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Joensuu (lit. "mouth of the river"), a city and municipality in North Karelia in the province of Eastern Finland, was founded in 1848. The population of Joensuu is Template:Infobox Finnish Municipality/population count (Error: Invalid time.),^[1] although the economic region of Joensuu has a population of 115,000.^[2] Typical of cities in Eastern Finland, Joensuu is monolingually Finnish.

Joensuu is a lively student city with a subsidiary of the University of Eastern Finland, over 15,000 students enrolled, and a further 4,000 students at the North Karelia University of Applied Sciences.^[3]

The largest employers are the municipal City of Joensuu, North Karelian Hospital District Federation of Municipalities, Abloy and Punamusta.

The European Forest Institute, the University and many other institutes and export enterprises such as Abloy and John Deere Forestry give Joensuu an international flavour.

History

The city of Joensuu, founded by the Czar Nicholas I of Russia in 1848, is the regional centre and the capital of North Karelia. During the 19th century Joensuu was a city of manufacture and commerce. When in 1860 the city received dispensation rights to initiate commerce, former restrictions against industry were removed and the local sawmills began to prosper and expand. Water traffic was improved by the building and opening of the Saimaa Canal in 1856. Consequently, a lively commerce between the regions of North Karelia, St. Petersburg and Central Europe was enabled. At the end of the 19th century Joensuu was one of the largest harbour cities in Finland.

Throughout the centuries Karelian traders have plied the Pielisjoki River. The river has always been the lively heart of the city. Canals – completed by 1870 – increased the river traffic. Thousands of steamboats, barges and logging boats sailed along the river during the golden age of river traffic. The Pielisjoki River has also been an important log raft route, providing wood for the sawmills and for the entire lumber industry.

During the last few decades, the formerly modest agrarian town has developed into a vital centre of the province. Success in regional annexations, the establishment of the province of Karelia and investments in education have been the most decisive actions in this development.

Municipality of Pielisensuu was consolidated with Joensuu in 1954. At the beginning of 2005, the municipalities of Kiihtelysvaara and Tuupovaara were consolidated with Joensuu. At the beginning of 2009 the municipalities of Eno and Pyhäselkä were consolidated with Joensuu. After the most recent consolidations, there are approximately 73,000 inhabitants in the Joensuu municipal area.

The central church of Joensuu is renowned for its sharply augmented towers, which in this image are tinged by the midnight sun and with a moonrise in the background.

The University of Joensuu (now part of the University of Eastern Finland since January 2010.^[4]) has, in twenty-five years, expanded to eight faculties. The University of Joensuu is one of the mainstays for the vitality of the city and so for all North Karelia. Diversified international cooperation in science, industry and commerce benefits the whole region.

The proximity of the eastern border has been an important factor in the history of the city. The Republic of Karelia is once again a significant area for cooperation with nearby regions in Russia. Export companies in Joensuu continue the pre-revolutionary traditions in foreign trade.

Joensuu offers varied cultural activities. A series of events – Ilosaarirock festival, Joensuu Music Winter, Festival of Visual Culture Viscult, Gospel festivals – and the unspoilt environment increase the attractiveness of the city.

Joensuu is sometimes referred to as the Forest Capital of Europe, mainly because the European Forest Institute is based there. Other forestry research and educational facilities are also based in Joensuu.

Education

Joensuu is a city of students^[5]. The University of Eastern Finland (UEF) has one of its three main campuses in Joensuu^[6] and the University of Applied Sciences Karelia^[7] has two Joensuu campuses.

Statistics

Nearest airport with regular air service: Joensuu Airport, Liperi, 11 km
Nearest inland port: Joensuu
Districts: 26

Transport

Class Vr2 steam locomotive no. 950, outside Joensuu railway station

Distances to other Finnish cities:

City	Distance	Direction
Helsinki	437 km	SW
Jyväskylä	245 km	W
Kuopio	136 km	NW
Lappeenranta	235 km	SW
Oulu	393 km	NW
Kajaani	222 km	NW
Savonlinna	133 km	SW
Tampere	393 km	SW
Turku	542 km	SW
Vaasa	492 km	W

Joensuu has a railway station and a bus station, which offers intercity connections to Helsinki and local connections to several other places. Numbered bus service is available to all parts of Joensuu (Route maps, Timetables). Note, that if you want to catch a bus, you have to wave at the driver - the bus does not stop automatically. Joensuu also has an airport, with flights to Helsinki.

