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2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election

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2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election

← 2011 16 May 2016 (2016-05-16) (232 Seats)
19 November 2016 (2 Seats)
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All 234 elected seats in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly
118 seats needed for a majority
Turnout74.81% (Decrease 3.48%)
  First party Second party
 
J Jayalalithaa.jpg
M._Karunanidhi_.jpg
Leader J. Jayalalithaa M. Karunanidhi
Party AIADMK DMK
Alliance Unallied UPA+DPA
Leader since 1989 1969
Leader's seat Dr. Radhakrishnan Nagar Thiruvarur
Last election 203 seats
(alliance)
31 seats (alliance)
Seats won 136 98
Seat change Decrease67 Increase67
Popular vote 17,617,060 17,175,374
Percentage 40.88% 39.85%
Swing Decrease10.14% Increase0.35%



Chief Minister before election

J. Jayalalithaa
AIADMK

Elected Chief Minister

J. Jayalalithaa
AIADMK

The Fifteenth Legislative Assembly Election was held on 16 May 2016 for the 232 seats (except Thanjavur and Aravakurichi for which held on 26 October 2016) of the Legislative Assembly in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. The AIADMK under J. Jayalalithaa won the elections and became the first ruling party to be re-elected in Tamil Nadu since 1984, though with a simple majority.[1] The DMK won half of the seats it contested but its allies performed poorly; notably, the Indian National Congress won 16% of the seats they contested, and the alliance lost due to its poor performance.[2][3][4][5] The votes were counted on 19 May 2016.[6] In the previous election in 2011, AIADMK, under the leadership of Jayalalithaa, won a thumping majority and formed the government, while DMDK chief Vijayakanth served as the Leader of Opposition until January 2016. This was the last election that J. Jayalalithaa and M. Karunanidhi contested, as they both died later that year and 2018 respectively.

Background

[edit]

By the requirement, state assembly election must be held at an interval of five years or whenever it is dissolved by the president. The previous election, to the 14th legislative assembly, was conducted 13 April 2011 and its term would have naturally expired on 22 May 2016. The election to the 15th legislative assembly was organised and conducted by the Election Commission of India (ECI) and was held in a single phase on 16 May 2016. There were over 5.79 crore voters in the electoral rolls and 65,616 polling stations in Tamil Nadu.[7]

A special purification drive of electoral rolls between 15 and 29 February 2016 in all poll-bound States including Tamil Nadu was held, in which door-to-door verification was undertaken involving booth-level agents. On 12 February 2016, Election Commission of India announced that 17 assembly constituencies in Tamil Nadu will have Voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT) machines attached along with EVMs.[8] Voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT) machines will be in place in 4,000 booths.[9]

Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu having VVPAT facility with EVMs[10][11]
Anna Nagar Vellore Krishnagiri
Salem North Erode West Tirupur (North)
Coimbatore North Dindigul Tiruchirappalli West
Cuddalore Thanjavur Kancheepuram
Villupuram Madurai East Thoothukudi
Tirunelveli Kanyakumari

Demographics

[edit]

At the 2011 India census, Tamil Nadu had a population of 7,21,47,030. A total of 1,44,38,445 people constituting 20.01% of the total population belonged to Scheduled Castes (SC) and 7,94,697 people constituting 1.10% of the population belonged to Scheduled tribes (ST).[12][13][14] Other Backward Classes (OBCs) form 68% of the population.[15] As per the religious census of 2011, Tamil Nadu had 87.6% Hindus, 5.9% Muslims, 6.1% Christians, 0.1% Jains and 0.3% following other religions or no religion.[16]

Schedule

[edit]
The Chief Election Commissioner of India, Nasim Zaidi holding a press conference in New Delhi on March 4, 2016, to announce the schedule for Legislative Assembly election of Tamil Nadu along with those of Assam, Kerala, West Bengal, and Puducherry.

The elections were held on 16 May 2016,[17] with vote counting taking place on 19 May.[18] The elections in Kerala and Puducherry also took place on 16 May[19] but polling in two of the Tamil Nadu constituencies was postponed due to reports of voters being bribed.[20]

Event Date
Date for Nominations 22 April 2016
Last Date for filing Nominations 29 April 2016
Date for scrutiny of nominations 30 April 2016
Last date for withdrawal of candidatures 2 May 2016
Date of poll 16 May 2016
Date of counting 19 May 2016
Date before which the election shall be completed 21 May 2016

Campaign to vote

[edit]

To ensure that the electorate exercise their right to vote, the Election Commission of India (ECI) launched their own campaign in Tamil Nadu. The Chief Electoral Officer for the Tamil Nadu assembly elections, Rajesh Lakhoni, utilised social media platforms by creating memes and tweets themed around films, which have a huge reach in Tamil Nadu. Additionally, the Election Commission also recruited media personalities Suriya, Ashwin and Karthik, whose campaigning videos were filmed and shared on social media.[21] The Election Commission also partnered with Twitter, for the first time in India, to boost its #TN100Percent hashtag campaign. Twitter users who have made use of the hashtag will be reminded to vote on the day of voting.[22] Twitter and Facebook collaborated with ECI in its awareness campaign on striving for 100 per cent voting in the polls.[23][24]

Parties and Alliances

[edit]
Party/Alliance Symbol Leader Contesting seats
AIADMK-led Alliance All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam J. Jayalalithaa 227
Manithaneya Jananayaga Katchi Thamimum Ansari 2[25]
Republican Party of India C. K. Thamizharasan 1
All India Samathuva Makkal Katchi R. Sarathkumar 1
Tamil Nadu Kongu Ilaingar Peravai U. Thaniyarasu 1
Mukkulathor Pulipadai Karunas 1
Tamil Maanila Muslim League Sheik Dawood 1
SPA Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam[26] M. Karunanidhi 176
Indian National Congress E. V. K. S. Elangovan 41
Indian Union Muslim League K. M. Khader Mohideen 5
Manithaneya Makkal Katchi M. H. Jawahirullah 4
Puthiya Tamilagam Television Dr. K. Krishnasamy 4
Perunthalaivar Makkal Katchi N. R. Dhanapalan 1
Tamil Nadu Peasants and Workers Party Pon. Kumar 1
Samuga Samathuva Padai V. Sivakami 1
People's Welfare Front Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam[27] Vijayakanth 109
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam Vaiko 29
Communist Party of India Mutharasan 25
Communist Party of India (Marxist) G. Ramakrishnan 20
Tamil Maanila Congress G. K. Vasan 26
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi Thol. Thirumavalavan 25
National Democratic Alliance Bharatiya Janata Party Tamilisai Soundararajan 165
Akila Indhiya Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam 24
Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi T. R. Paarivendhar 45

