The Barzalosa Formation (Spanish: Formación Barzalosa, Pgb, Pgba) is a fossiliferous geological formation of the Upper Magdalena Valley and the bounding foothills of the Central Ranges and Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. The formation consists of conglomerates, sandstones and siltstones. The Barzalosa Formation probably dates to the Late Paleogene to Early Neogene period; Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, and has an approximate thickness of 360 metres (1,180 ft). Fossils of Balanerodus logimus, Lophiodolodus chaparralensis, Xenastrapotherium chaparralensis, Protheosodon sp. and Proadinotherium sp. have been uncovered from the formation in Chaparral, Tolima.
| Barzalosa Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: ~Mid Eocene-Oligocene or Oligocene-Early Miocene ~ | |
| Type | Geological formation |
| Underlies | Honda Gp., Carmen de Apicalá Conglomerate |
| Overlies | La Tabla Fm., Olini Gp., Seca Fm. |
| Thickness | ~360 m (1,180 ft) |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | Conglomerates |
| Other | Sandstones, siltstones, shale, gypsum |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 4°21′50.2″N 74°47′29.8″W / 4.363944°N 74.791611°W |
| Approximate paleocoordinates | 2°42′N 71°12′W / 2.7°N 71.2°W |
| Region | Upper Magdalena Valley Central & Eastern Ranges Andes |
| Country |  Colombia |
| Type section | |
| Named for | Barzalosa |
| Named by | Scheibe |
| Location | Girardot |
| Year defined | 1934 |
| Coordinates | 4°21′50.2″N 74°47′29.8″W / 4.363944°N 74.791611°W |
| Region | Cundinamarca |
| Country | Colombia |
 Paleogeography of Northern South America 35 Ma, by Ron Blakey | |
Etymology
editThe formation was defined by Scheibe in 1934 and named after Barzalosa, a vereda of Girardot, Cundinamarca. Cáceres and Etayo elevated the "Pisos de Barzalosa" to a formation in 1969.[1]
Description
editLithologies
editThe Barzalosa Formation consists of conglomerates, sandstones and siltstones.[2] In parts, the formation contains shale beds and gypsum.[3]
Stratigraphy and depositional environment
editThe approximately 360 metres (1,180 ft) thick Barzalosa Formation overlies the Olini Group and the Seca Formation in the west and is overlain by the Honda Group.[2] In the east towards Fusagasugá, the formation overlies the La Tabla Formation and is overlain by the Carmen de Apicalá Conglomerate.[4] As the formation does not contain foraminifera, the age is difficult to establish, but has been estimated to be Oligocene to Early Miocene,[2] or Middle Eocene to Oligocene.[5] The depositional environment has been interpreted as alluvial fans and braided rivers.[6]
Fossil content
edit| Location | Department | Fossils | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alto San José, Chaparral | Tolima | Balanerodus logimus | |
| Lophiodolodus chaparralensis | |||
| Xenastrapotherium chaparralensis | |||
| Protheosodon sp. | |||
| Proadinotherium sp. | |||
| Megalonychoidae indet., Gavialidae indet. |
Outcrops
editThe Barzalosa Formation is apart from its type locality found in Tocaima and to the east of Agua de Dios,[1] and on the western side of the Magdalena River around Chaparral, Tolima.[12]
Regional correlations
edit- Legend
- group
- important formation
- fossiliferous formation
- minor formation
- (age in Ma)
- proximal Llanos (Medina)[note 1]
- distal Llanos (Saltarin 1A well)[note 2]
See also
editNotes
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Acosta et al., 2002, p.49
- ^ a b c Acosta et al., 2002, p.50
- ^ Acosta & Ulloa, 2001, p.56
- ^ Acosta & Ulloa, 2001, p.52
- ^ Acosta & Ulloa, 2001, p.57
- ^ Acosta et al., 2002, p.51
- ^ Balanerodus logimus in the Paleobiology Database
- ^ Lophiodolodus chaparralensis in the Paleobiology Database
- ^ Xenastrapotherium chaparralensis in the Paleobiology Database
- ^ Protheosodon in the Paleobiology Database
- ^ Proadinotherium in the Paleobiology Database
- ^ a b Chaparral Alto José in the Paleobiology Database
- ^ a b c d e f García González et al., 2009, p.27
- ^ a b c d e f García González et al., 2009, p.50
- ^ a b García González et al., 2009, p.85
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Barrero et al., 2007, p.60
- ^ a b c d e f g h Barrero et al., 2007, p.58
- ^ Plancha 111, 2001, p.29
- ^ a b Plancha 177, 2015, p.39
- ^ a b Plancha 111, 2001, p.26
- ^ Plancha 111, 2001, p.24
- ^ Plancha 111, 2001, p.23
- ^ a b Pulido & Gómez, 2001, p.32
- ^ Pulido & Gómez, 2001, p.30
- ^ a b Pulido & Gómez, 2001, pp.21-26
- ^ Pulido & Gómez, 2001, p.28
- ^ Correa Martínez et al., 2019, p.49
- ^ Plancha 303, 2002, p.27
- ^ Terraza et al., 2008, p.22
- ^ Plancha 229, 2015, pp.46-55
- ^ Plancha 303, 2002, p.26
- ^ Moreno Sánchez et al., 2009, p.53
- ^ Mantilla Figueroa et al., 2015, p.43
- ^ Manosalva Sánchez et al., 2017, p.84
- ^ a b Plancha 303, 2002, p.24
- ^ a b Mantilla Figueroa et al., 2015, p.42
- ^ Arango Mejía et al., 2012, p.25
- ^ Plancha 350, 2011, p.49
- ^ Pulido & Gómez, 2001, pp.17-21
- ^ Plancha 111, 2001, p.13
- ^ Plancha 303, 2002, p.23
- ^ Plancha 348, 2015, p.38
- ^ Planchas 367-414, 2003, p.35
- ^ Toro Toro et al., 2014, p.22
- ^ Plancha 303, 2002, p.21
- ^ a b c d Bonilla et al., 2016, p.19
- ^ Gómez Tapias et al., 2015, p.209
- ^ a b Bonilla et al., 2016, p.22
- ^ a b Duarte et al., 2019
- ^ García González et al., 2009
- ^ Pulido & Gómez, 2001
- ^ García González et al., 2009, p.60
Bibliography
edit- Acosta, Jorge E.; Guatame, Rafael; Caicedo A., Juan Carlos; Cárdenas, Jorge Ignacio (2002), Mapa Geológico de Colombia - Plancha 245 - Girardot - 1:100,000 - Memoria Explicativa, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1–92
- Acosta, Jorge E.; Ulloa, Carlos E. (2001), Mapa Geológico de Colombia - Plancha 246 - Fusagasugá - 1:100,000 - Memoria Explicativa, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1–77
Maps
edit- Acosta, Jorge E.; Guatame, Rafael; Torres, Oscar; Solano, Frank (1999), Plancha 245 - Girardot - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
- Acosta, Jorge E.; Ulloa, Carlos E. (1998), Plancha 246 - Fusagasugá - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06