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{{Short description|American neuroscientist}}
{{Like resume|date=February 2021}}{{Infobox scientist
| name = Robert Desimone
| image =
| workplaces = [[McGovern Institute for Brain Research]] at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]]
| alma_mater = [[Macalester College]]<br />[[Princeton University]]
}}


'''Robert Desimone''' is an American neuroscientist who currently serves as the director of the [[McGovern Institute for Brain Research]] and the Doris and Don Berkey Professor of Neuroscience at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]].
⚫
'''Robert Desimone''' is the director of the [[McGovern Institute for Brain Research]] and the Doris and Don Berkey Professor of Neuroscience at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]]. The McGovern Institute was founded at MIT by [[Patrick Joseph McGovern]] and [[Lore Harp McGovern]] with a dual mission of conducting basic research on the mind and brain and applying that knowledge to help the many people suffering from brain disorders. Prior to joining the McGovern Institute in 2004, Robert Desimone was the director of intramural research at the [[National Institute of Mental Health]]. He is a member of the [[US National Academy of Sciences]] and [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] and is recognized for his research on the brain mechanisms that underlie visual perception, attention, and executive control.<ref>New Yorker, Attention, by Alan Lightman, Oct 1 2014</ref> At the McGovern Institute, he is promoting the development of systems neuroscience, novel neuroscience technologies, and the translation of basic research findings into new treatments that improve human health, including new approaches to brain disorders such as [[autism]] and [[schizophrenia]].<ref>Brain Scan: Newsletter of the McGovern Institute for Brain research Issue no. 9 (Summer 2008)[http://web.mit.edu/mcgovern/html/News_and_Publications/brain_scan_08-2008.pdf]</ref><ref>MIT Technology Review, A Turning Point, December 18, 2014</ref> He sits on the boards of directors of the three McGovern Institutes in China, at [[Peking University]], [[Tsinghua University]], and [[Beijing Normal University]]. At the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), he and his colleague [[Guoping Feng]], are collaborating with a new center to create animal genetic models for brain disorders.<ref>[http://www.siat.ac.cn/xwzx/mtbd/201505/t20150525_4361471.html SIAT media report]</ref> From 2014-2018, Desimone has been featured as an international guest judge on ''[[The Brain (TV series)|The Brain]]'', a televised competition of unique mental skills in China, where it is now one of the most popular TV series. He is married with two children.

The McGovern Institute, established by [[Patrick Joseph McGovern]] and [[Lore Harp McGovern]] focuses on conducting basic reserarch on the mind and brain, as well as applying that knowledge to help those affected by brain disorders.

⚫
Before joining the McGovern Institute in 2004, Robert Desimone held the position of director of [[NIH Intramural Research Program|intramural research]] at the [[National Institute of Mental Health]]. He is a member of the [[US National Academy of Sciences]] and [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] and is known for his research on the brain mechanisms that underlie [[visual perception]], attention, and executive control.<ref>New Yorker, Attention, by Alan Lightman, Oct 1 2014</ref> At the McGovern Institute, Desimone works on promoting the development of [[systems neuroscience]], novel neuroscience technologies, and the translation of basic research findings into new treatments that improve human health, including new approaches to brain disorders such as [[autism]] and [[schizophrenia]].<ref>Brain Scan: Newsletter of the McGovern Institute for Brain research Issue no. 9 (Summer 2008)[http://web.mit.edu/mcgovern/html/News_and_Publications/brain_scan_08-2008.pdf]</ref><ref>MIT Technology Review, A Turning Point, December 18, 2014</ref>

From 2014-2019 and again in 2023, Desimone appeared as an international judge and team leader on ''[[The Brain (TV series)|The Brain]]'', a competition showing unique mental skills. He is married with two children.