Parties not in any coalition

[edit]
Sl. No: Name of the Party Party Symbol Party Leader
1 Pattali Makkal Katchi Anbumani Ramadoss
2 Naam Tamilar Katchi Seeman
3 Tamil Nadu Youth Party (TNYP)
4 Welfare Party of India S. N. Sikkandar
5 Social Democratic Party of India Thehlan Baqavi
6 Anaithu Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam Pachathanni Manickam I.P.S
7 Tamizhaga Vazhvurimai Katchi Panruti T. Velmurugan.
8 All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen Asaduddin Owaisi
9 Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi E.R. Eswaran

Candidates

[edit]

On 4 April, AIADMK released its candidate list for Tamil Nadu.[28] On 14 April, DMK released its candidate list for Tamil Nadu.[29]

Gopi Shankar Madurai, a 25 years old gender activist made a bid to contest as one of the youngest candidates in the Tamil Nadu Assembly election and also the first openly Intersex & Genderqueer person to do so. Gopi contested on the ticket of newly launched outfit Anaithu Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam (AMMK) for Madurai North. He secured 14th place out of 21 candidates.[30][31][32][33]

Manifestos

[edit]

DMK released its election manifesto on 10 April 2016.[34][35] Bharatiya Janata Party released its election manifesto on 21 April 2016.[36] On 23 March 2016, Naam Tamilar Katchi published its 316-page election manifesto 2016, a complete plan to develop Tamil Nadu.[37][38] Tamil Nadu Congress Committee released its election manifesto on 27 April 2016.[39] Pattali Makkal Katchi released its draft election manifesto on 15 September 2015 and final election manifesto on 15 April 2016.[40] AIADMK released its election manifesto on 5 May 2016.[41] [42]

Voter Turnout

[edit]

Voter turnout for the 232 constituencies on 16 May was 74.81%.[43] Parts of Tamil Nadu received heavy rain on the polling day, but it did not deter voters from turning out to cast their votes. While the highest voter turn out was in Dharmapuri constituency recording 85% while the lowest voter turnout was in the capital of Tamil Nadu, Chennai recording 55%. Male voter turnout was 74.15% and female voter turnout was 74.33%.[44][45]

Exit polls

[edit]
Agency AIADMK DMK+ BJP PWF-DMDK/Others Ref.
India Today-Axis 89–101 124–140 0–3 NA/4-8 [46]
News Nation 95–99 120-118 0–1 12-16/5-9 [47]
C Voter 139 78 0 15/2 [48]
NewsX 90 140 0 NA/4 [49]
ABP Nielsen 95 132 1 NA/6 [49]
NDTV Poll of Polls 103 120 0 NA/11 [49]
Spick News 142 87 0 2 [50]
Thanthi TV 111 99 1 3/2 [51]

Results

[edit]

The ruling AIADMK, beating most of the exit polls,[52][53] was able to retain power with a comfortable majority and became the first party to win consecutive elections since 1984, a feat achieved by M. G. Ramachandran. Jayalalithaa bucked Anti-incumbency trend and cyclic change of governments in the state that hadn't voted back a government in last three decades.[54][55][56]

Vote share

[edit]

Vote share by party/alliance

  AIADMK (40.88%)
  DPA (39.85%)
  PWF (6.1%)
  PMK (5.36%)
  NDA (2.86%)
  Others (7.81%)
Summary of the 2016 Tamil Nadu legislative election[57]
Party/Alliance Votes % Seats
Contested Won +/-
  All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) 17,806,490 40.88% 234 136 Decrease14
DPA   Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) 13,670,511 31.39% 178 89 Increase66
  Indian National Congress 2,774,075 6.47% 41 8 Increase3
  Indian Union Muslim League 313,808 0.73% 5 1 Increase1
  Puthiya Tamilagam 219,830 0.51% 4 0 Decrease2
  Manithaneya Makkal Katchi 197,150 0.46% 4 0 Decrease2
Total 17,175,374 39.85 234 98 Increase66
People's Welfare Front
(PWF)
  Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam 1,037,431 2.41% 105 0 Decrease29
  Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 373,713 0.87% 28 0 Steady
  Communist Party of India 340,290 0.79% 25 0 Decrease9
  Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi 331,849 0.77% 25 0 Steady
  Communist Party of India (Marxist) 307,303 0.72% 25 0 Decrease10
  Tamil Maanila Congress 230,711 0.54% 26 0 Steady
Total 2,621,297 6.1 234 0 Decrease48
  Pattali Makkal Katchi 2,302,564 5.36% 234 0 Decrease3
  Bharatiya Janata Party 1,235,660 2.86% 234 0 Steady
  Naam Tamilar Katchi 460,089 1.07% 234 0 Steady
  All India Forward Bloc 44,546 0.10% 33 0 Decrease1
  Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi 167,560 0.39% 72 0 Steady
  Bahujan Samaj Party 97,823 0.23% n/a 0 Steady
  Social Democratic Party of India 65,978 0.15% n/a 0 Steady
  Independents 617,907 1.44% 234 0 Steady
  None of the above 5,65,077 1.31% 234
Total 4,35,56,184 100.00 - 234 -
Valid votes 4,35,56,184 99.93
Invalid votes 29,507 0.07
Votes cast / turnout 4,35,85,691 74.81
Abstentions 1,46,74,574 25.19
Registered voters 5,82,60,506

Election to two assembly constituencies were cancelled by the Election Commission on confirmed reports of bribing voters in Aravakurichi and Thanjavur. Elections were held later there on 26 October 2016 [58][59]

