[go: up one dir, main page]
Wikipedia

Eurovision Song Contest 1996

(Redirected from 1996 Eurovision Song Contest)

The Eurovision Song Contest 1996 was the 41st edition of the Eurovision Song Contest, held on 18 May 1996 at the Oslo Spektrum in Oslo, Norway. Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Norsk rikskringkasting (NRK) and presented by Ingvild Bryn and Morten Harket, the contest was held in Norway following the country's victory at the 1995 contest with the song "Nocturne" by Secret Garden.

Eurovision Song Contest 1996
Dates
Final18 May 1996
Host
VenueOslo Spektrum
Oslo, Norway
Presenter(s)
Musical directorFrode Thingnæs
Directed byPål Veiglum
Executive supervisorChristine Marchal-Ortiz
Executive producerOdd Arvid Strømstad
Host broadcasterNorsk rikskringkasting (NRK)
Websiteeurovision.tv/event/oslo-1996 Edit this at Wikidata
Participants
Number of entries23
Debuting countriesNone
Returning countries
Non-returning countries
  • A coloured map of the countries of EuropeBelgium in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Italy in the Eurovision Song ContestNetherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Switzerland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Monaco in the Eurovision Song ContestLuxembourg in the Eurovision Song ContestSpain in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Denmark in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Finland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Norway in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Portugal in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Malta in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Austria in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996France in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Turkey in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Yugoslavia in the Eurovision Song ContestMorocco in the Eurovision Song ContestCyprus in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Iceland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Croatia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Slovenia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Estonia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Slovakia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Hungary in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Romania in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Lithuania in the Eurovision Song ContestPoland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Russia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996Macedonia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996
         Finalist countries     Countries eliminated in the qualifying round     Countries that participated in the past but not in 1996
Vote
Voting systemEach country awarded 12, 10, 8–1 points to their ten favourite songs
Winning song
1995 ← Eurovision Song Contest → 1997

Thirty countries submitted entries to the contest, with a non-public, audio-only qualifying round held two months before the final to reduce the number of participants from 30 to 23. The entries from Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Macedonia, Romania, and Russia were subsequently eliminated, which resulted in Germany being absent from the contest for the first – and as of 2024 only – time.

The winner was Ireland with the song "The Voice", written by Brendan Graham and performed by Eimear Quinn. This gave the nation a record-extending seventh contest win, their fourth win in five years, with Graham also recording his second win as a songwriter in three years after having written the winning song at the 1994 contest. Norway, Sweden, Croatia, and Estonia took the remaining places in the top five, with Croatia, Estonia, and Portugal, which placed sixth, achieving their best results to date. This was the final contest where the results were determined solely by jury voting, with a trial use of televoting in the following year's event leading to widespread adoption from 1998 onwards.

Location

edit
 
Oslo Spektrum, Oslo – host venue of the 1996 contest

The 1996 contest took place in Oslo, Norway, following the country's victory at the 1995 contest with the song "Nocturne", performed by Secret Garden. It was the second time that Norway had hosted the contest, following the 1986 contest staged in Bergen.[1] The chosen venue was the Oslo Spektrum, an indoor arena opened in 1990 and located in the Sentrum district of the city, which has hosted music concerts, ice hockey matches, and the annual Nobel Peace Prize Concert.[2][3] Around 6,000 spectators were present in the venue during the contest.[4][5][6]

Participating countries

edit
Further information: List of countries in the Eurovision Song Contest
Eurovision Song Contest 1996 – Participation summaries by country
Countries in italics failed to progress from the qualifying round

A total of thirty countries submitted entries for the 1996 contest, however per the rules of the event only twenty-three countries would be allowed to participate. Norway, by virtue of being the host country, was guaranteed a place, with all remaining countries competing in the qualifying round in order to gain a spot in the event.[7] Initially broadcasters from thirty-three countries expressed an interest in participating, however planned entries from Bulgaria, Moldova, and Ukraine failed to materialise; these nations would eventually make their contest debuts in the 2000s.[8]

Three representatives who had performed as lead artists in previous contests featured among the performers at this event. Marianna Efstratiou represented Greece for the second time, having previously competed in the 1989 contest, while Elisabeth Andreassen made her fourth contest appearance, having competed for Sweden in 1982 as a member of the band Chips, as well as representing Norway twice, winning the contest in 1985 as a member of Bobbysocks! and performing with Jan Werner Danielsen in 1994.[9] Additionally, Georgina Abela, who had represented Malta at the 1991 contest with Paul Giordimaina, returned as a backing singer for the Maltese entrant Miriam Christine.[10]

