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Wardha
city
Wardha Location in Maharashtra, India
Coordinates: 20°44′30″N 78°36′20″E / 20.74167°N 78.60556°E / 20.74167; 78.60556
Country	India
State	Maharashtra
District	Wardha
Elevation	234 m (768 ft)
Population  (2016)[1]
• Total	126,444
Languages
• Official	Marathi
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
Website	www.wardha.nic.in

Wardha pronunciation^ⓘ (Template:Lang-mr) is a city and a municipal council in Wardha district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the administrative headquarters of Wardha district. Wardha gets its name from the Wardha River which flows at the North, West and South boundaries of district. Founded in 1866, the town is now an important centre for the cotton trade. It was an important part of Gandhian Era.

Wardha is located at 20°45′N 78°36′E / 20.75°N 78.60°E / 20.75; 78.60.^[2] It has an average elevation of 234 metres (767 feet).

Wardha city is governed by a municipal council (category-A). According to a 2011 census, there are about 105,543 citizens within the municipal boundaries.^[5] Urbanization has helped developed neighboring villages including Sindi, sawangi, Borgaon, Pipri, Mhasala, Nalwadi and Chitoda.

As of 2011^[update] India census,^[6] Wardha district had a population of 1,296,157^[7] Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Wardha has an average literacy rate of 80%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 83%, and female literacy is 76%. In Wardha, 11% of the population is under 6 years of age. Wardha is the largest city in Wardha district.

It was included in the empire of the Mauryas, Shungas, Satavahanas and Vakatakas. Pravarapura, modern Pavnar, was once the capital of the Vakataka dynasty. Vakatakas were contemporary of Imperial Guptas. Prabhavatigupta, the daughter of Chandragupta II (Vikramaditya), was married with Vakataka ruler Rudrasena. The period of Vakatakas was 2nd to 5th century CE. The empire stretched from the Arabian sea in the west to the Bay of Bengal in the east, and from the Narmada river in the north to the Krishna-Godavari delta in south.

Later on, Wardha was ruled by the Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas, Yadavas, the Delhi Sultanate, the Bahamani Sultanate, Muslim ruler of Berar, Gonds and Marathas. Raja Buland Shaha of Gonds, Raghuji of Bhonsale were the prominent rulers in the Medieval period.

During the 1850s Wardha, (then a part of Nagpur) fell into the hands of British. They included Wardha in the Central Provenance.

Wardha is a sister city for Sevagram, and both were used as major centers for the Indian Independence Movement, especially as headquarters for an annual meet of the Indian National Congress in 1934, and Mahatma Gandhi's Ashram.

The existing Wardha district was part of Nagpur district till 1862. Further it was separated for convenient administrative purposes and Kawatha near Pulgaon was the district headquarters. In 1866, the district headquarters moved at Palakwadi village. The huts in village were destroyed and new city was constructed by English town-planner Sir Bachlor and Crawdok. This new city was given name "Wardha". In Wardha district there is a village called Pavanar where Acharya Vinoba Bhave lived.

Wardha city is well connected to most of the parts of India by railways. Wardha railway station is an important rail junction on Howrah-Nagpur-Mumbai line. This town is also connected to southern part of country through Sevagram station. After Nagpur, Wardha is only city through which Delhi-Chennai and Mumbai-Kolkata railway routes pass, actually meet together. Traffic on Mumbai-Kolkata route is mainly dealt with at Wardha station and traffic on Delhi-Chennai route is dealt with at Sewagram station (former Wardha East station).^{[citation needed]}

A new line joining Wardha to Nanded via Yavatmal, pusad, deoli etc. is being constructed. A new fifth platform is proposed to deal with increased passenger traffic. Both Delhi-Chennai and Mumbai-Kolkata railway routes are already having heavy traffic and both routes get combined between Sewagram and Nagpur stations. A new third & fourth line is under construction between Sewagram and Nagpur stations to cater for heavy traffic. Sewagram station is having five platforms.