Results by constituency

[edit]
Winner, runner-up, voter turnout, and victory margin in every constituency[60]
Assembly Constituency Winner Runner Up Margin
# Name Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %
1 Gummidipoondi K. S. Vijayakumar AIADMK 89,332 41.68 C. H. Sekar DMK 65,937 30.76 23,395
2 Ponneri P. Balaraman AIADMK 95,979 48.56 Dr. Parimalam. K DMK 76,643 38.78 19,336
3 Tiruttani P. M. Narasimhan AIADMK 93,045 41.84 Chidambaram. A. G INC 69,904 31.43 23,141
4 Thiruvallur V. G. Raajendran DMK 80,473 39.02 Baskaran. A AIADMK 75,335 36.53 5,138
5 Poonamallee T. A. Elumalai AIADMK 103,952 43.32 Paranthamen. I DMK 92,189 38.41 11,763
6 Avadi K. Pandiarajan AIADMK 108,064 39.92 S. M. Nasar DMK 106,669 39.40 1,395
7 Maduravoyal P. Benjamin AIADMK 99,739 40.12 Rajesh R INC 91,337 36.74 8,402
8 Ambattur V. Alexander AIADMK 94,375 41.10 Aassan Maulaana INC 76,877 33.48 17,498
9 Madavaram S. Sudharsanam DMK 122,082 45.43 Dhakshnamoorthy D AIADMK 106,829 39.76 15,253
10 Thiruvottiyur K. P. P. Samy DMK 82,205 43.25 Balraj. B AIADMK 77,342 40.69 4,863
11 Dr. Radhakrishnan Nagar J. Jayalalithaa AIADMK 97,218 55.87 Shimla Muthuchozhan DMK 57,673 33.14 39,545
12 Perambur P. Vetrivel AIADMK 79,974 42.39 N. R. Dhanapalan DMK 79,455 42.11 519
13 Kolathur M. K. Stalin DMK 91,303 54.25 Prabhakar. J. C. D AIADMK 53,573 31.83 37,730
14 Villivakkam B. Ranganathan DMK 65,972 43.96 Thadi M.Raju AIADMK 56,651 37.75 9,321
15 Thiru-Vi-Ka-Nagar P. Sivakumar @ Thayagamkavi DMK 61,744 45.25 Neelakandan. V AIADMK 58,422 42.82 3,322
16 Egmore K. S. Ravichandran DMK 55,060 45.64 Parithi Ellamvazhuthi E AIADMK 44,381 36.79 10,679
17 Royapuram D. Jayakumar AIADMK 55,205 45.21 Manohar R INC 47,174 38.63 8,031
18 Harbour P. K. Sekar Babu DMK 42,071 40.36 Sreenivasan K S AIADMK 37,235 35.72 4,836
19 Chepauk-Thiruvallikeni J. Anbazhagan DMK 67,982 47.32 A. Noorjahan AIADMK 53,818 37.46 14,164
20 Thousand Lights K. K. Selvam DMK 61,726 43.35 Valarmathi B AIADMK 52,897 37.15 8,829
21 Anna Nagar M. K. Mohan DMK 70,812 41.59 S. Gokula Indira AIADMK 69,726 40.95 1,086
22 Virugampakkam V.N.Virugai Ravi AIADMK 65,979 38.51 K Thanasekaran DMK 63,646 37.15 2,333
23 Saidapet M. Subramaniam DMK 79,279 47.18 Ponnayan.C AIADMK 63,024 37.51 16,255
24 Thiyagarayanagar B. Sathyanarayanan AIADMK 53,207 37.47 Dr. N. S. Kanimozhi DMK 50,052 35.25 3,155
25 Mylapore R Nataraj IPS (Rtd) AIADMK 68,176 43.67 Karate Thiagarajan.R INC 53,448 34.23 14,728
26 Velachery Vagai Chanderasekar DMK 70,139 39.96 C Munusamy AIADMK 61,267 34.91 8,872
27 Shozhinganallur S. Aravind Ramesh DMK 147,014 42.53 Sundaram N AIADMK 132,101 38.21 14,913
28 Alandur Anbarasan. T.M. DMK 96,877 44.64 Panruti S. Ramachandran AIADMK 77,708 35.81 19,169
29 Sriperumbudur Palani. K AIADMK 101,001 42.77 K. Selvaperunthagai INC 90,285 38.23 10,716
30 Pallavaram Karunanithi. I DMK 112,891 44.94 C. R. Saraswathi AIADMK 90,726 36.12 22,165
31 Tambaram S. R. Raja DMK 101,835 43.27 Rajendran C AIADMK 87,390 37.13 14,445
32 Chengalpattu M. Varalakshmi DMK 112,675 45.11 Kamalakkannan.R AIADMK 86,383 34.58 26,292
33 Thiruporur Kothandapani. M AIADMK 70,215 34.91 Viswanathan. V DMK 69,265 34.44 950
34 Cheyyur Arasu R T DMK 63,446 37.51 Munusamy A AIADMK 63,142 37.33 304
35 Madurantakam S.Pugazhenthi DMK 73,693 41.43 C.K.Thamizharasan AIADMK 70,736 39.77 2,957
36 Uthiramerur K. Sundar DMK 85,513 43.02 Ganesan.P AIADMK 73,357 36.90 12,156
37 Kancheepuram C. V. M. P. Ezhilarasan DMK 90,533 40.40 T.Mythili AIADMK 82,985 37.03 7,548
38 Arakkonam S. Ravi AIADMK 68,176 41.21 Rajkumar N DMK 64,015 38.69 4,161
39 Sholingur N. G. Parthiban AIADMK 77,651 36.79 A. M. Munirathinam INC 67,919 32.18 9,732
40 Katpadi Durai Murugan DMK 90,534 50.90 Appu S.R.K AIADMK 66,588 37.44 23,946
41 Ranipet Gandhi. R DMK 81,724 42.85 Elumalai. C AIADMK 73,828 38.71 7,896
42 Arcot Eswarappan J L DMK 84,182 41.39 Ramadoss.K.V AIADMK 73,091 35.94 11,091
43 Vellore Karthikeyan DMK 88,264 51.53 Harun Rasheed AIADMK 62,054 36.23 26,210
44 Anaikattu Nandakumar. A.P DMK 77,058 42.43 Kalaiarasu. M AIADMK 68,290 37.60 8,768
45 Kilvaithinankuppam Loganathan.G AIADMK 75,612 45.76 Amalu V DMK 65,866 39.86 9,746