Participants of the Eurovision Song Contest 1996[9][11]
Country Broadcaster Artist Song Language Songwriter(s) Conductor
  Austria ORF George Nussbaumer [de] "Weil's dr guat got" German[a]
  • Mischa Krausz
  • George Nussbaumer
 Mischa Krausz
  Belgium BRTN Lisa del Bo "Liefde is een kaartspel" Dutch
Bob Porter
  Bosnia and Herzegovina RTVBiH Amila Glamočak "Za našu ljubav" Bosnian
Sinan Alimanović
  Croatia HRT Maja Blagdan "Sveta ljubav" Croatian Zrinko Tutić Alan Bjelinski
  Cyprus CyBC Constantinos "Mono gia mas" (Μόνο για μας) Greek
  • Andreas Giorgallis
  • Rodoula Papalambrianou
 Stavros Lantsias
  Estonia ETV Maarja-Liis Ilus and Ivo Linna "Kaelakee hääl" Estonian
  • Priit Pajusaar
  • Kaari Sillamaa
 Tarmo Leinatamm
  Finland YLE Jasmine "Niin kaunis on taivas" Finnish Timo Niemi Olli Ahvenlahti
  France France Télévision Dan Ar Braz and l'Héritage des Celtes "Diwanit bugale" Breton Dan Ar Braz Fiachra Trench
  Greece ERT Marianna Efstratiou "Emis forame to himona anixiatika"
(Εμείς φοράμε το χειμώνα ανοιξιάτικα) 		Greek
Mihalis Rozakis
  Iceland RÚV Anna Mjöll "Sjúbídú" Icelandic
Ólafur Gaukur Þórhallsson
  Ireland RTÉ Eimear Quinn "The Voice" English Brendan Graham Noel Kelehan
  Malta PBS Miriam Christine "In a Woman's Heart" English
  • Paul Abela
  • Alfred Sant
 Paul Abela
  Netherlands NOS Maxine and Franklin Brown "De eerste keer" Dutch
Dick Bakker
  Norway NRK Elisabeth Andreassen "I evighet" Norwegian Torhild Nigar Frode Thingnæs
  Poland TVP Kasia Kowalska "Chcę znać swój grzech" Polish
Wiesław Pieregorólka
  Portugal RTP Lúcia Moniz "O meu coração não tem cor" Portuguese
  • José Fanha
  • Pedro Osório
 Pedro Osório
  Slovakia STV Marcel Palonder "Kým nás máš" Slovak
  • Juraj Burian
  • Jozef Urban
 Juraj Burian
  Slovenia RTVSLO Regina "Dan najlepših sanj" Slovene Aleksander Kogoj Jože Privšek
  Spain TVE Antonio Carbonell "Ay, qué deseo" Spanish
Eduardo Leiva
  Sweden SVT One More Time "Den vilda" Swedish
Anders Berglund
   Switzerland SRG SSR Kathy Leander "Mon cœur l'aime" French Régis Mounir Rui dos Reis
  Turkey TRT Şebnem Paker "Beşinci Mevsim" Turkish
  United Kingdom BBC Gina G "Ooh Aah... Just a Little Bit" English
Ernie Dunstall
Entires which failed to progress from the qualifying round[8]
Country Broadcaster Artist Song Language Songwriter(s)
  Denmark DR Dorte Andersen [dk] and Martin Loft [dk] "Kun med dig" Danish
  Germany NDR[b] Leon "Planet of Blue" German
  Hungary MTV Gjon Delhusa "Fortuna" Hungarian Gjon Delhusa
  Israel IBA Galit Bell "Shalom Olam" (שלום עולם) Hebrew
  • Eyal Madan
  • Doron Vitenberg
  Macedonia MRT Kaliopi "Samo ti" (Само ти) Macedonian Kaliopi
  Romania TVR Monica Anghel and Sincron "Rugă pentru pacea lumii" Romanian
  • Cornel Fugaru
  • Mirela Voiculescu
  Russia RTR Andrey Kosinskiy "Ya eto ya" (Я это я) Russian
  • Nikolai Denisov
  • Andrey Kosinskiy

Production

edit
 
Oslo City Hall, location of the welcome reception
 
In addition to serving as co-presenter of the 1996 contest, Morten Harket (pictured in 2013) also performed as the show's opening act.

The Eurovision Song Contest 1996 was produced by the Norwegian public broadcaster Norsk rikskringkasting (NRK). Odd Arvid Strømstad served as executive producer, Pål Veiglum served as director, Bjarte Ulfstein served as designer, and Frode Thingnæs served as musical director, leading the Norwegian Radio Orchestra.[7][13] A separate musical director could be nominated by each country to lead the orchestra during their performance, with the host musical director also available to conduct for those countries which did not nominate their own conductor.[9][14] On behalf of the contest organisers, the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), the event was overseen by Christine Marchal-Ortiz as executive supervisor.[15][16][17]

The show was presented by the Norwegian journalist and television presenter Ingvild Bryn and the Norwegian singer Morten Harket, lead vocalist of the Norwegian band a-ha.[7][18][19] The contest underwent a re-brand for this edition, as NRK set out to improve the image of the competition and broaden its audience appeal.[20] The event was referred to by the hosts and through on-screen captions as Eurosong '96, the only occasion in which this contraction was officially used to refer to the event.[4][7]

Rehearsals in the contest venue for the competing acts began on 13 May 1996. Each country had two technical rehearsals in the week approaching the contest, with countries rehearsing in the order in which they would perform. The first rehearsals took place on 13 and 14 May, with each country allowed 40 minutes total on stage, followed by 20 minutes to review recordings with producers and to consult on suggested changes, and then a 20-minute press conference. Each country's second rehearsals took place on 15 and 16 May, with 30 minutes total on stage followed by another 20 minute press conference. A full technical rehearsal with all artists took place on the afternoon of 17 May, followed by two dress rehearsals with an audience on the evening of 17 May and the following afternoon.[4] The competing delegations were invited to a welcome reception during the week in the build-up to the event, hosted by the Mayor of Oslo at Oslo City Hall on the evening of 13 May, as well as to events during the rehearsal week including a sailing trip on the Oslofjord and a trip to the Norsk Folkemuseum in Bygdøy where a special Eurovision-themed exhibition had been installed.[4][6][21]

NRK introduced visual effects to the contest for the first time.[22] Computer-generated imagery (CGI) was featured as overlays during the broadcast of the competing entries, and the voting segment was conducted via chroma key technology built by Silicon Graphics; during this segment host Ingvild Bryn was situated in the "blue room", a special area to the side of the stage with a blue-coloured background, which allowed the contest scoreboard to be rendered virtually using CGI.[18][23][22] The chroma key virtual display also included live footage of the artists in the green room backstage, as well as the video feeds of each country's spokespersons as they delivered their country's points.[7][24]

Format

edit

Each participating broadcaster submitted one song, which was required to be no longer than three minutes in duration and performed in the language, or one of the languages, of the country which it represented.[25][26] A maximum of six performers were allowed on stage during each country's performance, and all participants were required to have reached the age of 16 in the year of the contest.[25][27] Each entry could utilise all or part of the live orchestra and could use instrumental-only backing tracks, however any backing tracks used could only include the sound of instruments featured on stage being mimed by the performers.[27][28]

New qualification system

edit

In 1996, a trial qualification process replaced the relegation system used from 1993 to 1995, whereby the lowest-ranked countries in each final were eliminated from the following year's contest. Under the new procedure, an audio preselection was organised for all participating countries, apart from the host country Norway, which received an automatic right to compete in the final, to be joined by an additional 22 countries. National juries in all competing countries, including Norway, listened to the submitted entries on audio tape, with juries required to listen to all songs three times before voting. Each of the eight members on each country's jury awarded their favourite song twelve points, their second-favourite ten points, their third-favourite eight points, with subsequent points being awarded consecutively down to each juror's tenth-favourite song being awarded one point, with the points awarded by all jurors being totalled to determine each country's top ten songs which were awarded points in the same manner. Jury members who voted in the qualifying round were not allowed to sit on the jury for the final.[8][18]

The European Broadcasting Union (EBU) required all entries to be submitted by 20 March 1996.[8] Jury voting was held on 20 and 21 March, with the qualifying countries publicly revealed on 22 March, at the same time as the running order draw for the final was conducted.[29][30] The full results of how individual juries had voted was not intended to be revealed publicly, but the full breakdown has since become available.[5][8]

