[go: up one dir, main page]
Jump to content

Socialist Left Party (Norway)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Socialist Left Party
Sosialistisk Venstreparti
AbbreviationSV
LeaderKirsti Bergstø
Parliamentary leaderAudun Lysbakken
Founded16 March 1975
Preceded bySocialist Electoral League
HeadquartersMøllergata 4, Oslo
Youth wingSocialist Youth
Membership (2018)Increase 11,385[needs update]
Ideology
Political positionLeft-wing
European affiliationNordic Green Left Alliance
Colours
  •   Red
  •   Green
  •   Purple (customary)
SloganFor de mange – ikke for de få ("For the Many – Not the Few")
Storting
13 / 169
County Councils
34 / 574
Municipal Councils
484 / 9,344
Sami Parliament
0 / 39
Website
sv.no Edit this at Wikidata

The Socialist Left Party (Norwegian: Sosialistisk Venstreparti, SV; Northern Sami: Sosialisttalaš Gurutbellodat) is a democratic socialist political party in Norway.[1] Positioned on the left-wing of the political spectrum,[2] it is opposed to European Union and the European Economic Area membership.[3][4][5] SV supports a strong public sector, stronger social welfare programs, environmentalism, and republicanism.[6][7] As of 2018, the party had 11,385 members;[8][needs update] the number has steadily increased since a low point in 2015. The party leader is Kirsti Bergstø, who was elected on 18 March 2023[9][10]

The party was founded in 1973 as the Socialist Electoral League, an electoral coalition with the Communist Party of Norway, Socialist People's Party, Democratic Socialists – AIK, and independent socialists. In 1975, the coalition was turned into a unified political party. The party was largely founded as a result of the foreign policies prevalent at the time, with the socialists being opposed to Norwegian membership of the European Communities (which later became the European Union) and of NATO.[11][12][13] SV calls for a stronger public sector, a mixed economy, and a strengthening of the social welfare net. While advocating democratic socialism, the party also increasingly profiles itself as a supporter of feminism[14] and environmentalism through eco-socialism.[1]

In the 2005 Norwegian parliamentary election, SV became a governing party for the first time, participating in the red–green coalition with the Labour Party and the Centre Party; before that, it was frequently turned down by the Labour Party. SV was reduced to the seventh-largest party following the 2013 Norwegian parliamentary election, in its worst election on record, but bounced back in the 2017[9][10] and 2021 parliamentary elections, although it remained both times at the opposition.[15]

Ideology

[edit]

Position

[edit]

Like its predecessors, the Socialist People's Party and the Information Committee of the Labour Movement against Norwegian membership in the European Community, the Socialist Left is a left-wing party which favours a welfare state and taxation of the wealthy. Finn Gustavsen, former leader of the Socialist People's Party, believed that the Labour Party were not socialists, and the only socialist force in parliament were members from the Socialist Electoral League. He was one of the main opponents of Norwegian membership in the European Community, saying the organisation showed how "evil and stupid" capitalism really was.[16] According to a 2002 poll, one out of four members in the Socialist Left wanted Norway to join the European Union.[17]

The party's election program for the 2001 Norwegian parliamentary election stated that the party was a "socialist party" with a vision of a Norway without social injustice.[18] Since its inception, the party has promoted itself as socialist.[19] In later years, the party has been portrayed as social democratic by some in the Norwegian media,[20][21][22][23][24] and as democratic socialist,[25] and has been categorised as eco-socialist.[1] The incumbent leader Audun Lysbakken has been a self-proclaimed revolutionary, socialist, and Marxist.[26] He believes the party to be a democratic socialist one.[27]

The Socialist Left also advocates the replacement of capitalism with socialism, arguing that

"We shape our own future. It is possible to create a fair and environmentally friendly world, a society where wealth and power are fairly distributed, with freedom and equal rights for all and where we live together within nature's tolerance limit.

A lot has to change. Millions live with oppression and war, inequality in power and wealth is growing and the environmental crisis threatens our livelihood.

The capitalist system must be replaced - nationally and globally - by a democratic, sustainable and needs-based economic system. It is socialism."[28]

Education

[edit]
Solhjell was Minister of Education and Research before Halvorsen took over the office.

Education has been one of main campaign issues since Kristin Halvorsen became party leader.[29] Øystein Djupedal was elected Minister of Education and Research, and held that position for two years.[30] He was replaced by fellow Socialist Left politician Bård Vegar Solhjell.[31] Halvorsen took over the ministry in late 2009.[32] Djupedal's first assignment in office was granting 10 million kr to "even out social differences" between ethnic minorities. The party believes that everyone has the right to free access to kindergarten.[33] Anders Folkestad, leader of the Confederation of Unions for Professionals, was not pleased with Djupedal's efforts during his term in office, saying that "Djupedal has created much uncertainty and a mess after he became Minister of Education and Research. Many had great expectations, but he is sure lagging behind from the time when he was a sideliner." Djupedal was heavily criticised by the Norwegian media for his controversial and bizarre statements.[34] In late 2005, it was estimated that students studying general, business, and administrative studies would save up to 11,978 kr under the red–green coalition; school books became free when the coalition took power.[35]

The party wants to reduce the number of private schools, and Djupedal said they are of no use.[36] Bård Vegar Solhjell stated he believed government-funded schools helped "smoothing social inequality", commenting: "Many of those who remain outside the labor market have received lack of training from school. It prevents them from contributing to the community. Parties on the right often confuse social security and welfare schemes as the problem; however, we tend to look at why they are struggling. There are systematic connections between social background and lack of training - it is a class question where something is needed to be done."[37] Others believe that the party should nationalise non-public schools. Torbjørn Urfjell, former leader of the Socialist Youth chapter in Vest-Agder, said: "School and adolescence is too important to be left to the market. Therefore, they should be taken back."[38] During the 2005 Norwegian parliamentary election, the party promised to increase resources to public schools, believing that more money would lead to fewer pupils per teacher, and more individualised and personal instructions.[39]

Environment

[edit]
Halvorsen said the environmental policies of the red–green coalition were among the most radical in Europe.