Joensuu is located along the Blue Highway, which is an international tourist route from Mo i Rana, Norway to Pudozh, Russia via Sweden.

Sports

Evangelical-Lutheran Church, Kirkkokatu, Joensuu

The city is known for its basketball club Kataja, which plays in the Finnish first-tier league Korisliiga. Other championship level clubs of Joensuu include Josba (floorball), Mutalan Riento (volleyball), the world leading orienteering club Kalevan Rasti (orienteering) and Joensuun Prihat (women's volleyball). The ice hockey team Jokipojat plays in the Finnish second-tier league Mestis, and their home arena is the Mehtimäki Ice Hall. The local football club Jippo plays in the Finnish second Division. Finnish baseball enjoys popularity as well and the local team, Joensuun Maila, plays in the top division Superpesis.

Joensuu has produced many world class athletes, including Jukka Keskisalo, the European champion in 2006 at 3000m St., and Aki Parviainen, the world champion of Javelin throw in 1999.

Joensuu is home to biathlete Kaisa Mäkäräinen, who won the overall World Cup title in the 2010-11 Biathlon World Cup season.

2013 GRC champion and current World RX driver Toomas Heikkinen is from Joensuu.

Climate

Joensuu has a subarctic climate as a result of its high latitude and inland position that causes cold nights in shoulder seasons and winter compared to other Nordic locations at a similar latitude. Joensuu can be prone to strong heat during heat waves, with an all-time record of 37.2 °C (99.0 °F) on July 29, 2010, being the Finnish nationwide heat record.

Climate data for Joensuu (1981-2010 normals)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	6.7 (44.1)	7.8 (46.0)	12.8 (55.0)	23.5 (74.3)	28.7 (83.7)	32.0 (89.6)	37.2 (99.0)	31.4 (88.5)	25.8 (78.4)	16.6 (61.9)	10.5 (50.9)	8.3 (46.9)	37.2 (99.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	−6.4 (20.5)	−6.2 (20.8)	−0.5 (31.1)	6.0 (42.8)	13.9 (57.0)	18.8 (65.8)	21.8 (71.2)	18.8 (65.8)	12.8 (55.0)	6.0 (42.8)	−0.5 (31.1)	−4.3 (24.3)	6.7 (44.1)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−9.9 (14.2)	−10.0 (14.0)	−4.6 (23.7)	1.7 (35.1)	8.6 (47.5)	13.9 (57.0)	17.1 (62.8)	14.6 (58.3)	9.2 (48.6)	3.5 (38.3)	−2.8 (27.0)	−7.5 (18.5)	2.9 (37.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−13.4 (7.9)	−13.7 (7.3)	−8.6 (16.5)	−2.7 (27.1)	3.3 (37.9)	8.9 (48.0)	12.3 (54.1)	10.3 (50.5)	5.6 (42.1)	1.0 (33.8)	−5.2 (22.6)	−10.6 (12.9)	−1.0 (30.2)
Record low °C (°F)	−34.7 (−30.5)	−32.1 (−25.8)	−23.3 (−9.9)	−13.0 (8.6)	−4.6 (23.7)	2.9 (37.2)	7.4 (45.3)	5.6 (42.1)	−1.6 (29.1)	−11.6 (11.1)	−23.0 (−9.4)	−31.9 (−25.4)	−34.7 (−30.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	51.8 (2.04)	37.1 (1.46)	41.7 (1.64)	39.1 (1.54)	42.4 (1.67)	68.7 (2.70)	80.7 (3.18)	80.7 (3.18)	65.3 (2.57)	64.2 (2.53)	59.9 (2.36)	58.7 (2.31)	690.2 (27.17)
Source 1: Météo Climat ^[8]
Source 2: Météo Climat ^[9]