Voting procedure

edit
Further information: Voting at the Eurovision Song Contest

The results of the 1996 contest were determined using the scoring system introduced in 1975: each country awarded twelve points to its favourite entry, followed by ten points to its second favourite, and then awarded points in decreasing value from eight to one for the remaining songs which featured in the country's top ten, with countries unable to vote for their own entry.[31] The points awarded by each country were determined by an assembled jury of sixteen individuals, which was required to be split evenly between members of the public and music professionals, between men and women, and by age. Each jury member voted in secret and awarded between one and ten votes to each participating song, excluding that from their own country and with no abstentions permitted. The votes of each member were collected following the country's performance and then tallied by the non-voting jury chairperson to determine the points to be awarded. In any cases where two or more songs in the top ten received the same number of votes, a show of hands by all jury members was used to determine the final placing.[32][33] This was the last occasion that juries alone decided the result of the contest, as five nations introduced public televoting as a trial in 1997, and almost all other countries followed suit the next year.[7][28]

Postcards

edit

The "postcards" were 70-second video introductions shown on television whilst the stage is being prepared for the next contestant to perform their entry; the postcards for each country at the 1996 contest was made up of three segments. In the first segment the participating country was highlighted geographically on a map of Europe, followed by video footage of that country's competing artist or artists in their home country during their day-to-day lives, which also featured each artist packing a branded backpack with important items which they would take with them to Oslo. The second segment featured footage of nature scenes in Norway as well as Norwegian people in everyday life, often accompanied by music from Norwegian electronic group Subgud. The final segment consisted of a pre-recorded good luck message from a representative of each respective country in the language of that country.[34][35] The seniority of these figures varied between the different countries; among the contributors were then-President of Turkey Süleyman Demirel, who survived an assassination attempt on the day of the contest, and then-Prime Minister of Portugal António Guterres, who would later become the Secretary-General of the United Nations in 2017.[4][36][37] The individuals who provided messages for each country are shown below, alongside the position which they held at the time of the contest and the language in which they provided their message.[34]

Contest overview

edit

Qualifying round

edit

The qualifying round took place on 20 and 21 March 1996, and the results were announced on 22 March.[29][30] The table below outlines the participating countries, the order in which the juries listened to the entries, the competing artists and songs, and the results of the voting. Countries were ordered alphabetically by ISO two-letter country code.[8]

The entries from Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Macedonia, Romania, and Russia were eliminated following the qualifying round.[5][7][8] This marked the first time that Germany was absent from the contest and remains the only occasion to date where the nation has not participated in the contest final.[7][38] Additionally Macedonia's first attempt to compete in the contest is not considered a debut entry by the EBU, with the nation eventually going on to make their official televised debut in 1998.[39]

Hungary and Finland tied on the same score for the final qualification place, however Finland qualified for the contest due to them having received the highest individual score (8 points) compared to Hungary (7 points).[8]

Results of the qualifying round of the Eurovision Song Contest 1996[8][40]
R/O Country Artist Song Points Place
1   Austria George Nussbaumer "Weil's dr guat got" 80 6
2   Bosnia and Herzegovina Amila Glamočak "Za našu ljubav" 29 21
3   Belgium Lisa del Bo "Liefde is een kaartspel" 45 12
4    Switzerland Kathy Leander "Mon cœur l'aime" 67 8
5   Cyprus Constantinos "Mono gia mas" 42 15
6   Germany Leon "Planet of Blue" 24 24
7   Denmark Dorthe Andersen and Martin Loft "Kun med dig" 22 25
8   Estonia Maarja-Liis Ilus and Ivo Linna "Kaelakee hääl" 106 5
9   Spain Antonio Carbonell "Ay, qué deseo" 43 14
10   Finland Jasmine "Niin kaunis on taivas" 26 22
11   France Dan Ar Braz and l'Héritage des Celtes "Diwanit bugale" 55 11
12   United Kingdom Gina G "Ooh Aah... Just a Little Bit" 153 3
13   Greece Marianna Efstratiou "Emis forame to himona anixiatika" 45 12
14   Croatia Maja Blagdan "Sveta ljubav" 30 19
15   Hungary Gjon Delhusa "Fortuna" 26 23
16   Ireland Eimear Quinn "The Voice" 198 2
17   Israel Galit Bell "Shalom Olam" 12 28
18   Iceland Anna Mjöll "Sjúbídú" 59 10
19   Macedonia Kaliopi "Samo ti" 14 26
20   Malta Miriam Christine "In a Woman's Heart" 138 4
21   Netherlands Maxine and Franklin Brown "De eerste keer" 63 9
22   Poland Kasia Kowalska "Chcę znać swój grzech" 42 15
23   Portugal Lúcia Moniz "O meu coração não tem cor" 32 18
24   Romania Monica Anghel and Sincron "Rugă pentru pacea lumii" 11 29
25   Russia Andrey Kosinskiy "Ya eto ya" 14 26
26   Sweden One More Time "Den vilda" 227 1
27   Slovenia Regina "Dan najlepših sanj" 30 19
28   Slovakia Marcel Palonder "Kým nás máš" 38 17
29   Turkey Şebnem Paker "Beşinci Mevsim" 69 7

Final

edit
 
Eimear Quinn, the winning artist of the 1996 Eurovision Song Contest

The contest took place on 18 May 1996 at 21:00 (CEST) and lasted 3 hours and 7 minutes.[7][9] In addition to his role as host, Harket also performed the song "Heaven's Not for Saints" as the show's opening act.[4] The interval act, entitled "Vardebrenning" or "Beacon Burning", was created by Petter Skavlan. The act featured a film montage created by Nils Gaup which combined stev, jazz, and Norwegian folk music as part of a musical tour of Norway, followed by a dance number performed live in the Oslo Spektrum by the Oslo Danse Ensemble, composed by Egil Monn-Iversen and choreographed by Runar Borge. The film section featured performances by Torbjørg Aamlid Paus, Bukkene Bruse, Bendik Hofseth, Håvard Gimse, Helge Kjekshus, the Brazz Brothers, Mari Boine and Terje Rypdal.[34][41]

The winner was Ireland, represented by the song "The Voice", written by Brendan Graham and performed by Eimear Quinn.[42] This was Ireland's seventh contest win, extending their record achieved in 1994, as well as their fourth contest win in five years following their victories in the 1992, 1993 and 1994 contests.[43] Graham recorded his second contest win in three years as a songwriter, having written the winning song of the 1994 contest "Rock 'n' Roll Kids", and thus became one of five individuals to have won the contest more than once as an artist or songwriter up to that point in time, alongside Willy van Hemert, Yves Dessca, Johnny Logan and Rolf Løvland.[18][44] Croatia, Estonia and Portugal achieved their highest placings to date by finishing fourth, fifth and sixth respectively, while Finland finished in last place for the eighth time.[45][46][47][48]