On outskirts of the city there are two more railway stations, i.e. Warud station (former Sewagram station) and Chitoda junction, which deal with local passenger traffic. Chitoda junction is situated on southbound lines from Wardha and Sewagram stations. Warud station is halt station near doctor colony at Sewagram.

Wardha city is not well connected by roads to other cities of maharashtra. A newly declared National Highway No.361(Nagpur-Wardha-Yavatmal-Nanded-Latur-Tuljapur) pass through this city. Also Nagpur-Aurangabad-Mumbai Express Highway pass through it. Wardha has poor roads that connect to other cities, it takes 2 hours to go to Nagpur which is just 80 km far from Wardha and it takes 1 and half hour to go to Hinganghat which is just 50 km far from Wardha.

The Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar International Airport at Nagpur is the nearest airport with scheduled air services.

The population of Wardha city constitutes Hindus and Buddhists with small percent of Muslims, Christians, Jains and Sikhs. The main spoken languages are Marathi and Hindi. Other languages include Marwari, Gujarati, Sindhi and Punjabi.

There are many temples, mosques, viharas, gurudwaras, Jain temples and churches of which Laxminarayan temple (Bachchhraj road), Lingi Mandir (Mahadeo Mandir)near Dr. Raosaheb Gade Bhavan, Vitthal mandir (hawaldwarpura), Ganesh Mandir (Main Road), Gajanan Maharaj Mandir, Sai mandir (M.G. Road), Digambar and Shwetambar Jain temples (mahadeopura), Jama Masjid (Itwara), Shanti Stupa (Gopuri), Gurudwara (Samtanagar) are important. There is a church named St. Thomas church in Wardha which was built by the British. It was transferred to Church of India in 1874. CNI church Wardha is the main church which was a Presbyterian church before the formation of Church of North India in 1970. CNI established Christ Church in Sewagram.

In 1969, Marathi Sahitya Sammelan, the conference on Marathi Literature was held in Wardha city. It was presided by President of the Conference Purushottam Shivram Rege.^{[citation needed]}

Wardha was one of the pre-planned cities of British India. The town-planners were Sir Crowdock and Bachelor. In memory of Sir Crowdock, his name was given to the district's biggest school and an important road was named after Sir Bachelor in British perios. The Crowdock school was renamed as Mahatma Gandhi. District Hospital had name King George and it was renamed later on. But the stone carved with old name was at main gate for more than century. It was hidden by new name board of District Hospital. There are many buildings of British period in city which include Z.P. old building, Central Jail, Church at Bajajwadi, cemetery etc.

• Mahatma Gandhi Ayurved College, Hospital & Research Centre

• Acharya Vinoba Bhave College of Engineering
• Agnihotri College of Engineering
• Bapuraoji Deshmukh College of Architecture
• Bapurao Deshmukh College of Engineering
• Datta Meghe College of Engineering
• Om College Of Engineering
• Suresh Deshmukh College Of Engineering
• Bajaj institute of technology

• Janakidevi Bajaj College of Science.
• Priyadarshini Mahila Mahavidyalaya
• New Arts Commerce & Science College
• Govindram Seksaria College of Commerce

• Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha
• Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences
• Kasabai School Of Nursing

• The Institute Of Pharmaceuticals Education and Research

• Mahatma Gandhi Antarrashtriya Hindi Vishwavidyalaya

This museum was inaugurated by Mahatma Gandhi in 1938. It is in Maganwadi near the village's Centre of Science. The purpose of this museum is to spread awareness about research and development of rural industries, agriculture, dairy, various types of charkhas, khadi, hadicrafts by rural artisans, methods to promote Swadeshi movement, magandeep hkhadi bhandar, sele khadi gramodyog khadi cloth and gramodyog products gandhi charkha sample etc.

This temple is in Gopuri near Vishwa Shanti Stupa. It is a unique temple in India which has no deity and roof. It has only walls made of granite slabs on which 18 chapters of Gitai (Shrimad-bhagwad-gita in marathi) are inscribed. The walls enclose a little beautiful park. This temple was inaugurated by Acharya Vinoba Bhave in 1980. Beside are two exhibitions about life of Acharya Vinoba Bhave and Jamnalal Bajaj.

