng Bóyă (1942–) |
May 20, 2000 | February 1, 2002 | Independent | |
| First female chairperson. Concurrently held post of Minister of the Interior. | |||||
| 17 | Fan Kuang-chun 范光群 Fàn Guāngqún (1939–) |
February 1, 2002 | October 7, 2003 | Democratic Progressive Party | |
| 18 | Lin Kuang-hua 林光華 Lín Guānghuá (1945–) |
October 13, 2003 | January 25, 2006 | Democratic Progressive Party | |
| — | Jeng Peir-fuh 鄭培富 Zhèng Péifù |
January 25, 2006 | December 7, 2007 | Independent | |
| As acting; Secretary General of the Provincial Government. | |||||
| 19 | Lin Hsi-yao 林錫耀 Lín Xíyào (1961–) |
December 7, 2007 | May 19, 2008 | Democratic Progressive Party | |
| Concurrently held post of Minister Without Portfolio. | |||||
| 20 | Tsai Hsun-hsiung 蔡勳雄 Cài Xūnxióng (1941–) |
May 20, 2008 | September 10, 2009 | Kuomintang | |
| Concurrently held post of Minister Without Portfolio. | |||||
| 21 | Chang Jin-fu 張進福 Zhāng Jìnfú (1948–) |
September 10, 2009 | February 26, 2010 | Independent | |
| Concurrently held post of Minister Without Portfolio. | |||||
| 22 | Lin Junq-tzer 林政則 Lín Zhèngzé (1944–) |
February 26, 2010 | May 20, 2016 | Kuomintang | |
| Concurrently held post of Minister Without Portfolio. | |||||
| 23 | Shih Jun-ji 施俊吉 Shī Jùnjí (1955–) |
May 20, 2016 | June 30, 2016 | Independent | |
| Concurrently held post of Minister Without Portfolio. Shortest serving chairperson. | |||||
| 24 | Hsu Jan-yau 許璋瑤 Xǔ Zhangyáo (1951–) |
July 1, 2016 | November 5, 2017 | Independent | |
| Concurrently held post of Minister Without Portfolio. | |||||
| 25 | Wu Tze-cheng 吳澤成 Wú Zéchéng (1945–) |
November 6, 2017 | June 30, 2018[citation needed] | Independent | |
| Concurrently held post of Minister Without Portfolio. | |||||
Timeline
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^ 臺灣省政府全球資訊網. tpg.gov.tw. Retrieved 2014-08-22.
- ^ 中興新村活化專案辦公室揭牌 (in Traditional Chinese). China Times. 2018-07-21.
- ^ "Taiwan Provincial Government Official Website". Retrieved 17 July 2018.
- ^ Bi-yu Chang (24 March 2015), "The rise and fall of Sanminzhuyi Utopia", Place, Identity, and National Imagination in Post-war Taiwan, Routledge, pp. 136–138, ISBN 9781317658122.
- ^ "Taiwan Provincial Government Official Website". Retrieved 17 July 2018.
- ^ 歷任首長 [Past Chiefs]. tpg.gov.tw (in Chinese). Taiwan Provincial Gov't. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
External links
editMedia related to Taiwan Provincial Government at Wikimedia Commons