During the announcement of the Spanish votes, the Spanish spokesperson Belén Fernández de Henestrosa referred to the Netherlands as "Holland", which was misheard by Ingvild Bryn as "Poland" and which resulted in the Spanish six points being incorrectly attributed to the latter country.[34] The results of the contest were amended after the event to correct this error, and the tables in this article present the corrected results as published by the EBU.[49]

Results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1996[9][50]
R/O Country Artist Song Points Place
1   Turkey Şebnem Paker "Beşinci Mevsim" 57 12
2   United Kingdom Gina G "Ooh Aah... Just a Little Bit" 77 8
3   Spain Antonio Carbonell "Ay, qué deseo" 17 20
4   Portugal Lúcia Moniz "O meu coração não tem cor" 92 6
5   Cyprus Constantinos "Mono gia mas" 72 9
6   Malta Miriam Christine "In a Woman's Heart" 68 10
7   Croatia Maja Blagdan "Sveta ljubav" 98 4
8   Austria George Nussbaumer "Weil's dr guat got" 68 10
9    Switzerland Kathy Leander "Mon cœur l'aime" 22 16
10   Greece Marianna Efstratiou "Emis forame to himona anixiatika" 36 14
11   Estonia Maarja-Liis Ilus and Ivo Linna "Kaelakee hääl" 94 5
12   Norway Elisabeth Andreassen "I evighet" 114 2
13   France Dan Ar Braz and l'Héritage des Celtes "Diwanit bugale" 18 19
14   Slovenia Regina "Dan najlepših sanj" 16 21
15   Netherlands Maxine and Franklin Brown "De eerste keer" 78 7
16   Belgium Lisa del Bo "Liefde is een kaartspel" 22 16
17   Ireland Eimear Quinn "The Voice" 162 1
18   Finland Jasmine "Niin kaunis on taivas" 9 23
19   Iceland Anna Mjöll "Sjúbídú" 51 13
20   Poland Kasia Kowalska "Chcę znać swój grzech" 31 15
21   Bosnia and Herzegovina Amila Glamočak "Za našu ljubav" 13 22
22   Slovakia Marcel Palonder "Kým nás máš" 19 18
23   Sweden One More Time "Den vilda" 100 3

Spokespersons

edit
 
Ragnhild Sælthun Fjørtoft, the Norwegian spokesperson

Each country nominated a spokesperson who was responsible for announcing, in English or French, the votes for their respective country.[25] As had been the case since the 1994 contest, the spokespersons were connected via satellite and appeared in vision during the broadcast, with the exception of the Norwegian spokesperson, Ragnhild Sælthun Fjørtoft, who appeared in person in the Oslo Spektrum.[18][51] Spokespersons at the 1996 contest are listed below.[34]

  1.   Turkey – Ömer Önder [tr]
  2.   United Kingdom – Colin Berry[49]
  3.   Spain – Belén Fernández de Henestrosa[49]
  4.   Portugal – Cristina Rocha
  5.   Cyprus – Marios Skordis
  6.   Malta – Ruth Amaira
  7.   Croatia – Daniela Trbović [hr][52]
  8.   Austria – Martina Rupp [de]
  9.    Switzerland – Yves Ménestrier
  10.   Greece – Niki Venega
  11.   Estonia – Annika Talvik[53]
  12.   Norway – Ragnhild Sælthun Fjørtoft[18]
  13.   France – Laurent Broomhead
  14.   Slovenia – Mario Galunič [sl]
  15.   Netherlands – Marcha
  16.   Belgium – An Ploegaerts
  17.   Ireland – Eileen Dunne[54]
  18.   Finland – Solveig Herlin
  19.   Iceland – Svanhildur Konráðsdóttir
  20.   Poland – Jan Chojnacki
  21.   Bosnia and Herzegovina – Segmedina Srna
  22.   Slovakia – Alena Heribanová [sk]
  23.   Sweden – Ulla Rundqvist[55]

Detailed voting results

edit

Jury voting was used to determine the points awarded by all countries.[49] The announcement of the results from each country was conducted in the order in which they performed, with the spokespersons announcing their country's points in English or French in ascending order.[34] The detailed breakdown of the points awarded by each country is listed in the tables below.

Qualifying round

edit
Detailed voting results in the qualifying round[56]
Total score
Austria
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Belgium
Switzerland
Cyprus
Germany
Denmark
Estonia
Spain
Finland
France
United Kingdom
Greece
Croatia
Hungary
Ireland
Israel
Iceland
Macedonia
Malta
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russia
Sweden
Slovenia
Slovakia
Turkey
Contestants
 Austria 80 6 1 6 1 2 5 2 12 6 3 10 12 5 2 7
Bosnia and Herzegovina 29 2 3 3 1 6 2 12
Belgium 45 8 4 7 4 6 2 4 6 2 2
Switzerland 67 3 3 3 7 5 7 8 5 6 3 7 4 6
Cyprus 42 4 2 12 5 5 4 4 6
Germany 24 5 5 10 3 1
Denmark 22 4 3 1 2 2 1 4 5
Estonia 106 5 5 4 8 8 8 1 6 5 1 10 10 5 5 3 12 7 3
Spain 43 2 4 4 8 8 1 4 8 4
Finland 26 6 8 5 7
France 55 6 8 3 5 6 10 6 4 4 3
United Kingdom 153 10 7 10 5 7 2 7 10 1 7 8 12 3 7 8 1 10 8 12 1 5 12
Greece 45 12 7 7 2 5 5 7
Croatia 30 1 7 2 1 3 1 1 8 6
Hungary 26 1 2 1 6 2 3 3 7 1
Ireland 198 12 12 8 7 8 3 10 2 10 8 12 10 2 10 12 6 6 10 3 7 10 10 10 10
Israel 12 3 4 5
Iceland 59 5 7 5 6 7 12 6 8 3
Macedonia 14 2 4 2 1 5
Malta 138 6 10 8 7 6 1 12 4 7 10 8 6 4 7 2 12 3 6 12 7
Netherlands 63 4 3 10 2 12 3 3 7 12 5 2
Poland 42 7 10 3 1 1 8 10 2
Portugal 32 4 6 6 5 1 4 3 2 1
Romania 11 4 1 6
Russia 14 5 4 5
Sweden 227 8 10 12 12 1 12 12 12 12 7 8 10 12 8 8 12 12 7 12 8 10 6 8 8
Slovenia 30 2 1 4 3 5 10 1 2 2
Slovakia 38 2 5 6 3 12 10
Turkey 69 8 10 10 6 4 4 4 4 7 8 1 3