The party has held the office of Minister of the Environment since 2005, first by Helen Bjørnøy, followed by Erik Solheim and since 2012 by Bård Vegar Solhjell.[40] During the 2009 Norwegian parliamentary election, the party promoted itself as the biggest and strongest green party in Norway. The party was highly vocal against oil drilling in Lofoten and Vesterålen during the election campaign.[41] A large minority within the party are opposed to the conservation plan, with the majority of them coming from Nordland, the county where the drilling is taking place.[42] The party struggled, despite the public's strong focus on the green movement and global warming. They failed to gather new voters and experienced one of their worst elections in years.[43] By August 2009, various opinion polls gave the party 10% support but lost most of their voters to the Labour Party during the last days of the election.[44]

The party's strong emphasis on green politics, and its failure to capture new voters, has led to debate among electoral researchers. Frank Aarebrot commented: "It is interesting that both the Socialist Left and the Liberals has this bad turnout, when the environmental conference is taking place in Copenhagen."[43] Halvorsen felt the environmental policies of the second Soria Moria declaration showed a clear level of commitment from the party's coalition partners.[45]

Feminism

[edit]

The party has promoted itself as a feminist party.[46] In one of the Socialist Left's brochures published in 2005, it said, "The Socialist Left is a feminist party. We are fighting for a society where women and men have equal opportunities. This means that women should earn as much as men, that there must be more women in the top positions, and that there are welfare schemes that provide equality in the workplace."[47] During the 2005 parliamentary election, one of the four main issues raised by party's youth wing was fighting against sexual harassment.[48] In January 2005, Klassekampen asked 150 of the 169 representatives in parliament if they considered themselves feminist. According to the survey, the Socialist Left and the Liberal Party were the two most feminist, while The Progress Party was the least feminist party in parliament.[49]

Audun Lysbakken was Minister of Children and Equality from 2009[50] to 2012. Arild Stokkan-Grande claimed equality amongst men and women has been a major issue in government mainly because of the activities of the Socialist Left. He claimed that there were more women than men serving in the departments the party controlled.[51]

SV supports the 2008 Sex Purchase Law that criminalises purchasing sex, and the party wants to ban public strip shows.[52]

The party supports the conscription to military services to also include women,[53] which was enacted into legislation in 2015.[54]

Immigration and diversity

[edit]

In 1992, Carl I. Hagen of the Progress Party accused the party of supporting free immigration to Norway, after Lisbeth Holand proposed that immigrants from non-European countries should have the same immigration opportunities as immigrants who have their origins from countries who are members of the European Economic Area. While Hagen was highly critical, she felt that the policy would offer housing and jobs for non-Europeans who needed them.[55] An opinion poll showed that 82.9% of the Socialist Left members were open to more immigration, making the party the most immigration-friendly party in parliament, but still less than the non-parliamentary Red Electoral Alliance.[56] In a measurement done in late 2009, the Socialist Left became again the party least hostile to immigrants, this time behind the newly established party Red.[57]

Another poll showed that almost one-third of Socialist Left voters would not want to live in an area with a high number of immigrants. Social geographer Karl Fredrik Tangen responded that it is easy for the typical intellectual Socialist Left voter, living in upper class areas, to agree to what was for them hypothetical question.[58] Recent surveys show that support for the party by immigrants plummeted from 25% in 2005 to 6% in 2009. Norwegian-Somali writer Amal Aden explained that "we do not earn anything from the policies of the Socialist Left. They say that everyone is okay, and that does not work".[59]

The party is open to more immigration, believing Norway will evolve into a more multicultural society. The party believes the only way to create social equality is to create ethnic equality in Norway.[60] By 2009, Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg said his government would tighten the then prevailing immigration policy, which would make it harder for immigrants to be granted asylum in Norway. The Socialist Left, along with the Liberal Party and the Christian Democrats, felt the new policy was too strict.[61] and the party took a formal dissent in government regarding the asylum policy. The party in particular wants more liberal regulations for asylum cases that involve children.[62]

In 2012, the party leader Audun Lysbakken strongly warned against Islamist extremists like Profetens Ummah, and vowed to fight them.[63] The party is in favour of lifting the ban against religious headwear like hijab and turban for police employees, but has been split over the issue, and a substantial minority, including the youth fraction, voted against allowing religious headwear at the party's convention in 2013.[64]

International affairs

[edit]

The military action in Kosovo was a controversial issue within the party; the party leadership supported the military intervention, saying the ethnic cleansing in Kosovo had to be stopped. Supporters included Kristin Halvorsen, who favored NATO's air strikes, but a large group within the party vehemently opposed such support, arguing that violence would only lead to more violence.[65] The party's chapter in Akershus called the attack a "NATO-led terrorist bombing", and believed the bombing marked the first time that Norway had declared war on another nation. They wanted the United Nations to find a peaceful solution to the conflict.[66] Stein Ørnhøi, leader of the Socialist People's Party, said the party's representatives in parliament acted preposterously; he felt they made the wrong decision in supporting NATO's actions in Kosovo when the majority of the party was against it.[67] During the national convention, Halvorsen threatened to resign as party leader unless the factional fighting within the party stopped. This led to a split within the party, with the first group supporting her resignation and the larger second faction concluding that the NATO bombing was to be immediately terminated if the Serbs stopped the ethnic cleansing in Kosovo, if Halvorsen continued as party leader.[68]

Norwegian International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) troops in Mazar-e-Sharif on 4 February 2009

In most foreign policy issues, the party has opposed military action. They were against the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan[citation needed] and the Iraq War.[69] After joining the red–green coalition in 2005, the party stopped their strong opposition to the two wars,[70] and in 2008 the party proposed creating a "new strategy" for the Norwegian armed forces located in Afghanistan.[71] In 2007, Erik Solheim from the Ministry of International Development visited Norwegian troops in Afghanistan.[72] The policy regarding Afghanistan has led to much unrest within the party, most notably with the party's chapter in Bergen.[73] By early 2008, the party chapters of Hordaland and Rogaland criticised Kristin Halvorsen and the government regarding their Afghanistan policies, and demanded an immediate withdrawal by October 2009. The Oslo chapter asked for drastic changes in the military strategy created by NATO.[74]

Thorbjørn Jagland, then President of the Storting, requested the government should send more soldiers to Afghanistan, if NATO requested it.[75] The Socialist Left supported the war, but was against sending more soldiers to the region, and denied access for the Norwegian Special Forces. Their main reason was that Norway, along with the Netherlands, "clearly had the most soldiers located in Afghanistan", in relation to population in the respective countries, and Afghanistan was "the largest military commitment Norway currently has abroad".[76]

