Crithagra is a genus of small passerine birds in the finch family (Fringillidae). They live in Africa and Arabia.
| Crithagra | |
|---|---|
| |
| Male brimstone canary (Crithagra sulphurata sharpii) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Fringillidae |
| Subfamily: | Carduelinae |
| Genus: | Crithagra Swainson, 1827 |
| Type species | |
| Loxia sulphurata[1] Linnaeus, 1766
| |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
The species in this genus were formerly assigned to the genus Serinus, but phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences found that the genus was polyphyletic.[2] It was therefore split into two monophyletic genera. Eight species, including the European serin (Serinus serinus), were retained in Serinus, while the other species were assigned to the resurrected genus Crithagra.[3]
Species
editThe genus was introduced in 1827 by the English ornithologist William John Swainson.[4] The type species was subsequently designated as the brimstone canary.[5] The name comes from the classical Greek krithē for "barley" and agra for "hunting".[6]
The genus contains 37 species:[3]
| Image | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
| Príncipe seedeater | Crithagra rufobrunnea | São Tomé and Príncipe | |
| São Tomé grosbeak | Crithagra concolor | São Tomé | |
| African citril | Crithagra citrinelloides | Ethiopia, Eritrea to western Kenya. | |
| Western citril | Crithagra frontalis | central Africa | |
| Southern citril | Crithagra hyposticta | South Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia and Malawi. | |
| Black-faced canary | Crithagra capistrata | Angola, Burundi, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, and Zambia. | |
| Papyrus canary | Crithagra koliensis | Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda | |
| Forest canary | Crithagra scotops | Cameroon, Congo, and Kenya. | |
| White-rumped seedeater | Crithagra leucopygia | Sudan | |
| Black-throated canary | Crithagra atrogularis | Angola, Botswana, Burundi, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Kenya, Lesotho, Namibia, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. | |
| Yellow-rumped seedeater | Crithagra xanthopygia | Eritrea, Kenya and Ethiopia. | |
| Reichenow's seedeater | Crithagra reichenowi | eastern Africa | |
| Arabian serin | Crithagra rothschildi | western Saudi Arabia and Yemen | |
| Yellow-throated seedeater | Crithagra flavigula | Ethiopia. | |
| Salvadori's seedeater | Crithagra xantholaema | Ethiopia. | |
| Lemon-breasted canary | Crithagra citrinipectus | Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. | |
| Yellow-fronted canary | Crithagra mozambica | Africa south of the Sahara Desert. | |
| White-bellied canary | Crithagra dorsostriata | Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda. | |
| Ankober serin | Crithagra ankoberensis | Ethiopia | |
| Yemen serin | Crithagra menachensis | Oman, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen. | |
| Cape siskin | Crithagra totta | South Africa. | |
| Drakensberg siskin | Crithagra symonsi | South Africa, | |
| Northern grosbeak-canary | Crithagra donaldsoni | Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia. | |
| Southern grosbeak-canary | Crithagra buchanani | Kenya and Tanzania. | |
| Yellow canary | Crithagra flaviventris | southern Africa | |
| Brimstone canary | Crithagra sulphurata | central and southern Africa. | |
| Stripe-breasted seedeater | Crithagra striatipectus[7] | Sudan, Ethiopia, and Kenya. | |
| Reichard's seedeater | Crithagra reichardi | Zambia, Malawi and Tanzania | |
| Streaky-headed seedeater | Crithagra gularis | southern Africa. | |
| West African seedeater | Crithagra canicapilla | Guinea, Sierra Leone, southern Mali and northern Ivory Coast across to southern Niger and northern Cameroon | |
| Black-eared seedeater | Crithagra mennelli | Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. | |
| Brown-rumped seedeater | Crithagra tristriata | Ethiopia, Eritrea and Somalia. | |
| White-throated canary | Crithagra albogularis | Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, and South Africa. | |
| Thick-billed seedeater | Crithagra burtoni | Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda. | |
| Streaky seedeater | Crithagra striolata | Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia. | |
| Yellow-browed seedeater | Crithagra whytii | Malawi, Tanzania, and Zambia. | |
| Kipengere seedeater | Crithagra melanochroa | Tanzania | |
| Protea canary | Crithagra leucoptera | South Africa. |
References
edit- ^ "Fringillidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-16.
- ^ Zuccon, Dario; Prŷs-Jones, Robert; Rasmussen, Pamela C.; Ericson, Per G.P. (2012). "The phylogenetic relationships and generic limits of finches (Fringillidae)" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 62 (2): 581–596. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.10.002. PMID 22023825.
- ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David (eds.). "Finches, euphonias". World Bird List Version 5.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 5 June 2015.
- ^ Swainson, William (1827). "On several forms in ornithology not hitherto defined". Zoological Journal. 3: 348.
- ^ Dickinson, E.C.; Christidis, L., eds. (2014). The Howard & Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. Vol. 2: Passerines (4th ed.). Eastbourne, UK: Aves Press. p. 329. ISBN 978-0-9568611-2-2.
- ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 122. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- ^ "Species Updates – IOC World Bird List". Retrieved 2021-06-18.