12 points

edit

The below table summarises how the maximum 12 points were awarded from one country to another in the qualifying round.[56]

Distribution of 12 points awarded at the qualifying round[56]
N. Contestant Nation(s) giving 12 points
10   Sweden   Belgium,   Denmark,   Estonia,   Finland,   Germany,   Ireland,   Macedonia,   Netherlands,   Poland,    Switzerland
4   Ireland   Austria,   Bosnia and Herzegovina,   Iceland,   United Kingdom
3   Malta   Romania,   Slovakia,   Spain
  United Kingdom   Israel,   Sweden,   Turkey
2   Austria   France,   Malta
  Netherlands   Hungary,   Portugal
1   Bosnia and Herzegovina   Slovenia
  Cyprus   Greece
  Estonia   Russia
  Greece   Cyprus
  Iceland   Norway
  Slovakia   Croatia

Final

edit
Detailed voting results in the final[49][57][58]
Total score
Turkey
United Kingdom
Spain
Portugal
Cyprus
Malta
Croatia
Austria
Switzerland
Greece
Estonia
Norway
France
Slovenia
Netherlands
Belgium
Ireland
Finland
Iceland
Poland
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Slovakia
Sweden
Contestants
 Turkey 57 6 8 10 1 6 4 7 5 5 5
United Kingdom 77 3 12 1 6 7 3 4 2 8 12 3 4 6 6
Spain 17 2 5 4 6
Portugal 92 5 2 12 10 1 10 5 12 5 6 6 3 10 1 4
Cyprus 72 12 7 3 2 8 2 5 12 2 1 6 10 2
Malta 68 10 10 12 8 1 4 6 12 5
Croatia 98 8 4 5 10 8 7 1 1 6 7 3 5 4 6 5 2 10 5 1
Austria 68 4 5 12 2 7 12 1 8 8 6 3
Switzerland 22 3 2 4 2 4 4 3
Greece 36 7 10 1 2 3 1 1 8 3
Estonia 94 10 4 7 5 8 1 8 3 2 12 12 10 12
Norway 114 2 8 2 3 5 8 7 5 7 10 10 8 7 7 8 4 3 10
France 18 1 1 3 4 7 2
Slovenia 16 1 6 1 8
Netherlands 78 1 6 7 5 12 3 4 10 5 1 5 2 7 2 8
Belgium 22 5 12 2 1 2
Ireland 162 12 8 6 4 7 12 10 12 10 6 12 12 3 10 12 12 7 7
Finland 9 2 7
Iceland 51 3 6 6 3 8 5 6 10 3 1
Poland 31 7 4 4 7 7 2
Bosnia and Herzegovina 13 6 3 3 1
Slovakia 19 2 8 4 5
Sweden 100 4 10 8 10 6 3 7 8 10 12 8 6 4 4

12 points

edit

The below table summarises how the maximum 12 points were awarded from one country to another in the final. The winning country is shown in bold.[57][58]

Distribution of 12 points awarded at the final[57][58]
N. Contestant Nation(s) giving 12 points
7   Ireland   Bosnia and Herzegovina,   Estonia,   Netherlands,   Poland,   Slovenia,    Switzerland,   Turkey
3   Estonia   Finland,   Iceland,   Sweden
2   Austria   France,   Malta
  Cyprus   Greece,   United Kingdom
  Malta   Croatia,   Slovakia
  Portugal   Cyprus,   Norway
  United Kingdom   Belgium,   Portugal
1   Belgium   Spain
  Netherlands   Austria
  Sweden   Ireland

Broadcasts

edit

Each participating broadcaster was required to relay the contest via its networks. Non-participating EBU member broadcasters were also able to relay the contest as "passive participants". Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their television viewers.[27] Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators are shown in the tables below.

Broadcasters and commentators in participating countries
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Ref.
  Austria ORF ORF 1 Ernst Grissemann [59][60]
FM4 Stermann & Grissemann [61]
  Belgium BRTN TV1 Michel Follet and Johan Verstreken [62][63]
Radio 2 Guy De Pré [nl] and Bart Pieters [64]
RTBF RTBF1 Jean-Pierre Hautier and Sandra Kim [65][66]
  Croatia HRT HRT1 Aleksandar Kostadinov [52]
  Cyprus CyBC RIK 1 Evi Papamichail [67]
  Estonia ETV [68]
  Finland YLE TV1 Erkki Pohjanheimo, Sanna Kojo and Minna Pentti [69][70]
Radio Suomi Iris Mattila and Pasi Hiihtola [70]
  France France Télévision France 2 Olivier Minne [71]
  Iceland RÚV Sjónvarpið, Rás 2 Jakob Frímann Magnússon [72]
  Ireland RTÉ RTÉ One Pat Kenny [73]
RTÉ Radio 1 Larry Gogan [73][74]
  Malta PBS TVM Charles Saliba [75]
  Netherlands NOS TV2 Willem van Beusekom [62]
Radio 2
  Norway NRK NRK Fjernsynet Jostein Pedersen [76][77]
NRK P1 Stein Dag Jensen [no] and Anita Skorgan [76][78]
  Poland TVP TVP1 Dorota Osman [79][80]
  Portugal RTP RTP1[c] [82]
  Slovakia STV STV2 [83]
  Slovenia RTVSLO SLO 1 [sl] Miša Molk [84]
Val 202 [85]
  Spain TVE La Primera José Luis Uribarri [86]
  Sweden SVT SVT2 Björn Kjellman [87]
SR SR P3 Claes-Johan Larsson and Lisa Syrén [88]
   Switzerland SRG SSR Schweiz 4 Sandra Studer [59]
TSR Pierre Grandjean [89]
Radio Z [de] [90]
  Turkey TRT TRT 1 [91]
  United Kingdom BBC BBC1[d] Terry Wogan [92]
BBC Radio 2 Ken Bruce [93]
Broadcasters and commentators in non-participating countries
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Ref.
  Australia SBS SBS TV[e] [94]
  Denmark DR DR TV Jørgen de Mylius [95]
DR P3 Katrine Nyland Sørensen, Martin Loft and Marianne Dinesen
  Faroe Islands SvF [96]
  Germany MDR MDR Fernsehen[f] Ulf Ansorge [de] [65][97][98]
NDR/RB N3[f]
SFB B1[f]
WDR WDR Fernsehen[f]
  Greenland KNR KNR[g] Jørgen de Mylius [99]
  Hungary MTV MTV 2 István Vágó [100]
  Israel IBA Channel 1 [101]
  Jordan JRTV JTV2 [102]
  Lithuania LRT LTV [103]
  Romania TVR TVR 1 Doina Caramzulescu and Costin Grigore [104][105]
  Yugoslavia RTS RTS 2 [106]