Organisation and structure

[edit]

Organs

[edit]

The party is split into five organs: the first national convention, which held every second year, the National Board, the Central Committee, Municipal and Local Chapters, and the Party Representatives.[77] The national convention works as a democratic body for the party, where members representing their county or municipal can elect new national representatives for the party. One example of this is the party leader, who stands for election every second year.[78]

The National Board is the party's highest decision-making body between the national conventions. The Board consists of 19 members. Members are elected by each county, plus six members are directly elected during the national convention; some of these are permanent members. In total, there are 36 members. The board meets approximately six times a year to deal with current political and organisational issues. Its task is to adopt the party's budget and to select the party's permanent political representatives.[79] The Central Committee manages the party in the interim period between National Board meetings. Members of the committee are elected by the national convention. the Committee consists of the party leader, the two deputy leaders, the party secretary, the parliamentary leader, the leader of the Socialist Youth, and five other members. The board holds a meeting almost every Monday.[80] The Municipal and Local Chapters organ works as "communication" body between the chapters and the national party.[81]

The last body, the Party's Representative organ, consists of nine national party offices. These offices serves as advisory bodies for the party. The officeholders work alongside the party's parliamentary group, the government apparatus, and the rest of the party organisation on their specialised offices. They also have contact with organisations and communities in their local area. The Party's Representatives normally meet four to six times a year; the group consists of party members from all over the nation who have any special expertise. Party's Representatives are elected by the national convention.[82]

History

[edit]
Main article: History of the Socialist Left Party

Formation (1973–1975)

[edit]
Leaders Term
Berit Ås[83] 1975–1976
Berge Furre[83] 1976–1983
Theo Koritzinsky[83] 1983–1987
Erik Solheim[83] 1987–1997
Kristin Halvorsen[83] 1997–2012
Audun Lysbakken[83] 2012–2023
Kirsti Bergstø[83] 2023–present

After losing all its parliamentary seats in the 1969 parliamentary election, the Socialist People's Party sought to create an election coalition between various left-wing parties.[84] While previously being sceptical of working with the Communist Party of Norway, the party eventually became a member of the coalition, along with the Information Committee of the Labour Movement against Norwegian membership in the European Community, Democratic Socialists and various non-party-aligned independent socialists.[85] Reidar T. Larsen, leader of the Communist Party, said the members at the party's national convention unanimously agreed to join the coalition, which would later go by the name of the Socialist Electoral League.[86]

It took 16 days to negotiate a settlement between the groups. Members agreed that this coalition would be the only way to get a "socialist government" in Norway.[86] By 1973, the Labour Party had suffered a decrease in popular support, which at that time was estimated to around 100,000 voters. Speculation arose that voters had left the Labour Party for the newly created Socialist Electoral League.[87] Early Labour Party predictions were that the Electoral League would dissolve because of internal strife. Reiulf Steen later stated that he had more "respect" for the Maoist Red Electoral Alliance party than the Electoral League.[88] The coalition gained 11.2% of the popular vote and 16 seats in parliament in the 1973 parliamentary election.[89]

The party now known as the Socialist Left was founded in 1975. The Communist Party did not want to dissolve to become a member of the Socialist Left Party, and voted against membership. This led to an internal struggle within the party, with the party's official newspaper, Friheten, strongly suggesting the party could not dissolve, because that would mean the death of the revolutionary movement. The official newspaper of the Socialist People's Party, Orientering, attacked what they called the "hard-core" leaders of the Communist Party.[90] Without the Communist Party, the other parties voted to dissolve the coalition and to replace it with a political party.[91]

Early years (1976–1997)

[edit]
Erik Solheim, party leader from 1987 to 1997, as seen in June 2009

The first years were not successful, as the party lost many of its seats in Parliament,[92][93] but under Berge Furre's leadership during the 1980s, the party's popularity rose again.[92] Internal conflicts within the party escalated; there were rumours that then–deputy leader Steinar Stjernø was trying to throw out the social democratic wing of the party.[94] A more serious problem for the party was that two of the party's MPs had been convicted of betrayal of the country in the aftermath of World War II, the most notable being Hanna Kvanmo. Later, Kvanmo became one of the leading and best-liked politicians in Norway.[95] Under the leadership of Theo Koritzinsky later in the 1980s, the party became prominent for its efforts for peace,[96] disarmament,[97] employment,[98] green politics, and economic equality.[99]

At the beginning of the 1990s under Erik Solheim, party popularity again declined.[100] SV lost most of its "no to EU" voters to the Centre Party, when the party fought actively against Norwegian membership in the European Union, and when Norwegians again voted against membership in a referendum.[101] Solheim's tenure as leader – while praised by some – was seen as very controversial. The socialist wing of the party, the "Museum Guardians", as they were called, were worried that Solheim was moving the party too much to the center. Outside critics of Solheim said his policies had led to a "grey-blue social democratic" party, with little or no differences from the Labour Party. Solheim tried to get the party to change direction and form a coalition government with the Labour and the Centre Party.[102] Solheim was forced to resign in 1997, with the party seeing him as the main reason for the new power struggle between the left- and right-wing factions of the party.[103]

Early leadership of Halvorsen (1997–2005)

[edit]

With the election of Kristin Halvorsen as new party leader in 1997, the party's popularity rose again. Under her leadership, the main focus became education, and the slogan "children and youth first" was coined.[104] The party steadily built up its voter base during the Labour Stoltenberg's First Cabinet, which moved the Labour Party more to center, while privatising government-held assets. This led to a historic high voter turnout for the Socialist Left; they earned 12.5% of the national vote in the 2001 Norwegian parliamentary election. The Labour Party earned a record-low turnout, with only 24.3% of the vote.[105] The turnout only worsened the inner struggle within the party, with party leader Thorbjørn Jagland and Jens Stoltenberg accusing each other. The right-wing faction of the party wanted to continue to move the party further to the center, while the left-wing faction wanted to move the party closer to the Socialist Left.[106] By early 2005, polls showed that over 20% of Norwegian voters would vote for the Socialist Left.[107]

Halvorsen (center) during the Oslo May Day march with Erling Folkvord (left, from Red) and Jens Stoltenberg (right, from the Labour Party)