46 Gudiyattam Jayanthi Padmanabhan .C AIADMK 94,689 48.56 Rajamarthandan. K. DMK 83,219 42.68 11,470
47 Vaniyambadi Nilofer AIADMK 69,588 40.31 Syed Farooq IUML 55,062 31.89 14,526
48 Ambur Balasubramani.R.(E) AIADMK 79,182 49.16 Nazeer Ahmed.V.R. MMK 51,176 31.77 28,006
49 Jolarpet Veeramani. K. C AIADMK 82,525 45.57 Kavitha.C DMK 71,534 39.50 10,991
50 Tirupattur (Vellore) Nallathambi. A DMK 80,791 45.43 Kumar.T.T AIADMK 73,144 41.13 7,647
51 Uthangarai N.Manoranjitham AIADMK 69,980 38.75 S.Malathy DMK 67,367 37.30 2,613
52 Bargur V.Rajendran AIADMK 80,650 42.89 Govinddarasan.E.C DMK 79,668 42.36 982
53 Krishnagiri T.Senguttuvan DMK 87,637 43.80 V.Govindaraj AIADMK 82,746 41.35 4,891
54 Veppanahalli Murugan P DMK 88,952 46.01 Madhu A.V.M @ Hemnath M AIADMK 83,724 43.31 5,228
55 Hosur Balakrishna Reddy P AIADMK 89,510 41.59 Gopinath K INC 66,546 30.92 22,964
56 Thalli Prakaash.Y. DMK 74,429 39.31 Ramachandran.T. CPI 68,184 36.01 6,245
57 Palacode K. P. Anbalagan AIADMK 76,143 40.34 Murugan. P.K. DMK 70,160 37.17 5,983
58 Pennagaram Inbasekaran. P.N.P. DMK 76,848 38.49 Anbumani Ramadoss PMK 58,402 29.25 18,446
59 Dharmapuri Subramani. P. DMK 71,056 34.25 Elangovan. P.D. AIADMK 61,380 29.58 9,676
60 Pappireddippatti Palaniyappan. P AIADMK 74,234 35.56 Sathiyamoorthy. A PMK 61,521 29.47 12,713
61 Harur R.Murugan AIADMK 64,568 33.96 S.Rajendran DMK 53,147 27.95 11,421
62 Chengam Giri .M.P DMK 95,939 45.60 Dinagaran. M AIADMK 83,248 39.57 12,691
63 Tiruvannamalai E. V. Velu DMK 116,484 57.15 Rajan.K AIADMK 66,136 32.45 50,348
64 Kilpennathur Pitchandi K DMK 99,070 50.22 Selvamani K AIADMK 64,404 32.64 34,666
65 Kalasapakkam Panneerselvam V AIADMK 84,394 45.41 Kumar G INC 57,980 31.20 26,414
66 Polur Sekaran.K.V DMK 66,588 34.02 Murugan.M AIADMK 58,315 29.80 8,273
67 Arani Ramachandran. S AIADMK 94,074 44.89 Babu. S DMK 86,747 41.40 7,327
68 Cheyyar Mohan K AIADMK 77,766 37.78 Dr. Vishnuprasad M K INC 69,239 33.64 8,527
69 Vandavasi Ambethkumar. S DMK 80,206 44.20 Meganathan. V AIADMK 62,138 34.24 18,068
70 Gingee K. S. Masthan DMK 88,440 43.99 Govindasamy A AIADMK 66,383 33.02 22,057
71 Mailam Masilamani R DMK 70,880 41.40 Annadurai K AIADMK 58,574 34.21 12,306
72 Tindivanam Seethapathy P DMK 61,879 35.33 Rajendran S P AIADMK 61,778 35.27 101
73 Vanur Chakrapani M AIADMK 64,167 36.79 Mydili R DMK 53,944 30.93 10,223
74 Villupuram C V Shanmugam AIADMK 69,421 36.74 Ameer Abbas S M IUML 47,130 24.94 22,291
75 Vikravandi Rathamani.K DMK 63,757 35.69 Velu R AIADMK 56,845 31.82 6,912
76 Tirukkoyilur Ponmudy K DMK 93,837 49.80 Gothandaraman G AIADMK 52,780 28.01 41,057
77 Ulundurpettai Kumaraguru. R. AIADMK 81,973 36.04 Vasanthavel. G.R. DMK 77,809 34.21 4,164
78 Rishivandiyam Karthikeyan.K DMK 92,607 47.08 Dhandapani.K AIADMK 72,104 36.66 20,503
79 Sankarapuram Udhayasuriyan.T DMK 90,920 44.72 Mohan P AIADMK 76,392 37.58 14,528
80 Kallakurichi Prabhu A AIADMK 90,108 42.16 Kamaraj P DMK 86,004 40.24 4,104
81 Gangavalli Maruthamuthu.A AIADMK 74,301 42.22 Rekha Priyadharshini.J DMK 72,039 40.94 2,262
82 Attur Chinnathambi R M AIADMK 82,827 44.34 Arthanari S K INC 65,493 35.06 17,334
83 Yercaud Chitra.G AIADMK 100,562 45.18 Tamilselvan.C DMK 83,168 37.37 17,394
84 Omalur Vetrivel.S AIADMK 89,169 39.23 Ammasi.S DMK 69,213 30.45 19,956
85 Mettur Semmalai.S AIADMK 72,751 35.05 Parthiban.S.R DMK 66,469 32.02 6,282
86 Edappadi Edappadi K. Palaniswami AIADMK 98,703 43.74 Annadurai. N PMK 56,681 25.12 42,022
87 Sankari Raja.S AIADMK 96,202 44.57 Rajeswaran.T.K INC 58,828 27.25 37,374
88 Salem (West) Venkatachalam.G AIADMK 80,755 39.88 Panneer Selvam.C. DMK 73,508 36.30 7,247
89 Salem (North) Rajendran.R DMK 86,583 45.14 Saravanan.K.R.S AIADMK 76,710 39.99 9,873
90 Salem (South) Sakthivel A B AIADMK 101,696 51.39 Gunasekaran M DMK 71,243 36.00 30,453
91 Veerapandi Manonmani.P AIADMK 94,792 45.86 Rajendran. A DMK 80,311 38.85 14,481
92 Rasipuram Saroja V. Dr AIADMK 86,901 46.50 Duraisamy V.P DMK 77,270 41.35 9,631
93 Senthamangalam Chandrasekaran C AIADMK 91,339 48.09 Ponnusamy K DMK 79,006 41.60 12,333
94 Namakkal K. P. P. Baskar AIADMK 89,076 45.81 Chezhian. R INC 75,542 38.85 13,534
95 Paramathi Velur Moorthiy K S DMK 74,418 42.45 Rajendhiran R AIADMK 73,600 41.98 818