Vishwa Shanti Stupa was a dream of Fujii guruji as called by Gandhi. It is beside Gitai Mandir. It is a large stupa of white color. Statues of Buddha are mounted on stupa in four directions. It also has a small Japanese Buddhist temple with a large park.There is a temple near the stupa where prayers are done for universal peace. It is one of many Peace Pagoda's which have been built around the world.

Sevagram ashram was the residence of Mahatma Gandhi from 1936 to 1948. After his 1930 Dandi salt march, Gandhi decided not to return to his ashram at Sabarmati. After spending two years in jail, he travelled around India and, at the invitation of the Gandhian industrialist Jamnalal Bajaj., stayed for some time in Wardha City at Jamnalal's bungalow.^[8] In 1936, at the age of 67, Gandhiji moved to a village (which he subsequently called Sewagram - Hindi for village of service) at the outskirts of Wardha and started to live here in a group of huts with his wife Kasturba and other disciples. This slowly grew into an ashram, where Gandhi lived with his followers for the next twelve years, till his death. The premises are very calming. Many personal items used by Gandhi and his contemporaries are preserved here including his spectacles, telephone, notebook, tables, mats, etc.^[9]

This ashram was established by Acharya Vinoba Bhave in 1934 at Pawnar on bank of river Dham with spiritual purpose. He also establish Brahma Vidya mandir in it. He started Bhoodan Movement from here. Also starting point of "Bharat Chhodo Andolan" was this ashram. Pawnar is an ancient city dating back to Mahabharata. During Bhonsle reign Pawnar was vidarbha's most important military station. During excavation for construction of ashram, many sculptures and idols were found which are kept at ashram and open to visitors.

Rashtrabhasha Prachar Samiti is devoted institute for spreading Hindi all over world. It has branches all over world and is headquartered in Wardha.

The Kelzar Ganpati Temple is about 26 km from Wardha on the Nagpur road. This temple is on a hill & surrounded by the scenic beauty of forests and hills near the Bor National Tiger Reserve & Bird sanctuary. . It is a historical place and its history goes back to "Vashishtha Purana".

The place is also mentioned in "Mahabharata" as Ekchakranagari. According to myth, Pandavas lived here during agyatvas. Bhima killed Bakasura at this place and threw down this hill. An ancient cave where Bakasura is still at foot of the hill and his famous well is also nearby. This well has sculptured stones on inner wall and stairs. Remains of old fort are also seen here. Finding sculptures during digging for any purpose is common. Sculptures relating to hinduism, jainism and buddhism has found. But ASI is not paying attention to this. Many sculptures have ruined due to proper lack of care. Some sculptures can be seen in above temple, nearby hillock, gram panchayar office buddha vihar and emerging Angel's Paradise English Medium School with huge campus and all facility for students with modern teaching techniques.

Wardha is primarily an agriculture oriented city. Cotton farming and Soybean cultivation in Kharif is quite common. Government has provided canals to irrigate during Rabi season when Bengal Gram becomes a popular choice to sow.

Many institutions are encouraging farmers to go natural or organic but the lack of support systems either in availability of techniques and marketability of produce is preventing the spread of this movement.

Wardha is becoming second industrial hub of Vidarbha area. This is due to its geographical location and strong rail and road connectivity. A decade ago, it was industrially backward. But in the last decade many companies and industrial plants established there. Some of them are Uttam Galva metallics ltd., Uttam value steels ltd (Previously Lloyds Steel Industries ltd), Indraprastha power plant, Lanco power plant(Mandwa), mahalaxmi steel plant, Gammon industries, Powergrid's largest station & Lanco on project phase

Wardha IT park of C. Dass group is under construction IT park in the city. It is second in the Vidarbha region after Nagpur. It is located at MIDC area on Wardha-Sevagram road.

• Cafe Creme Sawangi Wardha
• Cad-b Wardha

• Make In Maharashtra

• Official Website of Wardha district
• Official Website of Kelzar Ganpati Temple