Prime minister Kjell Magne Bondevik from the Christian Democratic Party believed the three parties were "unclear" and "vague" when talking about the red–green coalition ideological and political position. After discussing the state budget of Norway with the Socialist Left and the Centre Party, Jens Stoltenberg agreed with Halvorsen that they needed to create a universal free day care service.[108] By February 2005, an opinion poll gave the coalition 96 of 169 seats in parliament, with the Socialist Left increasing with 3.9%.[109] Later in February, a small faction within the party called the future coalition the Red-Grey Coalition, believing the environmental policies of the Labour and the Centre Party were not "radical enough".[110]

Before the 2005 Norwegian parliamentary election, Deputy Leader Øystein Djupedal said that the Socialist Left would not contribute to any radical changes if they earned a position within the government.[111] Erna Solberg, leader of the Conservative Party, accused the party of being "communist", because some of its present and earlier connections to communist organisations around Europe.[112] By early August, the Socialist Left was the party having the most progress in the opinion polls, but 17% of the people who voted for the Socialist Left previously were unsure what party they would vote for in the 2005 election.[113] By late August, the party was labelled one of the "big losers" in the election, along with the Conservative Party. Many election researchers believed that the Socialist Left had lost voter's interest when they entered the coalition and worked alongside the Labour Party.[114] The bad election results led to internal struggles within the party, with Djupedal claiming it to be the hardest election in the party history.[115] The party had 5 of 19 ministers in the government, one more than the Centre Party.[116]

Red–green coalition (2005–2013)

[edit]
Main articles: 2009 Socialist Left Party national convention, Red–green coalition (Norway), and Stoltenberg's Second Cabinet

In the 2009 Norwegian parliamentary election, the party lost four seats and was left with 11, but a three-seat gain by the Labour Party secured the red–green coalition an 86–83 majority. The shift of power within the coalition resulted in the loss of one Socialist Left cabinet minister, leaving them with four, the same as the Centre Party. The Socialist Left and Halvorsen conceded the influential Ministry of Finance to the Labour Party in order to keep control of the Ministry of Education and Research.[117]

Halvorsen announced her resignation following the 2011 Norwegian local elections. The new leader was to be chosen on an extraordinary party congress in 2012. Audun Lysbakken, Heikki Holmås, and Bård Vegar Solhjell have announced their candidature for the leader position.[118] Lysbakken was elected the party's leader on 11 March 2012.[9][10] The Red Party has criticised the SV for forming a government with the Labour Party, which is regarded by many on the Norwegian Left to be neoliberal, and opening the Barents Sea to oil drilling as well as supporting the NATO-led 2011 military intervention in Libya.[119]

Return to opposition (2013–present)

[edit]

Under the leadership of Audun Lysbakken, the party had strong gains in its vote share in elections and membership.[9][10] In the 2017 Norwegian parliamentary election, the party gained four seats[120] but the incumbent right-wing government led by Erna Solberg was renowned. The 2021 Norwegian parliamentary election was a big win for the left-wing opposition in an election fought on climate change, inequality, and oil.[15] Jonas Gahr Støre's Labour Party was aiming to form a majority government with the Centre Party and the Socialist Left Party,[121][122] but the latter stated that it would remain in opposition, citing disagreements over climate and welfare policies,[123] while remaining open for future negotiations and to support the government on common grounds. To the press, Lysbakken said the party was open for future negotiations, commenting that it was a good and friendly negotiation, and would be going into opposition for the time being. Centre Party leader Trygve Slagsvold Vedum said: "I think it is the responsibility of the Labour Party and the Socialist Left Party to keep a good tone and see if we can lay the groundwork for a new government." While disappointed for not forming his favoured government, Støre described the talks as friendly and respectful.[124]

On 9 November 2022, Lysbakken, citing family reasons, announced that he would not seek re-election as party leader and would step down at the next party convention in March 2023.[125] Lysbakken was succeeded by his deputy leader, Kirsti Bergstø, at the party convention in March.[126]

Election history

[edit]

Parliamentary elections

[edit]

In the parliamentary elections in Norway, the Socialist Left Party is the seventh-largest party in Norway, behind the Labour Party, the Conservative Party, the Progress Party, the Christian Democratic Party, the Centre Party, and the Liberal Party. Its popularity initially declined from levels achieved by the Socialist Electoral League.[127] Its seat count rose to its peak after the 2001 Norwegian parliamentary election; this election also marked the Socialist Left's largest voter count, with 12.5% of the national vote.[92]

When the Socialist Electoral League was founded in the early 1970s, the party won voters from the Labour Party, which ruled as a majority government. Early speculation said that the Labour Party had lost 100,000 votes to the Socialist Electoral League.[87] In the 1973 Norwegian parliamentary election, the party gained 16 seats in Storting.[128] After the unification process was finished, the party's voter base collapsed, falling to 4.2% of the national vote in the 1977 Norwegian parliamentary election,[92] and earned only two seats in parliament.[93] In the 1989 Norwegian parliamentary election, the Socialist Left gathered 10.1% of the national vote,[92] falling back again after the 1997 Norwegian parliamentary election.[129]

After having what many described as a bad election, the Labour Party lost many of its voters to the Socialist Left in 2001,[130][131][132][133] with the Socialist Left increasing from 6% to 12.5% of the national vote, again becoming the fourth largest party in the country.[92] In the 2005 Norwegian parliamentary election, the party gathered 8.8% of the vote; this further decreased in the 2009 Norwegian parliamentary election, when the Socialist Left gathered 6.2% of the vote;[92] and again in the 2013 Norwegian parliamentary election, when it gathered 4.1%, 1,600 votes away from falling under the election threshold.[134] The Socialist Left Party bounced back in the mid-2010s,[9][10] making gains in the 2017 Norwegian parliamentary election,[120] and contributing to the big left-wing opposition win in the 2021 Norwegian parliamentary election.[15]

Local elections

[edit]

The 1975 Norwegian local elections were met with a sharp decrease in voters, with the party earning a disappointing voter turnout of 5.5% in the municipal election and 5.7% in the county election.[100] In an opinion poll done before election day in 1975, it was estimated that half of the voters who voted for the Socialist Electoral League would not vote for the party again. The decrease in voters was due to the Labour Party's election surge during the 1973 Norwegian parliamentary election.[135] The party further decreased in popular support by the 1979 Norwegian local elections, earning 4.1% in the municipal and 4.4% in the county respectively.[100]