Notes and references

edit

Notes

edit
  1. ^ Specifically Vorarlbergisch, a High Alemannic dialect
  2. ^ On behalf of the German public broadcasting consortium ARD[12]
  3. ^ Additional live broadcast on RTP Internacional[81]
  4. ^ Additional live broadcast on BBC Prime[81]
  5. ^ Deferred broadcast on 19 May at 20:30 (AEST)[94]
  6. ^ a b c d The contest was broadcast live on select Third Program [de] channels of Germany's ARD, with a deferred broadcast on Das Erste at 00:35 (CEST).[65][97][98]
  7. ^ Deferred broadcast at 21:45 (WGST)[99]

References

edit
  1. ^ "Norway – Country Profile". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  2. ^ "Om oss – Oslo Spektrum Arena" [About us – Oslo Spektrum Arena] (in Norwegian). Oslo Spektrum Arena. Archived from the original on 17 July 2022. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  3. ^ "Overview | Nobel Peace Prize Concert". Nobel Peace Prize Concert. 5 November 2011. Archived from the original on 5 November 2011. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Roxburgh 2020, pp. 261–263.
  5. ^ a b c O'Connor 2010, pp. 144–147.
  6. ^ a b Isberg, Gry (14 May 1996). "EuroSong skal skaffe solid Norges-reklame" [Eurovision will provide solid Norwegian advertising]. Moss Avis (in Norwegian). Moss, Norway. p. 14. Archived from the original on 16 November 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2022 – via National Library of Norway.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Oslo 1996 – Eurovision Song Contest". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i Roxburgh 2020, pp. 255–260.
  9. ^ a b c d e Roxburgh 2020, pp. 263–273.
  10. ^ Zammit, Nicole (23 April 2023). "Tagħlaq Żmienha L-Kantanta Popolari Georgina Abela" [Popular Singer Georgina Abela Ends Her Time] (in Maltese). Gwida. Archived from the original on 28 October 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
  11. ^ "Participants of Oslo 1996". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 28 January 2023. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
  12. ^ "Alle deutschen ESC-Acts und ihre Titel" [All German ESC acts and their songs]. eurovision.de (in German). ARD. Archived from the original on 12 June 2023. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
  13. ^ Roxburgh 2020, p. 277.
  14. ^ O'Connor 2010, p. 217.
  15. ^ "The Organisers behind the Eurovision Song Contest". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 25 September 2024. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  16. ^ Jordan, Paul; Smulders, Stijn (10 October 2017). "Christine Marchal-Ortiz: 'I feel so nostalgic about Eurovision'". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  17. ^ O'Connor 2010, p. 210.
  18. ^ a b c d e f "Recalling Ireland's record seventh win in 1996". European Broadcasting Union. 18 May 2014. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
  19. ^ "Programlederne i Euro Song 96: Ingvild Bryn og Morten Harket" [The presenters of Euro Song 96: Ingvild Bryn and Morten Harket] (Press release) (in Norwegian). NRK. Archived from the original on 3 February 1999. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
  20. ^ Marlowe, Chris (11 May 1996). "Norway Shapes a New-style Eurovision" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 13, no. 19. Amsterdam: BPI Communications. p. 10. ISSN 1385-612X. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 August 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  21. ^ "Grand Prix-sirkus på museum" [Grand Prix circus at the museum]. Østlands-Posten (in Norwegian). Larvik, Norway. 23 March 1996. p. 10. Archived from the original on 16 November 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2022 – via National Library of Norway.
  22. ^ a b "EuroSong '96". NRK. Archived from the original on 22 February 1997. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
  23. ^ Fox, David (12 May 1996). "Network: The scores on the virtual doors". The Independent. Archived from the original on 14 February 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
  24. ^ Hughes, David (1996). "Virtual studio technology – The 1996 Eurovision Song Contest" (PDF). EBU Technical Review. European Broadcasting Union. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
  25. ^ a b c "How it works – Eurovision Song Contest". European Broadcasting Union. 18 May 2019. Archived from the original on 31 May 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
  26. ^ "Jerusalem 1999 – Eurovision Song Contest". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 29 June 2022. For the first time since the 1970s participants were free to choose which language they performed in.
  27. ^ a b c "The Rules of the Contest". European Broadcasting Union. 31 October 2018. Archived from the original on 4 October 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
  28. ^ a b Escudero, Victor M. (18 April 2020). "#EurovisionAgain travels back to Dublin 1997". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 23 May 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
  29. ^ a b "Israel og Tyskland ute av Grand Prix" [Israel and Germany out of Eurovision]. Haugesunds Avis (in Norwegian). Haugesund, Norway. 23 March 1996. p. 9. Archived from the original on 6 January 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2022 – via National Library of Norway.
  30. ^ a b "Suomen Jasmine mukaan euroviisuihin" [Finland's Jasmine joins the Eurovision Song Contest]. Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). 23 May 1996. Archived from the original on 14 November 2022. Retrieved 14 November 2022.
  31. ^ "In a Nutshell – Eurovision Song Contest". European Broadcasting Union. 31 March 2017. Archived from the original on 26 June 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
  32. ^ Roxburgh 2020, pp. 273–276.
  33. ^ Roxburgh 2020, p. 73.
  34. ^ a b c d e f Eurovision Song Contest 1996 (Television programme). Oslo, Norway: Norsk rikskringkasting. 18 May 1996.
  35. ^ Hatlestad 2011, pp. 80–86.
  36. ^ "Demirel'e suikast girişiminde bulunan eczacı öldü" [Pharmacist who attempted to assassinate Demirel dies]. Hürriyet (in Turkish). 25 September 2013. Archived from the original on 15 July 2019.
  37. ^ Vuletic 2018, p. 201, Conclusion: Bridges, Diamonds and Fires.
  38. ^ "Germany – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