96 Tiruchengodu Saraswathi Pon AIADMK 73,103 41.40 Elangoavan Bar DMK 69,713 39.48 3,390
97 Kumarapalayam Thangamani P AIADMK 103,032 55.20 Yuvaraj P DMK 55,703 29.84 47,329
98 Erode (East) Thennarasu K S AIADMK 64,879 43.83 Chandhirakumar V C DMK 57,085 38.57 7,794
99 Erode (West) Ramalingam K.V. AIADMK 82,297 43.46 Muthusamy S DMK 77,391 40.87 4,906
100 Modakkurichi Sivasubramani . V.P. AIADMK 77,067 43.62 Sachidanandam. P. DMK 74,845 42.36 2,222
101 Dharapuram Kalimuthu. V.S INC 83,538 45.67 Ponnusamy. K AIADMK 73,521 40.19 10,017
102 Kangayam Thaniyarasu U AIADMK 83,325 45.18 Gopi P INC 70,190 38.06 13,135
103 Perundurai Venkatachalam.N.D AIADMK 80,292 44.05 Samy.K.P (A) Mohanasundaram.P DMK 67,521 37.05 12,771
104 Bhavani Karuppanan K C AIADMK 85,748 45.38 Sivakumar N DMK 60,861 32.21 24,887
105 Anthiyur E.M.R.Raja Alias Rajakrishnan.K.R AIADMK 71,575 42.21 Venkatachalam A G DMK 66,263 39.07 5,312
106 Gobichettipalayam Sengottaiyan K.A AIADMK 96,177 47.00 Saravanan S.V INC 84,954 41.52 11,223
107 Bhavanisagar Eswaran.S AIADMK 83,006 42.23 Sathya.R DMK 69,902 35.56 13,104
108 Udhagamandalam Ganesh. R. INC 67,747 48.34 Vinoth AIADMK 57,329 40.90 10,418
109 Gudalur Thiravidamani.M. DMK 62,128 47.39 Kalaiselvan. S. AIADMK 48,749 37.19 13,379
110 Coonoor Ramu. A. AIADMK 61,650 45.71 Mubarak. B. M. DMK 57,940 42.96 3,710
111 Mettupalayam Chinnaraj.O.K AIADMK 93,595 44.41 Surendran. S. DMK 77,481 36.76 16,114
112 Avanashi Dhanapal P AIADMK 93,366 48.11 Anandhan E DMK 62,692 32.31 30,674
113 Tiruppur (North) Vijayakumar Kn AIADMK 106,717 48.56 Saminathan M P DMK 68,943 31.37 37,774
114 Tiruppur (South) Gunasekaran S AIADMK 73,351 44.68 Selvaraj K DMK 57,418 34.98 15,933
115 Palladam Natarajan. A AIADMK 111,866 47.01 Krishnamoorthy. S DMK 79,692 33.49 32,174
116 Sulur Kanagaraj. R. AIADMK 100,977 47.38 Manoharan. V.M.C. INC 64,346 30.19 36,631
117 Kavundampalayam V. C. Arukutty AIADMK 110,870 40.70 Payya Gounder @ Krishnan. R. DMK 102,845 37.76 8,025
118 Coimbatore (North) Arun Kumar. P.R.G. AIADMK 77,540 41.05 S.Meenalogu DMK 69,816 36.96 7,724
119 Thondamuthur Velumani.S.P. AIADMK 109,519 55.01 Kovai Syed @ Syed Mohammed.M.A. MMK 45,478 22.84 64,041
120 Coimbatore (South) Amman K. Arjunan AIADMK 59,788 38.94 Mayura Jayakumar.S. INC 42,369 27.60 17,419
121 Singanallur Karthik. N. DMK 75,459 40.02 Singai Muthu. N. AIADMK 70,279 37.28 5,180
122 Kinathukadavu Shanmugam. A. AIADMK 89,042 42.81 Kurichi Prabhakaran DMK 87,710 42.17 1,332
123 Pollachi Pollachi V Jayaraman AIADMK 78,553 46.59 Tamilmani. R. DMK 65,185 38.66 13,368
124 Valparai Kasthuri Vasu. V. AIADMK 69,980 48.68 Paulpandi. T. DMK 61,736 42.95 8,244
125 Udumalaipettai Radhakrishnan. K AIADMK 81,817 44.73 Muthu. Mu. Ka DMK 76,130 41.62 5,687
126 Madathukulam Jayaramakrishnan R DMK 76,619 44.66 Manoharan K AIADMK 74,952 43.69 1,667
127 Palani Senthilkumar I P DMK 100,045 50.66 Kumarasamy P AIADMK 74,459 37.71 25,586
128 Oddanchatram Sakkarapani R DMK 121,715 64.26 Kittusamy K AIADMK 55,988 29.56 65,727
129 Athoor Periyasamy I DMK 121,738 53.10 Viswanathan R Natham AIADMK 94,591 41.26 27,147
130 Nilakottai Thangathurai R AIADMK 85,507 48.99 Anbazhagan M DMK 70,731 40.52 14,776
131 Natham Andi Ambalam M.A DMK 93,822 45.32 Shajahan S AIADMK 91,712 44.30 2,110
132 Dindigul Sreenivasan C AIADMK 91,413 49.30 Basheer Ahamed M DMK 70,694 38.13 20,719
133 Vedasandur V. P. B. Paramasivam AIADMK 97,555 49.13 Sivasakthivel Gounder R INC 77,617 39.09 19,938
134 Aravakurichi V. Senthil Balaji AIADMK 88,068 53.51 K. C. Palanisamy DMK 64,407 39.13 23,661
135 Karur Vijayabhaskar .M.R AIADMK 81,936 43.86 Subramanian .Bank .K INC 81,495 43.62 441
136 Krishnarayapuram Geetha . M. AIADMK 83,977 49.82 Aiyyar . V. K. PTK 48,676 28.88 35,301
137 Kulithalai Ramar .E DMK 89,923 48.85 Chandrasekaran .R AIADMK 78,027 42.39 11,896
138 Manapaarai Chandrasekar R AIADMK 91,399 44.38 Mohamed Nizam M A IUML 73,122 35.50 18,277
139 Srirangam Valarmathi.S AIADMK 108,400 48.09 Palaniyandi.M DMK 93,991 41.70 14,409
140 Tiruchirappalli (West) Nehru.K.N DMK 92,049 51.30 Manoharan.R AIADMK 63,634 35.47 28,415
141 Tiruchirappalli (East) Natarajan .N. AIADMK 79,938 47.87 Jerome Arockiaraj .G. INC 58,044 34.76 21,894
