Boulevard
(Redirected from Urban boulevard)
A boulevard is a type of broad avenue planted with rows of trees, or in parts of North America, any urban highway or wide road in a commercial district.
Boulevards were originally circumferential roads following the line of former city walls.
In North American usage, boulevards may be wide, multi-lane thoroughfares divided with only a central median.
Etymology
[edit]The word boulevard is borrowed from French. In France, it originally meant the flat surface of a rampart, and later a promenade taking the place of a demolished fortification. It is a borrowing from the Dutch word bolwerk 'bulwark'.[1]
Notable examples
[edit]Boulevards of Asia
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Keshavarz Boulevard of Tehran in mid 1970s
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Australia and Oceania
[edit]Australia
[edit]- St Kilda Road, Melbourne
- Royal Parade, Melbourne
- Victoria Parade, Melbourne
- Flemington Road, Melbourne
- Mount Alexander Road, Melbourne
- The Boulevard, Perth
New Zealand
[edit]- The Four Avenues, Christchurch
- Anzac Avenue, Dunedin
- Marine Parade, Napier
Boulevards of Oceania
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Marine Parade, Napier
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Bealey Avenue, one of Christchurch's Four Avenues
Europe
[edit]Austria
[edit]Denmark
[edit]Boulevards in Copenhagen:
- Nørre Voldgade
- H. C. Andersens Boulevard
- Vesterbrogade
- Sønder Boulevard
- Dalgas Boulevard
- Strandboulevarden
- Frederiksberg Allé
France
[edit]Germany
[edit]- Unter den Linden, Berlin
- Kurfürstendamm, Berlin
- Karl-Marx-Allee, Berlin
- Boulevard der Stars, Berlin
- Königsallee, Düsseldorf
- Brienner Straße, Munich
- Leopoldstraße, Munich
- Maximilianstraße, Munich
- Prinzregentenstraße, Munich
Hungary
[edit]- Little Boulevard, Budapest
- Grand Boulevard, Budapest
- Hungária Boulevard, Budapest[3]
Ireland
[edit]- O'Connell Street, Dublin
Italy
[edit]Spain
[edit]Portugal
[edit]Russia
[edit]- Boulevard Ring, Moscow
- Garden Ring, Moscow
Boulevards of Europe
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Boulevard Haussmann in Paris
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Combino Supra at the Grand Boulevard in Budapest
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Foro Buonaparte in Milan
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Avinguda Diagonal in Barcelona
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Clean Ponds in the wide median green of Chistoprudny Boulevard in Moscow
![Foro Buonaparte [it] in Milan](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Milano_-_Foro_Buonaparte_-_panoramio.jpg/360px-Milano_-_Foro_Buonaparte_-_panoramio.jpg)
North America
[edit]United States
[edit]- Ocean Parkway, Brooklyn
- Broadway, Manhattan
- West Side Highway, Manhattan
- FDR Drive, Manhattan (future project)
- Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles
- Santa Monica Boulevard, Los Angeles
- Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles
- Hollywood Boulevard, Los Angeles
- Chicago Boulevard System
- Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia
- Roosevelt Boulevard, Philadelphia
- Southern Boulevard Park, Philadelphia
- Boulevard, Atlanta
- Park Avenue, New York City
- Las Vegas Boulevard, Las Vegas
- Ohio River Boulevard, Pittsburgh
Boulevards of North America
South America
[edit]Argentina
[edit]Uruguay
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Wiktionnaire, [1]
- ^ "Buses to Bring Change". Cebu Daily News. 20 June 2012. Retrieved 16 September 2017.
- ^ "Húsvét után jön a nagykörúti káosz". Index.hu. 17 April 2006. Retrieved 16 September 2017.
- ^ "Некоммерческий проект бульвары Москвы". Bulwar.ru. Archived from the original on 18 September 2017. Retrieved 16 September 2017.
Books
[edit]- Jacobs, Allan B.; Elizabeth Macdonald; Yodan Rofé (2003). The Boulevard Book. The MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-60023-1.
- Fiaccadori, Gianfranco; Malinverni, Alessandro; Mambriani, Carlo (2012). Guglielmo du Tillot: regista delle arti nell'età dei Lumi (in Italian). Parma: Fondazione Cariparma. ISBN 978-88-7898-064-8. OCLC 889616353.
- Pastega, Agostino Brotto (2010). Antonio Gaidon 1738-1829. Un professionista ante litteram dal rilievo mappale al boulevard. Bassano: Associazione Interprofessionale Bassanese.
External links
[edit]The dictionary definition of boulevard at Wiktionary
- Boulevards in Vietnam