  39. ^ "North Macedonia – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
  40. ^ O'Connor 2010, p. 219.
  41. ^ Hatlestad 2011, pp. 96–102.
  42. ^ "Ireland – Oslo 1996". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 12 May 2018. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  43. ^ "Ireland – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
  44. ^ "Wouter Hardy met Zwitserland op weg naar nieuw songfestivalsucces" [Wouter Hardy on the way to new Eurovision success with Switzerland]. Ditjes en Datjes (in Dutch). 20 May 2021. Archived from the original on 25 October 2022. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
  45. ^ "Croatia – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
  46. ^ "Estonia – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
  47. ^ "Portugal – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
  48. ^ "Finland – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
  49. ^ a b c d e Roxburgh 2020, pp. 273–275.
  50. ^ "Final of Oslo 1996 – Eurovision Song Contest". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
  51. ^ "Dublin 1994 – Eurovision Song Contest". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 30 May 2022. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
  52. ^ a b "HRT – Subota, 18. svibnja" [HRT – Saturday, 18 May]. Koprivničke novine (in Croatian). Koprivnica, Croatia. 16 May 1996. p. 19. Retrieved 18 November 2024.
  53. ^ "Eesti žürii punktid edastab Eurovisioonil Tanel Padar" [The points of the Estonian jury will be announced by Tanel Padar at Eurovision] (in Estonian). Muusika Planeet. 14 May 2022. Archived from the original on 19 May 2022. Retrieved 25 June 2022.
  54. ^ O'Loughlin, Mikie (8 June 2021). "RTE Eileen Dunne's marriage to soap star Macdara O'Fatharta, their wedding day and grown up son Cormac". RSVP Live. Reach plc. Archived from the original on 8 June 2021. Retrieved 25 June 2022.
  55. ^ Thorsson & Verhage 2006, pp. 254–255.
  56. ^ a b c Roxburgh 2020, p. 259.
  57. ^ a b c "Results of the Final of Oslo 1996". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
  58. ^ a b c "Eurovision Song Contest 1996 – Scoreboard". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
  59. ^ a b "Radio / TV Samstag" [Radio / TV Saturday]. Freiburger Nachrichten [de] (in German). Fribourg, Switzerland. 18 May 1996. p. 10. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via E-newspaperarchives.ch.
  60. ^ Halbhuber, Axel (22 May 2015). "Ein virtueller Disput der ESC-Kommentatoren" [A virtual dispute between the ESC commentators]. Kurier (in German). Archived from the original on 23 May 2015. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  61. ^ "Song Contest mit Stermann & Grissemann" [Eurovision with Stermann & Grissemann] (in German). ORF. 1 May 2012. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
  62. ^ a b "Radio & Televisie Zaterdag" [Radio & Television Saturday]. Leidsch Dagblad (in Dutch). Leiden, Netherlands. 18 May 1996. p. 8. Archived from the original on 17 November 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  63. ^ "VRT schuift 'professor Eurosong' André Vermeulen opzij" [VRT pushes 'Professor Eurosong' André Vermeulen aside]. De Morgen (in Dutch). 9 April 2014. Archived from the original on 8 June 2023. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  64. ^ "Jaaroverzicht 1996" [Annual Review 1996] (PDF). Belgische Radio- en Televisieomroep Nederlandstalige Uitzendingen (BRTN) (in Dutch). 30 January 1996. p. 35. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
  65. ^ a b c "Samstag 18. Mai | Samedi 18 mai" [Saturday 18 May]. Télé-Revue (in German, French, and Luxembourgish). 15 May 1996. pp. 10–15. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
  66. ^ Legrand, Dominique (22 May 1996). "Comment exister, après ?" [How to exist afterwards?]. Le Soir (in French). Brussels, Belgium. Archived from the original on 15 November 2022. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
  67. ^ "41ος Διαγωνισμός Τραγουδιού Γιουροβίζιον '96" [41st Eurovision Song Contest '96]. Charavgi (in Greek). Nicosia, Cyprus. 18 May 1996. p. 10. Retrieved 5 March 2024 – via Press and Information Office [el].
  68. ^ "Televisioon" [Television]. Post (in Estonian). Tallinn, Estonia. 18 May 1996. p. 8. Archived from the original on 8 December 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via DIGAR [et].
  69. ^ Width, Terhi (18 May 1996). "Norjalaiset haluavat euroviisuille uutta ilmettä Euroviisuissa tutut suosikit: Iso-Britannia, Irlanti ja Ruotsi" [Norwegians want a new look for Eurovision, the familiar favorites in Eurovision: Great Britain, Ireland and Sweden]. Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Helsinki, Finland. Archived from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022. Selostuksesta vastaavat Sanna Kojo ja Erkki Pohjanheimo Oslossa ja Minna Pentti Pasilassa. [Commentary is provided by Sanna Kojo and Erkki Pohjanheimo in Oslo and Minna Pentti in Pasila.]
  70. ^ a b "Televisio & Radio" [Television & Radio]. Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Helsinki, Finland. 18 May 1996. pp. D15–D16. Archived from the original on 4 November 2022. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  71. ^ "les programmes TV – samedi 18 mai" [TV programmes – Saturday 18 May]. L'Est éclair [fr] (in French). Saint-André-les-Vergers, France. 18 May 1996. p. 27. Retrieved 23 September 2024 – via Aube en Champagne.
  72. ^ "Dagskrá Sjónvarpið – laugurdagur 18. maí" [TV program – Saturday 18 May]. Dagur (in Icelandic). Reykjavík, Iceland. 16 May 1996. p. 15. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via Timarit.is.
  73. ^ a b "Saturday: Television and Radio". The Irish Times Weekend. Dublin, Ireland. 18 May 1996. p. 6. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  74. ^ Sweeney, Ken (18 April 2012). "Larry Gogan loses his Eurovision ticket". Irish Independent. Archived from the original on 23 June 2022. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
  75. ^ "1996 Eurovision Song Contest". Times of Malta. 18 May 1996. p. 29.
  76. ^ a b "Radio- og TV-Programmene – Lørdag 18. mai 1996" [Radio and TV Programs – Saturday 18 May 1996]. Moss Dagblad (in Norwegian). Moss, Norway. 18 May 1996. pp. 38–39. Archived from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via National Library of Norway.