Friendship cities

References

^ Cite error: The named reference total_area was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "City of Joensuu" (PDF). Welcoming Guide. North Karelia University of Applied Sciences. Retrieved 12 February 2013.
^ http://www.pkamk.fi/english/default.htm
^ Steps leading to the establishment of the UEF Archived 2013-02-27 at the Wayback Machine
^ "Education - joensuu.fi". www.joensuu.fi (in Finnish). Retrieved 2017-09-13.
^ "Introduction | UEF". www.uef.fi. Retrieved 2017-09-13.
^ "Introduction | KAUS". www.karelia.fi/en/. Retrieved 2017-10-03.
^ "Liperi Joensuun Lentoasema 1981-2010 normals". Météo Climat. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
^ "Liperi Joensuun Lentoasema Extreme values". Météo Climat. Retrieved 20 March 2017.

External links

Joensuu Marketplace webcam
City of Joensuu Template:En icon
City of Joensuu Template:Fi icon
Pielis.ru – Travel information about North Karelia region and City of Joensuu
Joensuu travel guide from Wikivoyage

[total_area-1] Cite error: The named reference total_area was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[2] "City of Joensuu" (PDF). Welcoming Guide. North Karelia University of Applied Sciences. Retrieved 12 February 2013.

[3] ttp://www.pkamk.fi/english/default.htm

[uef.fi-4] Steps leading to the establishment of the UEF Archived 2013-02-27 at the Wayback Machine

[5] "Education - joensuu.fi". www.joensuu.fi (in Finnish). Retrieved 2017-09-13.

[6] "Introduction | UEF". www.uef.fi. Retrieved 2017-09-13.

[7] "Introduction | KAUS". www.karelia.fi/en/. Retrieved 2017-10-03.

[8] "Liperi Joensuun Lentoasema 1981-2010 normals". Météo Climat. Retrieved 20 March 2017.

[9] "Liperi Joensuun Lentoasema Extreme values". Météo Climat. Retrieved 20 March 2017.

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@@ Line 97: / Line 97: @@
 Municipality of [[Pielisensuu]] was consolidated with Joensuu in 1954. At the beginning of 2005, the municipalities of [[Kiihtelysvaara]] and [[Tuupovaara]] were consolidated with Joensuu. At the beginning of 2009 the municipalities of [[Eno, Finland|Eno]] and [[Pyhäselkä]] were consolidated with Joensuu. After the most recent consolidations, there are approximately 73,000 inhabitants in the Joensuu municipal area.
 [[Image:Joensuun pääkirkko.jpg|thumb|left|The central [[Joensuu church|church of Joensuu]] is renowned for its sharply augmented [[tower]]s, which in this image are tinged by the [[midnight sun]] and with a [[wikt:moonrise|moonrise]] in the background.]]
-{{anchor|University_of_Joensuu01a}}The [[University of Joensuu]] (now part of the [[University of Eastern Finland]] since January 2010.<ref name="uef.fi">[http://www.uef.fi/uef/historiaa Steps leading to the establishment of the UEF]</ref>) has, in twenty-five years, expanded to eight [[faculty (division)|faculties]]. The University of Joensuu is one of the mainstays for the vitality of the city and so for all [[North Karelia]]. Diversified international cooperation in science, industry and commerce benefits the whole region.
+{{anchor|University_of_Joensuu01a}}The [[University of Joensuu]] (now part of the [[University of Eastern Finland]] since January 2010.<ref name="uef.fi">[http://www.uef.fi/uef/historiaa Steps leading to the establishment of the UEF] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130227111005/http://www.uef.fi/uef/historiaa |date=2013-02-27 }}</ref>) has, in twenty-five years, expanded to eight [[faculty (division)|faculties]]. The University of Joensuu is one of the mainstays for the vitality of the city and so for all [[North Karelia]]. Diversified international cooperation in science, industry and commerce benefits the whole region.
 The proximity of the eastern border has been an important factor in the history of the city. The [[Republic of Karelia]] is once again a significant area for cooperation with nearby regions in [[Russia]]. Export companies in Joensuu continue the pre-revolutionary traditions in foreign trade.