By the 1983 Norwegian local elections, the party increased by 1% in the municipal and 0.9% in the county election.[100] According to an opinion poll done in early September, the Labour Party would lose four of its Oslo representatives in parliament to the Progress Party, the Conservative Party, and the Socialist Left.[136] If the 1983 local election had been a parliamentary election, the Socialist Left would have received 8 seats in parliament.[137] The party earned 5.5% and 5.7% in the 1987 Norwegian local elections, respectively at the municipal and county level.[100] The party's strongest county was Nordland, where the party gained 21.9% of the popular vote.[138]

The 1991 Norwegian local elections marked a large increase in voters for the party, earning 11.6 in the municipalities and 12.2% in the counties, making the party the third-largest party in Norway.[100] The Socialist Left, along with the Centre Party, was named the election's "big winners" by the Norwegian press.[139] In the 1995 Norwegian local elections, the party gathered 5.9% in the municipalities and 6.1% in counties.[100] Before the 1999 Norwegian local elections, polls showed an increase in popular support for the Socialist Left in Oslo.[140] The reason for the increase was that the party was again able to win votes from the Labour Party.[141] The party gained 7.8% of the votes in the municipalities and 8.5% in the counties.[100]

By 2003, the party's voter based had increased dramatically over the 1999 local elections.[92] The party had what many described as a "record election", winning most of its voters from the Labour Party.[142] The 2007 Norwegian local elections resulted in their voter base to reduced by half.[143] In the 2011 Norwegian local elections, the party got just slightly above 4% of all votes on a nationwide basis. After this, party leader Kristin Halvorsen announced her resignation on the election night.[118] A similar result occurred in the 2015 Norwegian local elections, despite gains for left-leaning parties,[144][145] but the Socialist Left was able to form a majority coalition with the Labour Party and Red Party in Tromsø.[146] In the 2019 Norwegian local elections, the Socialist Left Party returned to its 2007 levels and made further gains, alongside the Green and Red parties.[147]

Electoral results

[edit]

Graphical summary

[edit]

Parliamentary elections

[edit]
Storting
Date Votes Seats Position Size
No. % ± pp No. ±
1973 241,851 11.2 New
16 / 155
 New Support 4th
1977 96,248 4.2 Decrease 7.0
2 / 155
 Decrease 14 Support Decrease 5th
1981 121,561 4.9 Increase 0.7
4 / 155
 Increase 2 Opposition Increase 4th
1985 141,950 5.5 Increase 0.6
6 / 157
 Increase 2 Opposition Decrease 5th
Support (from 1986)
1989 266,782 10.1 Increase 4.6
17 / 165
 Increase 11 Opposition Increase 4th
Support
1993 194,633 7.9 Decrease 2.2
13 / 165
 Decrease 4 Support Steady 4th
1997 155,307 6.0 Decrease 1.9
9 / 165
 Decrease 4 Opposition Decrease 6th
Support (2000–2001)
2001 316,397 12.5 Increase 6.5
23 / 165
 Increase 14 Opposition Increase 4th
2005 232,971 8.8 Decrease 3.7
15 / 169
 Decrease 8 Coalition (Ap–Sp–SV) Steady 4th
2009 166,361 6.2 Decrease 2.6
11 / 169
 Decrease 4 Coalition (Ap–Sp–SV) Steady 4th
2013 116,021 4.1 Decrease 2.1
7 / 169
 Decrease 4 Opposition Decrease 7th
2017 176,222 6.0 Increase 1.9
11 / 169
 Increase 4 Opposition Increase 5th
2021 227,274 7.5 Increase 1.5
13 / 169
 Increase 2 Support Steady 5th
Local
Year Vote % Type
1975 5.5
5.7 		Municipal
County
1979 4.1
4.4 		Municipal
County
1983 5.1
5.3 		Municipal
County
1987 5.5
5.7 		Municipal
County
1991 11.6
12.2 		Municipal
County
1995 5.9
6.1 		Municipal
County
1999 7.8
8.5 		Municipal
County
2003 12.4
13.0 		Municipal
County
2007 6.2
6.5 		Municipal
County
2011 4.1
4.3 		Municipal
County
2015 4.1
4.0 		Municipal
County
2019 6.1
6.0 		Municipal
County
2023 6.8
6.1 		Municipal
County

