The Chinh phụ ngâm ("Lament of the soldier's wife", 征婦吟) is a poem in classical Chinese written by the Vietnamese author Đặng Trần Côn (1710–1745).[1] It is also called the Chinh phụ ngâm khúc (征婦吟曲), with the additional -khúc ("tune", 曲) emphasizing that it can be performed as a musical piece not just read as a plain "lament" (ngâm, 吟).
The Chinese-language poem was translated into vernacular chữ Nôm by several translators including Phan Huy Ích and Đoàn Thị Điểm.[2][3] It was also translated into Japanese,[4] English,[5] French[6] and Korean languages.[7] The first eight lines of the poem along with the music composed by Professor Võ Văn Lúa were adopted as the national anthem of the Autonomous Republic of Cochinchina from 1946 to 1949.[8]
| Classical Chinese + Sino-Vietnamese | Vietnamese (Nôm + alphabet) |
|---|---|
天 Thiên 地 địa 風 phong 塵 trần |
𣋾 Thuở 𡗶 trời 𡐙 đất 浽 nổi 𩂀 cơn 𩙋 gió 𡏧 bụi |
紅 Hồng 顏 nhan 多 đa 屯 truân |
客 Khách 𦟐 má 紅 hồng 𡗉 nhiều 餒 nỗi 迍 truân 邅 chuyên |
悠 Du 悠 du 彼 bỉ 蒼 thương 兮 hề 誰 thuỳ 造 tạo 因 nhân |
撑 Xanh 箕 kia 深 thăm 瀋 thẳm 層 tầng 𨕭 trên |
為 Vì 埃 ai 𨠳 gây 𥩯 dựng 朱 cho 𢧚 nên 餒 nỗi 尼 này | |
鼓 Cổ 鼙 bề 聲 thanh 動 động 長 Trường 城 Thành 月 nguyệt |
𪔠 Trống 長 Trường 城 Thành 𢲣 lung 𢯦 lay 𩃳 bóng 月 nguyệt |
烽 Phong 火 hỏa 影 ảnh 照 chiếu 甘 Cam 泉 Tuyền 雲 vân |
𤌋 Khói 甘 Cam 泉 Tuyền 𥊚 mờ 𣋻 mịt 式 thức 𩄲 mây |
九 Cửu 重 trùng 按 án 劍 kiếm 起 khởi 當 đương 席 tịch |
𠃩 Chín 層 tầng 鎌 gươm 寶 báu 搔 trao 𢬣 tay |
半 Bán 夜 dạ 飛 phi 檄 hịch 傳 truyền 將 tướng 軍 quân |
𡛤 Nửa 𣎀 đêm 傳 truyền 檄 hịch 定 định 𣈗 ngày 出 xuất 征 chinh |
清 Thanh 平 bình 三 tam 百 bách 年 niên 天 thiên 下 hạ |
渃 Nước 清 thanh 平 bình 𠀧 ba 𤾓 trăm 𢆥 năm 𡳵 cũ |
References
edit- ^ Laurence C. Thompson. A Vietnamese Reference Grammar. Page 73. 1987. "An adopted child, for example, typically adds the family name of his new family to his own surname (the new name preceding): Dang Tran Con, a famous eighteenth-century author, was the adopted son of a family named Dang; his original ..."
- ^ Patricia M. Pelley. Postcolonial Vietnam: New Histories of the National Past. Page 268. 2002. "The celebrated works of Nguyễn Trãi include Bình Ngô đại cáo, Quân trung từ mệnh tập, Ức Trai thi tập, and Quốc âm thi tập. The Vietnamese title for the poem written by Đoàn Thị Điểm is Chinh phụ ngâm.
- ^ David G. Marr. Vietnamese Tradition on Trial, 1920–1945. Page 195. 1984. "Dang Tran Con, in his eighteenth-century Chinh Phu Ngam [Lament of a Soldier's Wife], criticized the endless warfare of the period, yet also idealized the women who stayed home faithfully to pine for their husbands and attend to the..."
- ^ S. Takeuchi. 征婦吟曲-Chinh Phụ Ngâm Khúc.
- ^ Chinh phụ ngâm – The Song of a Soldier's Wife in English by Huỳnh Sanh Thông
- ^ Chinh phụ ngâm – Femme de guerrier in French
- ^ (in Vietnamese) Xuất bản Chinh phụ ngâm bằng tiếng Hàn by Be Yang Xu
- ^ Nguyễn Ngọc Huy. "Quốc Kỳ và Quốc Ca Việt Nam". Archived from the original on 2009-02-24. Retrieved 2021-10-20.
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External links
editChinh phụ ngâm – Lament Song of a Soldier's Wife – annotated, side-by-side translation by Vương Thanh