Styles of pop music

Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form during the mid-1950s in the United States and the United Kingdom.^[1] The terms popular music and pop music are often used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular and includes many disparate styles. During the 1950s and 1960s, pop music encompassed rock and roll and the youth-oriented styles it influenced. Rock and pop music remained roughly synonymous until the late 1960s, after which pop became associated with music that was more commercial, ephemeral, and accessible.

Although much of the music that appears on record charts is seen as pop music, the genre is distinguished from chart music. Identifying factors usually include repeated choruses and hooks, short to medium-length songs written in a basic format (often the verse-chorus structure), and rhythms or tempos that can be easily danced to. Much pop music also borrows elements from other styles such as rock, urban, dance, Latin, and country.

Below is a list of styles of pop music.

Traditional pop (also known as classic pop and pre-rock and roll pop) is Western popular music that generally pre-dates the advent of rock and roll in the mid-1950s. The most popular and enduring songs from this era of music are known as pop standards or American standards. The works of these songwriters and composers are usually considered part of the canon known as the "Great American Songbook". More generally, the term "standard" can be applied to any popular song that has become very widely known within mainstream culture.

AllMusic defines traditional pop as "post-big band and pre-rock & roll pop music".^[2]

Rock and roll (often written as rock & roll, rock 'n' roll, or rock 'n roll) is a genre of popular music that evolved in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s.^[3] It originated from black American music such as gospel, jump blues, jazz, boogie woogie, rhythm and blues,^[4] as well as country music.^[5] While rock and roll's formative elements can be heard in blues records from the 1920s^[6] and in country records of the 1930s,^[5] the genre did not acquire its name until 1954.^[7]

Early pop music drew on the sentimental ballad for its form, gained its use of vocal harmonies from gospel and soul music, instrumentation from jazz and rock music, orchestration from classical music, tempo from dance music, backing from electronic music, rhythmic elements from hip-hop music, and spoken passages from rap.^{[1][verification needed]}

Below are genres that exclusively considered as subgenres of pop.

Note that music styles like dance, electronic, opera, and orchestra are not considered as standalone genres.

Dark pop
Stylistic origins	Alternative pop indie grunge
Cultural origins	1980's and 1990's

Dark pop (often typeset with a hyphen) is a subgenre of pop music that combines elements of alternative and indie with pop music. It is characterized by its dark melancholic sound and minimalistic electronic production. Often dark pop features heavy synths, distorted guitars, and electronic drums.^[8]

The trend began in the 1980's with grunge, a genre that also dealt with depressing topics about heartbreak, loss and loneliness, similar to topics expressed in dark pop. By the 1990s, dark pop drew from trip-hop, gothic rock, and avant-garde traditions, evolving and disengaging into a distinct style that emphasized atmospheric texture and introspective storytelling. However dark pop isn't avant-garde, often having a more mainstream sound. Many artists also started to incorporate dark pop with punk, rap and electronic sounds. During the 2010's, these innfusions became prominent as it gained mainstream traction by well known artists such as Rina Sawayama who infused it with electronic club music. A notable dark pop song, that also incorporated electronic sounds is singer and social media personality Bella Poarch's debut single "Build a Bitch".^{[9][10][11][12]}

Below are styles of pop music that mixed with other standalone genres.

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Disco-pop
Stylistic origins	Disco pop
Cultural origins	Late 1970s

Rolling Stone and The New York Times have used the term disco-pop as early as 1976 and 1978 respectively. The publications referring to songs such as "Don't Go Breaking My Heart" by Elton John and Kiki Dee and "Heart of Gold" by Boney M. while stating the music of the Salsoul Orchestra was "material and arrangements are unalloyed disco pop."^[13][14] Retrospectively, albums such as Michael Jackson's Off the Wall have been referred to as the genre.^[15] With the release of Saturday Night Fever's film and album leading disco music to explode in popularity in 1978. This led to thousands of discotheque moguls and their patrons to mimic what hcontorted versions of dance culture. Tim Lawrence wrote on this phenomnen as interesting, but that "while the initial experience was thrilling, the effect soon began to fade or, worse still, jar. By 1979 the combination of the shrill white disco pop that had come to dominate the charts".^[16]

Around the 2000s, some new songs were described as disco-pop, including "Sing It Back" by Moloko, "Murder on the Dancefloor" by Sophie Ellis-Bextor.^{[17] [18][19]}

Allure stated in 2020 that there was a disco-pop revival in music, such as Dua Lipa's Future Nostalgia and Lady Gaga's Chromatica.^[20] Other artists who contributed to the revival included Doja Cat, Victoria Monet, and Jessie Ware.^[21]

House-pop
Stylistic origins	Disco diva house synth-pop
Cultural origins	1990s, United States

House-pop (sometimes also called "pop-house")^[22] is a crossover of house and dance-pop music that emerged in early '90s.^[23] The genre was created to make house music more radio friendly.^[24] The characteristic of house-pop is similar to diva house music, like over-the-top vocal acrobatics, bubbly synth riffs, and four-on-the-floor rhythm. House-pop also has hip-hop influence.^[23]

Pop soul
Stylistic origins	Soul pop Motown
Cultural origins	1960s, United States
Derivative forms	Disco
Subgenres
Beach[25]

Pop soul / Motown is a genre of soul music that has upbeat tempo and given a commercially viable, crossover production.^[26] The vocals are still raw, but the material and the sound of the record could easily fit onto pop radio stations' playlists. Motown was the pioneering label of pop soul, and through much of the 1960s, it was one of the most popular pop music genres. In the 1970s, pop soul became slicker, and it eventually metamorphosed into disco.^[27] Luther Vandross is an example of pop soul musician.^[28]

Street pop
Other names	Street hop
Stylistic origins	Yoruba music dance music pop
Cultural origins	Late 2010s – early 2020s, Lagos, Nigeria

Street pop, or street hop, is an experimental, hybrid rap genre that blends Nigerian street music, Nigerian hip hop, Afrobeats and pop with African and Western electronic dance music elements like gqom. It features uptempo beats, including slower-paced beats and variation styles. The genre combines Western and Nigerian pop influences to create a distinctive, evolving sound. Key musical artists like Olamide, Asake, Zinoleesky, Naira Marley and Seyi Vibez, highlight its fusion of traditional and modern elements.^[29][30][31]

Below are pop music that related to avant-garde culture.

Below are 'pop' genres that are not considered as pop musics.