Battenberg[1] or Battenburg[2] cake is a light sponge cake with variously coloured sections held together with jam and covered in marzipan. In cross section, the cake has a distinctive pink and yellow check pattern. It originated in England.
 A homemade Battenberg cake with typical chequered pink-and-yellow squares | |
| Type | Sponge cake |
|---|---|
| Place of origin | United Kingdom |
| Region or state | England |
| Created by | Unknown |
| Main ingredients | Flour, jam, marzipan |
The chequered patterns on British emergency vehicles are officially referred to as Battenburg markings because of their resemblance to the cake.
Recipe
editBakers construct Battenberg cakes by baking yellow and pink almond sponge-cakes separately, then cutting and combining the pieces in a chequered pattern. The cake is held together by jam and covered with marzipan.[3]
Origins
editWhile the cake originates in England, its exact origins are unclear,[4][5] with early recipes also using the alternative names "Domino Cake" (recipe by Agnes Bertha Marshall, 1898), "Neapolitan Roll" (recipe by Robert Wells, 1898),[6] or "Church Window Cake".
The cake was purportedly named in honour of the marriage of Princess Victoria, a granddaughter of Queen Victoria, to Prince Louis of Battenberg in 1884.[7] It refers to the German town of Battenberg, Hesse, which was the seat of an aristocratic family that died out in the early Middle Ages and whose title was transferred in 1851 to Countess Julia Hauke on the occasion of her marriage to Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine; then first Countess of Battenberg, afterwards Princess of Battenberg, known in Britain since 1917 as Mountbatten.[8]
The food historian Ivan Day refuted the idea that four panels reference to four princes or houses, as older recipes show as many as 25 panels. He said the four panels were likely standardised by industrial bakers such as Lyons, as this was easier to produce on a production line.[9]
According to The Oxford Companion to Food, the name "Battenberg cake" first appeared in print in 1903.[10] However, a "Battenburg cake" appears in Frederick Vine, Saleable Shop Goods for Counter-Tray and Window … (London, England: Office of the Baker and Confectioner, 1898).[4][11]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Battenberg". Oxford Dictionary. Archived from the original on May 18, 2015. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
- ^ "Definition of 'Battenburg'". Collins English Dictionary. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
- ^ Cook, Sarah (March 2011). "Battenberg Cake". Good Housekeeping. BBC. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
- ^ a b "Battenburg Cake - the Truth". Food History Jottings. 31 August 2011.
- ^ "Battenberg Cake". Foods of England. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
- ^ "Battenburg Cake History Again!". Food History Jottings. 18 April 2012. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
- ^ "Minor British Institutions: Battenberg cake". The Independent. 2010-11-13. Retrieved 2016-05-03.
- ^ John Ayto, The Diner's Dictionary: Food and Drink from A to Z (Oxford, England: Routledge, 1993), p. 22.
- ^ Cloake, Felicity (14 January 2016). "How to make the perfect battenberg cake". The Guardian. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
- ^ Davidson, Alan, The Oxford Companion to Food, 3rd ed. (Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 2014), p. 67.
- ^ In the 1907 edition, see p. 136.