  77. ^ "Grand Prix-los fra nord" [Eurovision pilots from the north]. Nordlys (in Norwegian). Tromsø, Norway. 18 May 1996. pp. 42–43. Archived from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via National Library of Norway.
  78. ^ "Norgeskanalen NRK P1 – Kjøreplan lørdag 18. mai 1996" [The Norwegian channel NRK P1 – Schedule Saturday 18 May 1996] (in Norwegian). NRK. 18 May 1996. pp. 14–15. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via National Library of Norway. (subscription may be required or content may be available in libraries)
  79. ^ "Program". Weekend Echo Dnia (in Polish). Kielce, Poland. 18–19 May 1996. p. 11. Retrieved 8 November 2024 – via Świętokrzyska Digital Library [pl].
  80. ^ "Artur Orzech – Eurowizja, żona, dzieci, wiek, wzrost, komentarze" [Artur Orzech – Eurovision, wife, children, age, height, comments] (in Polish). Radio Eska. 18 May 2021. Archived from the original on 17 June 2021. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  81. ^ a b "Programmes TV – Samedi 18 mai" [TV programmes – Saturday 18 May]. TV8 (in French). Cheseaux-sur-Lausanne, Switzerland: Ringier. 16 May 1996. pp. 22–27. Archived from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via Scriptorium Digital Library.
  82. ^ "Programa da televisão" [Television programme]. A Comarca de Arganil (in Portuguese). Arganil, Portugal. 16 May 1996. p. 8. Archived from the original on 29 May 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  83. ^ "Mi? Hol? Mikor? – szombat – szlovák televizió" [What? Where? When? – Saturday – Slovak television]. Új Szó (in Hungarian). Bratislava, Slovakia. 18 May 1996. p. 8. Retrieved 21 September 2024 – via Hungaricana [hu].
  84. ^ "Panorama – sobota, 18. maja 1996" [Panorama – Saturday 18 May 1996] (PDF). Gorenjski glas (in Slovenian). Kranj, Slovenia. 17 May 1996. p. 20. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 July 2022. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
  85. ^ "Televizija+Radio – Sobota" [Television+Radio – Saturday]. Delo (in Slovenian). Ljubljana, Slovenia. 18 May 1996. p. 26. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  86. ^ "Televisión" [Television]. La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 18 May 1996. p. 6. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  87. ^ "TV–programmen" [TV programmes]. Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). Stockholm, Sweden. 18 May 1996. p. 25.
  88. ^ "Radioprogrammen" [Radio programmes]. Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). Stockholm, Sweden. 18 May 1996. p. 25.
  89. ^ "La télé aujourd'hui" [TV today]. Le Matin (in French). Lausanne, Switzerland: Tamedia Publications. 18 May 1996. p. 27. Archived from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via Scriptorium Digital Library.
  90. ^ "Radio". Neue Zürcher Zeitung (in German). Zurich, Switzerland. 18–19 May 1996. p. 92. Retrieved 29 October 2024 – via E-newspaperarchives.ch.
  91. ^ "TV Programları" [TV programmes]. Cumhuriyet (in Turkish). 18 May 1996. p. 16. Archived from the original on 21 December 2022. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
  92. ^ "Eurovision Song Contest – BBC One". Radio Times. 16 May 1996. Archived from the original on 4 February 2023. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via BBC Genome Project.
  93. ^ "Eurovision Song Contest – BBC Radio 2". Radio Times. 16 May 1996. Archived from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via BBC Genome Project.
  94. ^ a b "À la télé sur S.B.S." [On TV on SBS]. Le Courrier Australien (in French). Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 10 May 1996. p. 16. Archived from the original on 15 December 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2022 – via Trove.
  95. ^ "Alle tiders programoversigter – Lørdag den 18. maj 1996" [All-time programme overviews – Saturday 18th May 1996]. DR. Archived from the original on 9 April 2024. Retrieved 2 April 2024.
  96. ^ "Sjónvarp – Sjónvarpsskráin – 17. mai - 23. mai" [Television – TV Schedule – 17 May - 23 May]. Oyggjatíðindi (in Faroese and Danish). Hoyvík, Faroe Islands. 17 May 1996. p. 13. Retrieved 15 July 2024 – via Infomedia [dk].
  97. ^ a b "1996 bringt ESC-Neuanfang für Deutschland" [1996 brought a new Eurovision beginning for Germany]. NDR (in German). 4 August 2016. Archived from the original on 5 August 2016. Retrieved 1 May 2023.
  98. ^ a b "Nur ein Österreicher singt auf deutsch" [Only an Austrian sings in German]. Bocholter-Borkener Volksblatt [de] (in German). 18 May 1996. Retrieved 16 November 2024.
  99. ^ a b "KNR Aallakaatitassat – Arfininngorneq Lørdag 18. maj" [KNR Programmes – Saturday 18th May]. Atuagagdliutit (in Kalaallisut and Danish). Nuuk, Greenland. 16 May 1996. p. 13. Retrieved 15 July 2024 – via Timarit.is.
  100. ^ "Televízió – szombat május 18" [Television – Saturday 18 May]. Rádió és TeleVízió újság (in Hungarian). 13 May 1996. pp. 42–43. Archived from the original on 23 July 2022. Retrieved 23 July 2022 – via MTVA Archívum.
  101. ^ "السبت ١٨\٥\٩٦ – التلفزيون الإسرائيلي – القناة الأولى" [Saturday 18/05/96 – Israeli TV – Channel One]. Al-Ittihad (in Arabic). Haifa, Israel. 17 May 1996. p. 7. Retrieved 22 May 2023 – via National Library of Israel.
  102. ^ "Jordan Television – Programme Two". The Jordan Times. Amman, Jordan. 18 May 1996. p. 2. Retrieved 11 June 2024 – via Internet Archive.
  103. ^ "TV – sobota, 18 maja" [TV – Saturday 18 May] (PDF). Kurier Wileński (in Polish). Vilnius, Lithuania. 18 May 1996. p. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 October 2022. Retrieved 28 October 2022 – via Polonijna Biblioteka Cyfrowa.
  104. ^ "Programe TV – Sâmbătă, 18 mai 1996" [TV Programmes – Saturday, 18 May 1996] (PDF). Adevărul de Arad [ro] (in Romanian). Arad, Romania. 18 May 1996. p. 6. Retrieved 26 October 2024 – via Biblioteca Județeană "Alexandru D. Xenopol" Arad [ro].
  105. ^ "Televiziune – sâmbătă 18 mai 1996" [Television – Saturday 18 May 1996]. Panoramic Radio-TV (in Romanian). p. 20.
  106. ^ "ТВ Субота" [TV Saturday]. Borba (in Serbian (Cyrillic script)). Belgrade, Serbia, Yugoslavia. 18–19 May 1996. p. 31. Retrieved 25 May 2024 – via Belgrade University Library.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

Bibliography

edit
edit
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eurovision Song Contest 1996.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eurovision_Song_Contest_1996&oldid=1258693338"