Notable people

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Nordsieck, Wolfram (September 2021). "Norway". Parties and Elections in Europe. Retrieved 19 October 2021.
  2. ^ Colomer, Josep M. (25 July 2008). Comparative European Politics. Routledge. p. 261. ISBN 9781134073542. Retrieved 23 August 2018..
  3. ^ AFP, French Press Agency– (11 September 2021). "Norway faces possible change in EU ties after election". Daily Sabah. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
  4. ^ Rye, Lise. "Norwegian eurosceptism revisited" (PDF).
  5. ^ "Norway flirts with the idea of a 'mini Brexit' in election campaign". The Local Norway. 11 September 2021. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
  6. ^ Nikel, David (4 August 2021). "Political Parties in Norway". Life in Norway. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
  7. ^ "SV-forslag om republikk får støtte fra flere" (in Norwegian). 25 September 2016.
  8. ^ "Medlemstallene i SV mot nye høyder" (in Norwegian). Socialist Left Party. 10 January 2018. Archived from the original on 25 March 2020. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
  9. ^ a b c d e "SV-jubel over kraftig medlemsvekst" [SV rejoices over membership growth]. Dagens Næringsliv (in Norwegian). 10 January 2018. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
  10. ^ a b c d e "SV vokser videre etter godt valg" [SV continues to grow after good elections]. Vårt Land (in Norwegian). 28 September 2017. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
  11. ^ "12.2.2 Partienes syn... - regjeringen.no". Archived from the original on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 28 September 2012.
  12. ^ "Hva står de politiske partiene for?" (in Norwegian). Nasjonal Digital Læringsarena.
  13. ^ "Alliansepolitikk". SV (in Norwegian). Retrieved 17 December 2019.
  14. ^ Håland, Asta Beate (31 December 2005). "Kvinner og andre minoriteter" (in Norwegian). Klassekampen.
  15. ^ a b c Buli, Nora; Klesty, Victoria (14 September 2021). "Norway's left-wing opposition wins in a landslide, coalition talks next". Reuters. Retrieved 19 October 2021.
  16. ^ Gustavsen, Finn (1 November 2009). "Finn Gustavsen". Verdens Gang (in Norwegian). p. 4.
  17. ^ Salvesen, Geir (18 February 2002). "Én av fire i SV sier ja til EU". Aftenposten. p. 4.
  18. ^ "Sosialistisk framgang men kva så?". Klassekampen (in Norwegian). 11 September 2009.
  19. ^ ""Sosialistene" Ap-SV-Sp". Adresseavisen (in Norwegian). 6 June 2005. p. 23.
  20. ^ Østlie, Jan-Erik (17 August 2009). "Det blir ikke revolusjon i år heller". Frifagbevegelse.no (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 18 December 2009.
  21. ^ Christensen, Per Aage Pleym (16 September 2003). "Populistene vant, ansvaret tapte". Liberaleren (in Norwegian). Retrieved 18 December 2009.
  22. ^ Aabø, Stein (5 March 2003). "Røde tall smitter". Dagbladet (in Norwegian). Retrieved 18 December 2009.
  23. ^ Lode, Veslemøy (9 June 2004). "Røde Oslo-folk". Dagsavisen (in Norwegian). Retrieved 18 December 2009. [dead link‍]
  24. ^ Ulstein, Hege (5 June 2005). "Håper SV og Ap blir ett parti etter samarbeid". Dagsavisen (in Norwegian). Retrieved 18 December 2009. [dead link‍]
  25. ^ Larsen, Christiane Jordheim; Sjøli, Hans Petter (14 November 2009). "Kamp: SVs venstrefløy går". Klassekampen (in Norwegian). p. 4.
  26. ^ Johansen, Marianne; Thunæs, Bjørn (29 November 2005). "SV-nestleder vil fjerne børsen". Verdens Gang. Retrieved 19 December 2009.
  27. ^ Johansen, Marianne; Thunæs, Bjørn; Mosveen, Eirik (30 September 2009). "Illsint Siv Jensen". Verdens Gang. p. 17.
  28. ^ Vår tids oppgaver
  29. ^ "SV tror på minst 10 prosent velgeroppslutning" (in Norwegian). Norwegian News Agency. 4 August 2001.
  30. ^ "Øystein Djupedal" (in Norwegian). Storting. 20 February 2010.
  31. ^ "Bård Vegar Solhjell" (in Norwegian). Storting. 20 February 2010.
  32. ^ "Kristin Halvorsen" (in Norwegian). Storting. 21 February 2010.
  33. ^ Halvorsen, Bjørn Egil (15 November 2005). "Øystein Djupedal gir 10 millioner i startpakke". Dagsavisen (in Norwegian). p. 10.
  34. ^ Holmelid, Kristin (30 November 2005). "Mageplask på mageplask av Djupedal; fakta/minister i minefelt". Bergens Tidende (in Norwegian). p. 7.
  35. ^ Veslemøy, Lode; Larsen-Vonstett, Øystein (13 September 2005). "Din Nye Hverdag". Verdens Gang (in Norwegian). p. 8.
  36. ^ Natland, Jarle (24 October 2005). "Ny kunnskapsminister: - Læreren er viktigst i den norske skolen". Stavanger Aftenblad (in Norwegian). p. 8.
  37. ^ Bredeveien, Jo Moen (25 February 2009). "- Problemet er "kenguruskolen"". Dagsavisen (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 26 February 2009.
  38. ^ Lorentsen, Olaf (7 September 2005). "Het debatt om utdanning". Fædrelandsvennen (in Norwegian). p. 3.
  39. ^ Beck, Christian W. (22 December 2005). "Friskoler som ideal". Dagbladet (in Norwegian). p. 34.
  40. ^ "Vi må først ha kunnskap". Stavanger Aftenblad (in Norwegian). 4 February 2010. p. 26.
  41. ^ "Delseier til SV". Dagbladet (in Norwegian). 27 September 2009. p. 2.
  42. ^ Nedrebø, Rune (24 September 2009). "SV-arar opne for retrett om oljeboring i Lofoten". Stavanger Aftenblad (in Norwegian). pp. 12–13.
  43. ^ a b Skard, Kristian (17 December 2009). "Miljøpartiene sliter med troverdigheten". Dagens Næringsliv (in Norwegian). p. 20.
  44. ^ "SV i siget på ny meningsmåling". Kommunal Rapport (in Norwegian). 31 August 2009.
  45. ^ "SV: Miljø gjennomsyrer hele plattformen" (in Norwegian). Norwegian News Agency. 7 October 2009.
  46. ^ Håland, Asta Beate (31 December 2005). "Kvinner og andre minoriteter". Klassekampen (in Norwegian).
  47. ^ Stø, Ane (26 September 2005). "Damenes vals?". Klassekampen (in Norwegian).
  48. ^ Ueland, Margunn; Minge, Anders (28 August 2005). "Tar opp seksuell trakassering i skolen i debatt". Stavanger Aftenblad (in Norwegian). p. 5.