142 Thiruverumbur Anbil Mahesh Poyyamozhi DMK 85,950 46.98 Kalaichelvan.D AIADMK 69,255 37.85 16,695
143 Lalgudi Soundarapandian A DMK 77,946 46.80 Vijayamurthy M AIADMK 74,109 44.50 3,837
144 Manachanallur Parameswari. M AIADMK 83,083 46.17 Ganesan. S DMK 75,561 41.99 7,522
145 Musiri Selvarasu M AIADMK 89,398 52.31 Vijaya Babu S INC 57,311 33.53 32,087
146 Thuraiyur Stalinkumar .S DMK 81,444 48.10 Maivizhi .A AIADMK 73,376 43.33 8,068
147 Perambalur R.Thamizhselvan AIADMK 101,073 45.27 P.Sivakami DMK 94,220 42.20 6,853
148 Kunnam Ramachandran.R.T AIADMK 78,218 38.15 Durairaj.T DMK 59,422 28.98 18,796
149 Ariyalur Rajendran. S AIADMK 88,523 41.94 Sivasankar. S.S DMK 86,480 40.97 2,043
150 Jayankondam Ramajeyalingam.J.K.N AIADMK 75,672 37.09 Guru @ Gurunathan.J PMK 52,738 25.85 22,934
151 Tittakudi Ganesan V DMK 65,139 40.67 Ayyasamy P AIADMK 62,927 39.29 2,212
152 Vriddhachalam Kalaiselvan V T AIADMK 72,611 39.22 Govindasamy P DMK 58,834 31.78 13,777
153 Neyveli Saba. Rajendran DMK 54,299 34.10 Rajsekar R AIADMK 36,508 22.93 17,791
154 Panruti Sathya.P AIADMK 72,353 39.01 Ponkumar DMK 69,225 37.33 3,128
155 Cuddalore Sampath M C AIADMK 70,922 41.07 Pugazhendi Ela DMK 46,509 26.93 24,413
156 Kurinjipadi Panneerselvam Mrk DMK 82,864 44.03 Rajendran R AIADMK 54,756 29.09 28,108
157 Bhuvanagiri Saravanan. Durai K. DMK 60,554 31.73 Selvi Ramajayam AIADMK 55,066 28.85 5,488
158 Chidambaram Pandian K A AIADMK 58,543 34.31 Senthilkumar K R DMK 57,037 33.43 1,506
159 Kattumannarkoil Murugumaran.N AIADMK 48,450 29.33 Thirumaavalavan.Thol VCK 48,363 29.28 87
160 Sirkazhi Bharathi.P.V AIADMK 76,487 43.05 Killai Ravindran.S DMK 67,484 37.98 9,003
161 Mayiladuthurai Rathakrishnan.V AIADMK 70,949 42.02 Anbazhagan.K DMK 66,171 39.19 4,778
162 Poompuhar Pavunraj.S AIADMK 87,666 45.48 Shajahan.A.M IUML 67,731 35.14 19,935
163 Nagapattinam Thamimun Ansari.M AIADMK 64,903 48.28 Mohamed Jafarullah.A MMK 44,353 32.99 20,550
164 Kilvelur Mathivanan.U DMK 61,999 44.95 Meena.N AIADMK 51,829 37.58 10,170
165 Vedaranyam Manian.O.S AIADMK 60,836 41.44 Rajendiran.P.V INC 37,838 25.77 22,998
166 Thiruthuraipoondi Adalarasan. P DMK 72,127 41.07 Umamaheswari. K AIADMK 58,877 33.53 13,250
167 Mannargudi Rajaa.T.R.B DMK 91,137 48.71 Kamaraj. S AIADMK 81,200 43.40 9,937
168 Thiruvarur Karunanidhi .M DMK 121,473 61.73 Pannerselvam .R AIADMK 53,107 26.99 68,366
169 Nannilam Kamaraj. R AIADMK 100,918 49.43 Duraivelan. S.M.B INC 79,642 39.01 21,276
170 Thiruvidaimarudur Chezhiaan.Govi DMK 77,538 41.93 Settu.U AIADMK 77,006 41.64 532
171 Kumbakonam G. Anbalagan DMK 85,048 45.04 Rathna.S AIADMK 76,591 40.56 8,457
172 Papanasam Doraikkannu R AIADMK 82,614 45.26 Loganathan T R INC 58,249 31.91 24,365
173 Thiruvaiyaru Durai.Chandrasekaran DMK 100,043 49.27 M.G.M.Subramanian AIADMK 85,700 42.21 14,343
174 Thanjavur M.Rengasamy AIADMK 101,362 54.37 Anjugam Boopathy DMK 74,488 39.95 26,874
175 Orathanadu Ramchandran. M DMK 84,378 46.87 Vaithilingam. R AIADMK 80,733 44.85 3,645
176 Pattukkottai Sekar. V AIADMK 70,631 42.58 Mahendran. K INC 58,273 35.13 12,358
177 Peravurani Govindarasu M AIADMK 73,908 45.65 Ashok Kumar N DMK 72,913 45.04 995
178 Gandharvakottai Arumugam.B AIADMK 64,043 43.84 Anbarasan.K DMK 60,996 41.75 3,047
179 Viralimalai Vijaya Baskar C AIADMK 84,701 49.69 Palaniappan M DMK 76,254 44.74 8,447
180 Pudukkottai Periyannan Arassu DMK 66,739 39.19 Karthik Thondaiman AIADMK 64,655 37.97 2,084
181 Thirumayam Regupathy S DMK 72,373 45.58 Vairamuthu Pk AIADMK 71,607 45.10 766
182 Alangudi Meyyanathan .Siva .V DMK 72,992 46.17 Gnana Kalaiselvan AIADMK 63,051 39.88 9,941
183 Aranthangi Rathinasabhapathy E AIADMK 69,905 45.22 Ramachandran T INC 67,614 43.74 2,291
184 Karaikudi Ramasamy Kr INC 93,419 46.40 Karpagam Ilango AIADMK 75,136 37.32 18,283
185 Tiruppattur (Sivaganga) Periakaruppan Kr DMK 110,719 55.72 Asokan Kr AIADMK 68,715 34.58 42,004
186 Sivaganga Baskaran.G AIADMK 81,697 43.15 Sathianathan.M @ Meppal M.Sakthi DMK 75,061 39.64 6,636
187 Manamadurai Mariappankennady S AIADMK 89,893 48.45 Chitraselvi S DMK 75,004 40.43 14,889
188 Melur Periyapullan @ Selvam P AIADMK 88,909 51.54 Ragupthy A.P DMK 69,186 40.11 19,723
