Saint Antony's Syro-Malabar Church, Ollur

St. Anthony's Forane Church
St. Anthony's Forane Church
Saint Anthony's Syro-Malabar Catholic Forane Church
Ollūr Malakapally
	Front view of the St. Antony's Syro-Malabar Catholic Forane Church
	10°29′02″N 76°14′06″E / 10.484°N 76.235°E
Location	Ollur, Thrissur, Kerala, India
Denomination	Catholic Church
Sui iuris church	Syro-Malabar Church
Website	www.ollurshrine.org/ollur/index.htm
History
Founded	1718; 306 years ago
Consecrated	1718
Architecture
Functional status	Active
Specifications
Materials	Sand, gravel, cement, mortar, steel
Administration
Archdiocese	Thrissur
Clergy
Archbishop	Andrews Thazhath

The St. Antony's Syro-Malabar Catholic Forane Church is located at Ollur, Thrissur city in Kerala, India. The church belongs to Syro-Malabar Catholic Archdiocese of Thrissur. According to rough figures there are around 4,000 Christian families in the parish. Because of the huge presence of Christian people in Ollur, with its religious, educational, medical, social-service, and secular organisations and institution, Ollur has been called as Chinna Roma (Small Rome). The church is constructed on a hill-top which is the highest location in the area. The church is surrounded by a huge protective compound wall called Elephant Wall (Aana Mathil). When Thrissur Vicariate Apostolic was erected in 1887, Ollur was the richest, most populous, and influential parish, so much that the Vicar of the Ollur parish were included in Adolph Medlycott's four-member diocesan apex council. St. Anthony's Forane Church has 18 churches under its jurisdiction.^[1]

History

A 1938 photo of St. Anthony's Forane Church, Ollur, photo published in the Cochin Government Royal War Efforts Souvenir

Previously, the Ollur Christian population went to Mass in Puzuvial church. One day one of the women of the Chiramel family missed Mass in Puzuvial church. Disappointed, she told this to her son and asked him to construct a church in Ollur. After this, land donated by Malaekal Karthakal was used for building a new church in Ollur.^[2] According to church records, in 1718 a temporary church was constructed and the first Mass was conducted.^[3]

The church was blessed on 13 June 1722, by the Mar Antony Pimentel, Metropolitan and Gate of All India or known as Kodungallur Bishop with Johann Ernst Hanxleden famously known as Arnos Paathiri. In 1790, Tipu Sultan set fire to church but only the facade was burnt. In 1972, Mar Joseph Kundukulam, the first Archbishop of Thrissur, banned the Thullal (popularly known as devil dancing).^[4] Beatified people Euphrasia Eluvathingal, Maria Theresa Chiramel and Kuriakose Elias Chavara have visited and stayed in the church.^[4] India's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru visited the church on 24 November 1951. Vicar Monsignor Paul Kakkassery welcomed Nehru by handing over a large candle lighted.^{[citation needed]}

Festivals

Feast of Saint Raphael, Ollur, the Archangel, is the most important festival of Ollur church falling on 23 and 24 October of each year. The festival was started in 1837. Another festival is in honor of Saint Sebastian in the month of January and is the second major festival in the parish. Also, Ollur parish celebrates around 73 feasts and festivals in the calendar year.^[5]

Art and architecture

An inside view of the St. Anthony's Forane Church, Ollur

If there is any church in Kerala which can be compared with Sistine Chapel in the Vatican City, that is St. Anthony's Forane Church in Ollur. Every inch of space in the church is decorated, under both western and indigenous influences, with the highest achievements of the painter, the sculptor, the ceramics worker, the carpenter, the goldsmith, the bronze artisan, or the architect - using every media known or imaginable like gold, silver, iron, bronze, wood, ivory, stone - including laterite, granite, and precious stones.

A unique feature of the church is the number and variety of the angel images in the church. There are more than five thousand images of angels in the church, in fresco, mural, wood, plaster, stone, metal and ivory. The paintings of the church cover an area of thousands of square feet and are considered one of the most beautiful ones in entire Kerala.^[6]^[7]

Belfry

The seven storey Belfry or Bell tower (125 feet [38 m]) of the church is said to be the tallest structure in South India when it was constructed.^[8] The huge three bells in the bell tower were imported from Marseilles in France (1883–1892) in 19th century and is one of biggest bells in Kerala.^[9]^[10]^[11] The bells are inscribed with the pictures of Jesus, Saint Joseph, Mary (mother of Jesus), Saint Anthony,^[12] Raphael (archangel) and Tobias. Owned by Ollur church is written in the bells in Syriac language and Malayalam.^[13]

Liberation struggle

In 1959 Catholics took to the streets of Kerala to protest against the first Communist Government in the state headed by E. M. S. Namboodiripad. The rebellion was caused by a state legislation that would have potentially taken over Catholic education facilities under government control. This was known as Vimochana Samaram or Liberation Struggle. In the same year, on 23 July, Kerala Police fired at the St. Anthony's Forane Church on the part of Liberation Struggle. A memorial had been erected at the church courtyard then. The memorial says, Communist Government fired bullets to the Church here. The struggle of 1959 had led to the dismissal of the first democratically elect Communist Government in the world.^[14]