  49. ^ Thorenfeldt, Gunnar (22 January 2005). "Feminist? Javisst!". Klassekampen (in Norwegian).
  50. ^ Brock, Arild (18 November 2009). "Radikal". Verdens Gang (in Norwegian). p. 41.
  51. ^ Lode, Veslemøy (19 November 2009). "Vasser i damer likestilling". Dagbladet (in Norwegian).
  52. ^ Anne Marte Blindheim et al.: Vil forby stripping (in Norwegian) Dagbladet, 17 March 2013
  53. ^ Karen R. Tjernshaugen: SV sier ja til hijab i politiet og verneplikt for kvinner (in Norwegian)Aftenposten, 17 March 2013
  54. ^ "Allmenn verneplikt". Government.no. Norwegian government. 4 November 2014. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
  55. ^ "Ingen støtte til økt innvandring". Aftenposten. 3 December 1992. p. 10.
  56. ^ Salvesen, Geir (6 March 1999). "Flertall for mer jobb-innvandring". Aftenposten. p. 37.
  57. ^ "Frykten for islam". Fædrelandsvennen. 31 December 2009. p. 2.
  58. ^ Slettholm, Andreas (30 December 2009). "Nei til flerkulturelt nabolag". Aftenposten. Archived from the original on 21 August 2011. Retrieved 6 February 2010.
  59. ^ "Innvandrere svikter SV". Nettavisen. 4 September 2009. Archived from the original on 9 October 2012. Retrieved 6 February 2010.
  60. ^ Haugan, Bjørn (9 September 1997). "Innvandring". Verdens Gang.
  61. ^ Kristoffersen, Svein (14 March 2009). "Ap og Frp enige om asylinnstramning". Klassekampen. p. 13.
  62. ^ Amund Aune Nilsen et al: Fortjent med sterk kritikk av regjeringen på asylområdet NRK, 12 January 2013
  63. ^ NTB: Lysbakken advarer mot ekstreme islamister Aftenposten, 19 October 2012
  64. ^ Karen R. Tjernshaugen: SV sier ja til hijab i politiet og verneplikt for kvinner Aftenposten, 17 March 2013
  65. ^ Harbo, Hilde; Johansen, Per Anders (25 March 1999). "Halvorsen og Solheim trosser eget parti". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2009.
  66. ^ "Uenighet i SV om NATO-bombing" (in Norwegian). Norwegian News Agency. 26 March 1999.
  67. ^ Hurum, Eirin; Vassnes, Hanne Borgen (30 March 1999). "Beredt til å gå". Dagbladet (in Norwegian). p. 15.
  68. ^ Larsen, Gunnar Tore (11 April 1999). "SV fortvilte seg til kompromiss". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). p. 5.
  69. ^ Hegtun, Halvor (31 December 2002). "SV og Sp. krever åpen debatt om krig". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2009.
  70. ^ Solhjell, Bård Vegar (5 May 2006). "Klår linje frå SV". Dagbladet (in Norwegian). p. 57.
  71. ^ "Ikke kursendring ennå". Adresseavisen (in Norwegian). 22 January 2008. p. 4.
  72. ^ "Ennå ikke fred etter seks år". Adresseavisen (in Norwegian). 8 October 2008. p. 20.
  73. ^ Skjeseth, Alf (21 January 2008). "Debatten". Klassekampen (in Norwegian). p. 2.
  74. ^ Spence, Thomas (21 February 2008). "Får soldat- bråk rett i fanget". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). p. 12.
  75. ^ "Avsporing om Afghanistan". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 17 November 2006. p. 2.
  76. ^ Barstad, Haakon (21 October 2006). "La oss gå rett på sak. Hvorfor vil ikke SV sende flere norske soldater". Nationen (in Norwegian). p. 18.
  77. ^ "Partiets organer" (in Norwegian). Socialist Left Party. Archived from the original on 26 November 2010. Retrieved 20 March 2010.
  78. ^ "Landsmøte 2009" (in Norwegian). Socialist Left Party. Archived from the original on 27 November 2010. Retrieved 20 March 2010.
  79. ^ "Landsstyret" (in Norwegian). Socialist Left Party. Retrieved 20 March 2010.
  80. ^ "Sentralstyret" (in Norwegian). Socialist Left Party. Retrieved 20 March 2010.
  81. ^ "Fylke- og lokallagsinndeling" (in Norwegian). Socialist Left Party. Archived from the original on 24 March 2010. Retrieved 20 March 2010.
  82. ^ "Utvalg" (in Norwegian). Socialist Left Party. Retrieved 20 March 2010.
  83. ^ a b c d e f g "Sosialistisk Venstreparti". Store Norske Leksikon (in Norwegian). Retrieved 23 February 2010.
  84. ^ "Farvel til SF". Verdens Gang (in Norwegian). 9 September 1969. p. 2.
  85. ^ "Allianser og perspektiver". Verdens Gang (in Norwegian). 18 April 1973. p. 3.
  86. ^ a b "Sosialistisk Valgforbund". Verdens Gang (in Norwegian). 13 April 1973. p. 6.
  87. ^ a b Norvik, Erling (16 April 1973). "De borgerlige krefter må samles". Verdens Gang (in Norwegian). p. 3.
  88. ^ "Fjerde gang gjelder det". Verdens Gang (in Norwegian). 23 August 1973. p. 5.
  89. ^ "Spørsmål og svar". Verdens Gang (in Norwegian). 23 March 2007. p. 2.
  90. ^ Stemland, Jens Henrik (21 June 1975). "Orientering trommer til kamp". Verdens Gang (in Norwegian). p. 4.
  91. ^ "Fakta om Sosialistisk Venstreparti" (in Norwegian). Norwegian News Agency. 20 October 2000.
  92. ^ a b c d e f g h "Stemmefordeling 1981-2009". Stortinget.no. Retrieved 19 December 2009.
  93. ^ a b "Stortingsvalget 1977. Valgte representanter etter parti. Fylke". Statistics Norway. 2001. Retrieved 19 December 2009.
  94. ^ Kleivan, Kåre; Iversen, Arne (11 September 1976). "Klassekampen lanseres fraksjonskamp i SV". Verdens Gang (in Norwegian). p. 3.
  95. ^ Dahl, Hans Fredrik (21 July 2008). "Dommen over Hanna". Dagbladet. Retrieved 22 February 2010.
  96. ^ Solvoll, Einar (9 December 1983). "Naiv SV tankegang, sier Nordli". Aftenposten. p. 3.
  97. ^ Greve, Tim (12 September 1981). "Anti-klimaks på valgkampen". Verdens Gang. p. 5.
  98. ^ Malmø, Morten (1 November 1983). "Borgerlig enighet, hard Ap.kritikk". Aftenposten. p. 3.
  99. ^ Wettrejohnsen, Egil (11 October 1985). "Sosialistisk Venstreparti: Katastrofe for eldrepolitikken". Aftenposten. p. 11.
  100. ^ a b c d e f g h "Elections" (PDF). Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 July 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2009.
  101. ^ Wettrejohnsen, Egil (29 November 1994). "Fred of forsoning for SV". Norwegian News Agency.
  102. ^ Spence, Thomas (8 June 1995). "Stormfullt partnerskap". Aftenposten. p. 19.
  103. ^ Kristoffersen, Svein (24 April 1997). "SV: Et nødvendig lederskifte". Norwegian News Agency.