189 Madurai East P. Moorthy DMK 108,569 50.62 P Pandi AIADMK 75,797 35.34 32,772
190 Sholavandan K. Manickam AIADMK 87,044 52.33 Bhavani.C DMK 62,187 37.39 24,857
191 Madurai North V. V. Rajan Chellappa AIADMK 70,460 45.64 Karthikeyan. V. INC 51,621 33.44 18,839
192 Madurai South Saravanan .S.S. AIADMK 62,683 42.75 Balachandran .M DMK 38,920 26.55 23,763
193 Madurai Central Palanivel Thiagarajan DMK 64,662 42.55 Jeyabal M AIADMK 58,900 38.75 5,762
194 Madurai West Sellur K. Raju AIADMK 82,529 44.81 Thalapathi G DMK 66,131 35.91 16,398
195 Thiruparankundram S. M. Seenivel AIADMK 93,453 47.32 Manimaran M DMK 70,461 35.68 22,992
196 Tirumangalam Udhayakumar.R.B AIADMK 95,864 46.99 Jeyaram.R INC 72,274 35.43 23,590
197 Usilampatti Neethipathi P AIADMK 106,349 52.88 Ilamakezhan.K DMK 73,443 36.52 32,906
198 Andipatti Thanga Tamil Selvam AIADMK 103,129 51.93 Mookaiah.L DMK 72,933 36.72 30,196
199 Periyakulam K. Kathirkamu AIADMK 90,599 46.94 Anbazhagan DMK 76,249 39.51 14,350
200 Bodinayakanur O. Panneerselvam AIADMK 99,531 49.38 S. Lakshmanan DMK 83,923 41.63 15,608
201 Cumbum S.T.K.Jakkaiyan AIADMK 91,099 46.94 Cumbum N. Ramakrishnan DMK 79,878 41.16 11,221
202 Rajapalayam S. Thangappandian DMK 74,787 43.82 A. A. S. Shyam AIADMK 69,985 41.00 4,802
203 Srivilliputhur M. Chandra Prabha AIADMK 88,103 49.32 Muthukumar.C PTK 51,430 28.79 36,673
204 Sattur S. G. Subramanian AIADMK 71,513 40.65 Srinivasan.V. DMK 67,086 38.13 4,427
205 Sivakasi K. T. Rajenthrabhalaji AIADMK 76,734 43.67 Sreeraja. C. INC 61,986 35.28 14,748
206 Virudhunagar A. R. R. Seenivasan DMK 65,499 42.71 Kalanithi.K AIADMK 62,629 40.84 2,870
207 Aruppukkottai Ramachandran K.K.S.S.R DMK 81,485 49.41 Vaigaichelvan.Dr AIADMK 63,431 38.46 18,054
208 Tiruchuli Thangam Thenarasu DMK 89,927 53.61 Dinesh Babu. K. AIADMK 63,350 37.77 26,577
209 Paramakudi Dr. S. Muthiah AIADMK 79,254 46.89 Thisaiveeran.U DMK 67,865 40.15 11,389
210 Tiruvadanai Karunaas AIADMK 76,786 41.14 Thivakaran. S.P DMK 68,090 36.48 8,696
211 Ramanathapuram Dr. M. Manikandan AIADMK 89,365 46.30 M. H. Jawahirullah MMK 56,143 29.09 33,222
212 Mudhukulathur S. Pandi INC 94,946 46.71 M.Keerthika AIADMK 81,598 40.14 13,348
213 Vilathikulam Uma Maheswari AIADMK 71,496 46.79 Beemaraj S DMK 52,778 34.54 18,718
214 Thoothukkudi Geetha Jeevan. P DMK 88,045 46.46 Chellapandian.S.T. AIADMK 67,137 35.43 20,908
215 Tiruchendur Anitha R Radhakrishnan DMK 88,357 52.97 R. Sarathkumar AIADMK 62,356 37.38 26,001
216 Srivaikuntam S. P. Shanmuganathan AIADMK 65,198 41.96 Rani Venkatesan V INC 61,667 39.69 3,531
217 Ottapidaram R. Sundararaj AIADMK 65,071 40.57 Dr.Krishnasamy.K PTK 64,578 40.26 493
218 Kovilpatti Kadambur Raju AIADMK 64,514 38.96 A.Subramanian DMK 64,086 38.70 428
219 Sankarankovil V. M. Rajalakshmi AIADMK 78,751 44.36 Anbumani G DMK 64,262 36.20 14,489
220 Vasudevanallur Manoharan A AIADMK 73,904 45.06 Anbalagan S PTK 55,146 33.62 18,758
221 Kadayanallur K. A. M. Muhammed Abubacker IUML 70,763 37.49 Sheik Dawood. S AIADMK 69,569 36.86 1,194
222 Tenkasi S. Selvamohandas Pandian AIADMK 86,339 42.58 Palani Nadar S INC 85,877 42.35 462
223 Alangulam Dr. Poongothai Aladi Aruna DMK 88,891 45.98 Hepzi Karthikeyan AIADMK 84,137 43.52 4,754
224 Tirunelveli A. L. S. Lakshmanan DMK 81,761 43.13 Nainar Nagenthran AIADMK 81,160 42.81 601
225 Ambasamudram R. Murugaiah Pandian AIADMK 78,555 45.80 Avudaiappan. R DMK 65,389 38.12 13,166
226 Palayamkottai T. P. M. Mohideen Khan DMK 67,463 43.62 Hyder Ali S.K.A AIADMK 51,591 33.36 15,872
227 Nanguneri H. Vasanthakumar INC 74,932 43.45 Vijayakumar. M AIADMK 57,617 33.41 17,315
228 Radhapuram I. S. Inbadurai AIADMK 69,590 40.62 M. Appavu DMK 69,541 40.59 49
229 Kanniyakumari S. Austin DMK 89,023 42.41 Thalavai Sundaram. N AIADMK 83,111 39.59 5,912
230 Nagercoil N. Suresh Rajan DMK 67,369 38.87 Gandhi M.R BJP 46,413 26.78 20,956
231 Colachel J. G. Prince INC 67,195 40.19 Ramesh P BJP 41,167 24.62 26,028
232 Padmanabhapuram Mano Thangaraj DMK 76,249 47.20 Rajendra Prasad K P AIADMK 35,344 21.88 40,905
233 Vilavancode S. Vijayadharani INC 68,789 42.43 Dharmaraj C BJP 35,646 21.98 33,143
234 Killiyoor S. Rajesh Kumar INC 77,356 50.47 Pon. Vijayaragavan BJP 31,061 20.27 46,295