Churches under Ollur Forane

1) Ollur
2) Ammadam
3) Kodannur
4) Marathakara
5) Padavaratt
6) Palackal
7) Pallissery
8) Perinchery
9) Pootharackal
10) Pulakkattukara
11) Thaikkattussery
12) Thalore
13) Vallachira
14) Venginissery
15) Vijayamatha Church Chiyyaram
16)Angel Nagar Mary Matha Church
17) Fathima matha Church Konikkara^[15]

Institutions under the parish

Church dedicated for the dead and cemetery in the compound of St Antony's Forane Church, Ollur

Holy Angels English Medium High School, Ollur
St. Raphael's Convent Girls High School, Ollur
St.Mary's School, Chiyyaram, Ollur
St.Joseph's High School Anakkallu, Ollur^[15]

Catholic organizations working in the parish

C.L.C.
Legion of Mary (Women)
Legion of Mary (Men)
Mathrusangam
K.C.Y.M.
St. Vincent De Paul Society
Catholic Union
Franciscan Sabha
ABA (Altar Boys Association)

Religious houses in the parish

St. Mary's Convent
Our Lady Fathima Matha Convent
St. Vincent De Paul Convent
F.C.C. Convent
Galilee Retreat Centre
Malabar Missionery Brothers Home
John Haw Covent
Sadhu Samrakshana Sangham

References

^ "Churches by Forane". Trichur Archdiocese. Retrieved 23 February 2010.
^ "Industries in Ollur". Thrissur Corporation. Retrieved 15 February 2010.
^ "History". St.Anthony's Forane Church. Archived from the original on 24 September 2008. Retrieved 15 February 2010.
^ ^a ^b "Festival in Chinna Roma, Page 26". Mathrubhumi.com. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
^ "Chronology". Retrieved 6 June 2014.
^ For detailed articles and photos cf. The St. Thomas Christian Encyclopaedia of India 1973 alias The3 Thomapedia 2000, Ed. George Menachery. The Indian Church History Classics Volo. I; "The Nazraneys", Ed. George Menachery. Also Cf. St. Antony Octingenary Volume, Ed. George Menachery, 1996
^ Christian Presence in Indian Art and Architecture in Indian Christians and Nation Building, Alwaye 2005 Ed. Ponnumuthan, Aerath & Menachery
^ For photos and details cf. Cf. St. Antony Octingenary Volume, Ed. George Menachery, 1996
^ "Parish History". SMCIM. Retrieved 5 June 2013.
^ "Metal Work". SMCIM. Retrieved 5 June 2013.
^ "The Great Church of Ollur and the Angel Raphael - A Photo Feature". Nazraney. Retrieved 5 June 2013.
^ "Menachery: Proud of Ollur, Page 195" (PDF). Menachery.org. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
^ "Menachery: Proud of Ollur, Page 195" (PDF). Menachery.org. Retrieved 5 June 2013.
^ "About the Parish". St. Antony's Forane Church, Ollur. Archived from the original on 11 January 2011. Retrieved 2 August 2012.
^ ^a ^b Cf. St. Antony Octingenary Volume, Ed. George Menachery, 1996

[1] "Churches by Forane". Trichur Archdiocese. Retrieved 23 February 2010.

[2] "Industries in Ollur". Thrissur Corporation. Retrieved 15 February 2010.

[3] "History". St.Anthony's Forane Church. Archived from the original on 24 September 2008. Retrieved 15 February 2010.

[Festival_in_Chinna_Roma,_Page_26-4] "Festival in Chinna Roma, Page 26". Mathrubhumi.com. Retrieved 18 October 2013.

[google-5] "Chronology". Retrieved 6 June 2014.

[6] For detailed articles and photos cf. The St. Thomas Christian Encyclopaedia of India 1973 alias The3 Thomapedia 2000, Ed. George Menachery. The Indian Church History Classics Volo. I; "The Nazraneys", Ed. George Menachery. Also Cf. St. Antony Octingenary Volume, Ed. George Menachery, 1996

[7] Christian Presence in Indian Art and Architecture in Indian Christians and Nation Building, Alwaye 2005 Ed. Ponnumuthan, Aerath & Menachery

[8] For photos and details cf. Cf. St. Antony Octingenary Volume, Ed. George Menachery, 1996

[9] "Parish History". SMCIM. Retrieved 5 June 2013.

[10] "Metal Work". SMCIM. Retrieved 5 June 2013.

[11] "The Great Church of Ollur and the Angel Raphael - A Photo Feature". Nazraney. Retrieved 5 June 2013.

[12] "Menachery: Proud of Ollur, Page 195" (PDF). Menachery.org. Retrieved 18 October 2013.

[13] "Menachery: Proud of Ollur, Page 195" (PDF). Menachery.org. Retrieved 5 June 2013.

[14] "About the Parish". St. Antony's Forane Church, Ollur. Archived from the original on 11 January 2011. Retrieved 2 August 2012.

[ReferenceA-15] Cf. St. Antony Octingenary Volume, Ed. George Menachery, 1996

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