  104. ^ Aalborg, Berit (8 September 1997). "SV vil snu valgkampen: - En uke med barn og ungdom først". Aftenposten. p. 2.
  105. ^ Kristoffersen, Svein (11 September 2001). "Stoltenberg sitter på oppsigelse". Norwegian News Agency.
  106. ^ Øverby, Arve (20 September 2001), "Ap i gang med oppvasken", Verdens Gang, p. 2
  107. ^ Horn, Anders (1 April 2005). "Den største utfordringen". Ny Tid. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 20 March 2010.
  108. ^ Krossli, Jan Inge (28 January 2005). "Vil ha avtale før valget". Dagsavisen (in Norwegian). p. 9.
  109. ^ "Rekordmåling for de rødgrønne" (in Norwegian). Norwegian News Agency. 22 February 2005.
  110. ^ Olsen, Einar (12 February 2005). "SV frykter at rødgrønn kan bli rødgrå" (in Norwegian). Norwegian News Agency.
  111. ^ "Ingen brå endringer med SV i regjering" (in Norwegian). Norwegian News Agency. 23 August 2005.
  112. ^ Johansen, Marianne; Mosveen, Eirik; Johansen, Alf Bjarne; Vågenes, Hallgeir (28 August 2005). "Beskylder SV for å være i Kommunist-Selskap". Verdens Gang (in Norwegian).
  113. ^ Horn, Anders (5 August 2005). "SV best inn i valgkampen". Klassekampen (in Norwegian).
  114. ^ Lønnå, Eline; Sjøli, Hans Petter (27 August 2005). "SV i skyggen av Jens". Klassekampen (in Norwegian).
  115. ^ Ola, Oustad Hans (13 September 2005). "Sprakk på oppløpet: Jubel på SV-vake tross tilbakegang". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). p. 11.
  116. ^ Lee, Irina (17 October 2005). "Anne-Grete inn i regjering". Bergens Tidende (in Norwegian). p. 7.
  117. ^ Halvorsen Kemp, Ida; Hegtun, Halvor (18 October 2009). "Halvorsen går av som finansminister". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 20 October 2009. Retrieved 7 January 2010.
  118. ^ a b Blindheim, Anne Marte; Fiske, Robin Reistad; Lundervold, Linn Kongsli (12 September 2011). "Kristin Halvorsen går av i 2012". Dagbladet (in Norwegian). Retrieved 25 September 2011.
  119. ^ Engelstad, Ellen; Martinussen, Marie Sneve (10 September 2017). "The Role of the Norwegian Left". Jacobin. Retrieved 19 October 2021.
  120. ^ a b "Tall for hele Norge – Stortingsvalg – 2017". Valgresultat (in Norwegian). Norwegian Directorate of Elections. 26 February 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
  121. ^ Milne, Richard (13 September 2021). "Norway's centre-left set for power as Erna Solberg concedes". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
  122. ^ "Norway's left-wing opposition wins general election in a landslide". France 24. Agence France-Presse. 13 September 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
  123. ^ Treloar, Stephen (29 September 2021). "Norway Coalition Talks in Disarray as Socialist Left Walks Out". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
  124. ^ "SV bryter sonderingene på Hurdal: − Stor skuffelse". Verdens Gang (in Norwegian). 29 September 2021. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
  125. ^ "Audun Lysbakken (SV) stiller ikke til gjenvalg: − Det koster" (in Norwegian). Verdens Gang. 9 November 2022. Retrieved 9 November 2022.
  126. ^ "Kirsti Bergstø er SVs nye partileder" (in Norwegian). NRK. 18 March 2023. Retrieved 18 March 2023.
  127. ^ "Stortingets sammensetning 1945-d.d." Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD). Retrieved 19 December 2009.
  128. ^ "Stortingsvalget 1973. Valgte representanter etter parti. Fylke". Statistics Norway. 2001. Retrieved 19 December 2009.
  129. ^ "Diverse Tillegg". Statistics Norway. Retrieved 19 December 2009.
  130. ^ Hansson, Steinar (29 September 2001). "Arbeiderpartiet i revers". Adresseavisen. p. 15.
  131. ^ "Arbeiderpartiet og stortingsvalget". Adresseavisen. 18 September 2001. p. 34.
  132. ^ "1. Leder et historisk valg". Dagbladet. 11 September 2001. p. 3.
  133. ^ "Knust, men blir sittende". Aftenposten. 11 September 2001. p. 1.
  134. ^ "SV om lag 1.600 stemmer unna sperregrensen" (in Norwegian). Dagens Næringsliv/NTB. 10 September 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
  135. ^ "Bare halvparten av SV-velgerne stemmer SV igjen". Verdens Gang. 12 September 1975. p. 1.
  136. ^ "Høyre, SV og Fr.p. spås fremgang i Oslo". Aftenposten. 1 September 1983. p. 8.
  137. ^ Nilssen, Andreas (16 September 1983). "Valgene". Verdens Gang. p. 24.
  138. ^ "Åmot beste SV-kommune, Nordland beste SV-fylke". Norwegian News Agency. 15 September 1987.
  139. ^ Mathismoen, Ole (10 September 1991). "SV og Sp. valgets store vinnere". Aftenposten. p. 3.
  140. ^ Riisnæs, Ida Grieg (14 September 1999). "SV fram: Oslo reddet Kristins natt". Dagbladet. p. 10.
  141. ^ Kluge, Lars (9 September 1999). "SV og Høyre vinner Ap.s velgere". Aftenposten. p. 3.
  142. ^ Nielsen, Andreas (15 September 2003). "SV går mot rekordvalg". Dagsavisen. p. 11.
  143. ^ Helljesen, Vilde; Elster, Kristian (11 September 2007). "SVs oppslutning halvert" (in Norwegian). Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 21 December 2009.
  144. ^ Aartun, Jorun Sofie F.; et al. (14 September 2015). "- Jeg vil tro at min tid som ordfører er over". Dagens Næringsliv (in Norwegian). Retrieved 19 October 2021.
  145. ^ Doksheim, Therese (15 September 2015). "Stor oversikt: Slik gikk kommunevalget". Dagbladet (in Norwegian). Retrieved 19 October 2021.
  146. ^ Bjørnbakk, Jan-Morten (30 September 2015). "Tromsø vraker byråd – og 'tjener' inn' 40 lærerlønner". Dagbladet (in Norwegian). Retrieved 19 October 2021.
  147. ^ Garvik, Olav; Pettersen, Stig Arild (18 September 2019). "kommunestyre- og fylkestingsvalget 2019". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Retrieved 19 October 2021.
  148. ^ "Socialist Left Party" (in Norwegian). Storting.
  149. ^ "Socialist Left Party" (in Norwegian). Storting.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sosialistisk Venstreparti.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Socialist_Left_Party_(Norway)&oldid=1253990427"