Detailed Analysis & Performance of political parties

[edit]
Party Contested Won FD Votes Seats Shate in Valid Vote % Polled in State in Seats % Contest
State Parties
AIADMK 232 135 2 17,616,266 40.77% 41.06
DMDK 104 0 103 1,034,384 2.39% 5.42
DMK 180 88 0 13,669,116 31.64% 41.35
PMK 232 0 212 2,300,558 5.32% 5.41
State Parties - Other States
AIFB 33 0 33 44,546 0.10% 0.74
AIMIM 2 0 2 10,289 0.02% 2.78
IUML 5 1 0 313,808 0.73% 33.28
JD(S) 2 0 2 711 0.00% 0.20
JD(U) 6 0 6 2,082 0.00% 0.18
JKNPP 2 0 2 297 0.00% 0.08
LJP 23 0 23 4,146 0.01% 0.10
RJD 1 0 1 9 0 0.00% 0.05
SHS/SS 36 0 36 13,640 0.03% 0.21
SP 26 0 26 4,464 0.01% 0.09
National Parties
BJP 188 0 180 1,228,704 2.84% 3.57
BSP 158 0 156 97,823 0.23% 0.34
CPI 25 0 23 340,290 0.79% 7.25
CPI(M) 25 0 25 307,303 0.71% 6.80
INC 41 8 0 2,774,075 6.42% 36.74
NCP 20 0 20 11,842 0.03% 0.30
Registered (Unrecognised) Parties
ABHM 1 0 1 211 0.00% 0.13
AIFB(S) 2 0 2 5,950 0.01% 1.52
AIJMK 3 0 3 953 0.00% 0.15
AIPMK 2 0 2 1,321 0.00% 0.38
AIWUP 1 0 1 72 0.00% 0.04
AMMK 4 0 4 698 0.00% 0.09
APNP 3 0 3 428 0.00% 0.08
AUK 2 0 2 147 0.00% 0.04
CDF 1 0 1 170 0.00% 0.10
CPI(ML)(L) 10 0 10 4,972 0.01% 0.23
CPIM 2 0 2 378 0.00% 0.12
DCLF 1 0 1 1,411 0.00% 0.82
DMMK 1 0 1 121 0.00% 0.08
DMSK 2 0 2 199 0.00% 0.06
EDP 3 0 3 993 0.00% 0.19
ETMK 6 0 6 5,257 0.01% 0.45
FDLP 1 0 1 1,373 0.00% 0.71
FIP 4 0 4 1,359 0.00% 0.14
GAPP 3 0 3 710 0.00% 0.14
GMI 40 0 40 11,683 0.03% 0.16
GokMK 9 0 8 3,357 0.01% 0.21
GPI 6 0 6 1840 0.00% 0.16

Controversies

[edit]

On 3 May, News 7 and Dinamalar released an opinion poll giving an edge for DMK over AIADMK. But some editions of Dinamalar carried a statement on the first page distancing itself from the surveys.[61] In an instance VVPAT was helpful in resolving an issue pertaining to a tally of votes in Kancheepuram Assembly constituency as the number of votes entered in the Form 17C of a polling booth and the total number of votes recorded in the EVM control unit of that booth did not tally.[62]

Cash for votes

[edit]

Wide spread allegations of parties bribing voters with cash were raised and the Election commission responded by increasing the number of flying squads to conduct raids and prevent distribution of cash for votes.[63][64][65] First time in the Indian history Rs 570 crores of three containers captured in Tirupur, no one claimed for that money at the first day. Later SBI claimed that money. Many parties like CPI(M), CPI, VCK, MDMK, PMK, wanted clear information about that money.[citation needed]

Postponement of polls

[edit]

The Election Commission postponed the polls in Aravakurichi and Thanjavur constituencies due to reports of distribution of huge sums of money and alcohol to voters. The polling was initially postponed to 13 June, despite the Governor of Tamil Nadu requesting that it should happen before 1 June. The date was subsequently amended to November.[citation needed]

Adjuned and By-Election

[edit]

On 26 October 2016, the Election Commission announced that the election for Thiruparankundram, Aravakurichi and Thanjavur constituencies would be held on 19 November 2016.[66] The outcome was:[citation needed]

Constituency Contestant DMK Contestant ADMK Winning candidate Winning party Margin
Aravakurichi K. C. Palanisamy V. Senthil Balaji V. Senthil Balaji AIADMK 23,661
Thanjavur Anjugam Boopathy M. Rangaswamy M. Rangaswamy AIADMK 26,874
Thiruparankundram Saravanan A. K. Bose A. K. Bose AIADMK 42,670

22 by election results

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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  2. ^ "May is the cruellest month: DMK pays heavy price for seat-sharing". The Times of India. 20 May 2016. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
  3. ^ M T Saju; Padmini Sivarajah (8 May 2016). "Congress could be DMK's Achilles' heel". The Times of India. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
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