See also: British Raj

Siliguri, at the base of the Himalayas, was connected with Calcutta (now Kolkata) by a metre gauge railway in 1878. Between Siliguri and Darjeeling, Tonga services ran on a cart road – the present-day Hill Cart Road. Franklin Prestage, an agent of the Eastern Bengal Railway, approached the government with a proposal to lay a steam tramway from Siliguri to Darjeeling. Ashley Eden, lieutenant governor of Bengal, formed a committee to assess the project's feasibility. The proposal was accepted in 1879 after a positive report by the committee, and construction began that year.

Gillanders, Arbuthnot and Company were hired to construct the line, and by March 1880 track was laid as far as Tindharia, and Lord Lytton, the first viceroy to visit Darjeeling, rode to Tindharia on the train. The stretch from Siliguri to Kurseong opened on 23 August 1880, and from Siliguri to Darjeeling on 4 July 1881. The company's name was changed to Darjeeling Himalayan Railway Company.

The Batasia Loop was constructed in 1919, creating easier gradients on the ascent from Darjeeling. The DHR began facing competition from buses operating on the Hill Cart Road which took less time than the railway to reach Darjeeling. In 1934, a major earthquake in Bihar shook all of Northeast India. Many buildings in Darjeeling were heavily damaged and the railway was also affected, although it soon recovered and played a vital role in transporting repair materials. During World War II, the DHR transported military personnel and supplies to the camps around Ghum and Darjeeling.

In 1951, the railway was purchased by the Government of India and was absorbed into the government railway organisation before it was managed by the Assam Railway. Assam Railway (including the DHR) became part of the North Eastern Railway zone in 1952, and part of Indian Railways' Northeast Frontier Railway zone six years later. In 1962, the railway was realigned at Siliguri and extended by nearly 4 miles (6 km) to New Jalpaiguri (NJP) to meet the new broad-gauge line there. The extension began freight service that year, and passenger service in 1964. It was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1999.

There are mainly two types of trains operating in this route. The diesel powered and the steam powered. Indian Railways operates Vistadome coaches on this route. The Vistadome coaches aim to provide utmost comfort and panoramic views of the scenery. All the trains have two classes, the chair car and the first class.

The journey from New Jalpaiguri to Darjeeling takes 7 hours, passing through hills and loops. There is also a route from Ghum to Darjeeling and back. It takes about 40 minutes and the return journey is absolutely free. There is a 'Steam Jungle Tea Safari' available which starts from Siliguri Junction to Rontong. It passes through the lush green tea plantations in the region. The Red Panda Diesel Joyride is a train covering the route from Kurseong to Mahanadi and back. The Himkanya Special train travels from Kurseong to Darjeeling. To facilitate bulk bookings, charter and coach booking services are also available at an economical fare.

The climate along the route changes from warm to cold. Darjeeling is considered a cold city, temperatures even in summer tend to keep below 20 °C (68 °F). You will need warm clothes if you are visiting it in winters, when daily means are below 10 °C (50 °F), and temperatures below freezing are possible. Isolated thunderstorms are common in through the route. The trains get cancelled if there are heavy rains as it might get stranded in the sparsely populated mountains. Snowfall is rare but not an uncommon sight. Record low temperatures were recorded in 2021 which led to snowfall in the area.

• Warm clothes to keep yourself warm and cosy. Your destination might get cold.
• Ready-to-eat food, basically instant noodles and other instant Indian snacks. You might need some food to fill yourself up and enjoy while watching the views.
• Battery charger, charge your devices and keep them ready to take some pictures. The trains are fitted with outlets but they are not suitable for long use as they use high voltage DC to avoid vandalism.
• Camera, it will help you to capture memorable shots.
• Wet wipes, keep yourself clean and fresh throughout the journey.
• Flip-flops, it might be uncomfortable to wear huge bulky shoes throughout the entire journey. Change to some sandals for a comfortable walk through the coach.

New Jalpaiguri Railway Station is located in Siliguri. It is well connected to numerous national and state highway systems. The National Highway 27 links Siliguri with the adjecent state of Bihar while National Highway 17 connect the city with North-Eastern India. NBSTC provides bus services to and from different destinations in West Bengal. It also provides online booking facilities.

New Jalpaiguri Railway Station is the main hub for the railway traffic in North Bengal. All trains destined to North-Eastern India pass through here. Getting a train to New Jalpaiguri Railway Station is quite easy from any part of the country. Tickets can be booked online at the IRCTC website.

Bagdogra Airport is the main airport in this region. It gets daily traffic from all major Indian airports like Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai, Kolkata and Guwahati.

Here is the list of stations in the route with their respective station codes. This won't be useful during the journey, but it would help you search for the stations while booking tickets. Apart from these stations, there are many loops in the route, 26.8576688.328281 Agony Point and 27.016688.24742 Batasia Loop being the most famous ones.

You can get the fare information while you book your tickets. It you are not logged in to IRCTC, you can visit Indian Railway's fare enquiry page to get the details about the fare of different classes. The fare for trains operating in DHR are between ₹800-₹1600. More details can be found at DHR's fare page^{[dead link]}.

The ticket prices change depending on the season. The prices are high during winters and low during summer. Indian Railways doesn't impose dynamic pricing in the routes under DHR.

For tourists who want to go from Darjeeling, there are four trains a day that travel the seven-kilometre route to Ghum - sometimes also spelled Ghoom - where they turn around and return half an hour later. There is a small museum and monastery to visit in Ghum. The trains only carry first class, but is quite affordable. It is also possible to travel only one way by train and return by taxi.

The ride goes along the slope, so you only have a view of the Kangchenjunga mountain from one side of the train.

This is the main route of DHR. It starts from New Jalpaiguri and ends at Darjeeling. It takes about 7-8 hours in total. The train usually gets delayed, but the delay are worth it as they get you some great scenic sunset views. The trains operates daily with fares from ₹970-₹1420.