==Research==
==Research==
As a graduate student at Princeton, Desimone and his thesis supervisor Charles Gross were the first to publish data that neurons respond specifically to faces.<ref>J Neurophysiol. 1981 Aug;46(2):369-384</ref><ref>J Neurosci. 1984 2051-62</ref> At NIMH, he described the physiological properties <ref>J. Neurophysiol. 1987 57(3):835-68</ref> of neurons in extrastriate visual cortex, and he and [[Leslie Ungerleider]] mapped the topographic organization and anatomical connections <ref>J Comp Neurol. 1986 248(2):164-89</ref> of many new cortical visual areas. With [[Earl K. Miller|Earl Miller]], he discovered a physiological basis for recency memory (repetition suppression) and working memory in inferior temporal cortex.<ref>Science. 1994 263(5146):520-2</ref> He reported evidence for the role of attention in modulating the neuronal properties of areas in the ventral stream,<ref>Science. 1988 240(4850):338-40</ref> and he and John Duncan proposed a [[Biased Competition Theory]] to explain many aspects of attention control.<ref>Annu Rev Neurosci. 1995 18:193-222</ref> With John Reynolds, he proposed a quantitative model of biased competition to explain the effects of attention on neurons, which is formally a normalization model.<ref>J. Neurosci. 1999 19(5):1736-53</ref> With [[Pascal Fries]], he described the effects of attention on synchronized activity in extrastriate cortex,<ref>Science. 2001 291(5508):1560-3</ref> and he later found that synchronized activity between extrastriate cortex and prefrontal cortex is a mechanistic feature of selective attention <ref>Science. 2009 324(5931):1207-10</ref><ref>Science. 2014 344(6182):424-7.</ref>
As a graduate student at [[Princeton University|Princeton]], Desimone and his thesis supervisor Charles Gross published the first data that neurons respond specifically to faces.<ref>J Neurophysiol. 1981 Aug;46(2):369-384</ref><ref>J Neurosci. 1984 2051-62</ref> While working at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), he studied the physiological properties <ref>J. Neurophysiol. 1987 57(3):835-68</ref> of neurons in extrastriate visual cortex, and together with [[Leslie Ungerleider]], he mapped the topographic organization and anatomical connections <ref>J Comp Neurol. 1986 248(2):164-89</ref> of many new cortical visual areas. In collaboration with [[Earl K. Miller|Earl Miller]], he discovered a physiological basis for recency memory (repetition suppression) and working memory in [[Inferior temporal gyrus|inferior temporal cortex]].<ref>Science. 1994 263(5146):520-2</ref> He reported evidence for the role of attention in modulating the neuronal properties of areas in the ventral stream,<ref>Science. 1988 240(4850):338-40</ref> and he and John Duncan proposed a [[biased competition theory]] to explain many aspects of attention control.<ref>Annu Rev Neurosci. 1995 18:193-222</ref> With John Reynolds, he proposed a quantitative model of [[biased competition theory|biased competition]] to explain the effects of attention on neurons, which is formally a normalization model.<ref>J. Neurosci. 1999 19(5):1736-53</ref> With [[Pascal Fries]], he described the effects of attention on synchronized activity in [[extrastriate cortex]],<ref>Science. 2001 291(5508):1560-3</ref> and he later found that synchronized activity between extrastriate cortex and [[prefrontal cortex]] is a mechanistic feature of selective attention <ref>Science. 2009 324(5931):1207-10</ref><ref>Science. 2014 344(6182):424-7.</ref>


==Education==
==Education==
Desimone received his BA from [[Macalester College]] in 1974 and his Ph.D. from [[Princeton University]] in 1979.
[Macalester College] BA;
[Princeton University] Ph.D.


==Awards==
==Awards==

[[Golden Brain Award]], 1994;
* [[Golden Brain Award]], 1994;<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.minervaberkeley.org/1994|title=1994}}</ref>
[[Troland Research Awards]], 1990
* [[Troland Research Awards]], 1990;<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasonline.org/programs/awards/troland-research-awards.html|title=Troland Research Awards}}</ref>
* Goldman-Rakic Prize, 2020<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbrfoundation.org/grants-prizes/prizes-awards/goldman-rakic-prize-outstanding-achievement-cognitive-neuroscience|title = Goldman-Rakic Prize for Outstanding Achievement in Cognitive Neuroscience|date = 31 March 2017}}</ref>
* Ralph Gerard Prize of the Society for Neuroscience, 2021; <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sfn.org/initiatives/awards/2021-awards-announcement-week |title=2021 Awards Announcement Week |publisher=Society for Neuroscience |access-date=November 20, 2022}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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* [https://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/05/science/05tier.html?_r=1&ref=science Ear Plugs to Lasers: The Science of Concentration. New York Times May 4, 2009]
* [https://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/05/science/05tier.html?_r=1&ref=science Ear Plugs to Lasers: The Science of Concentration. New York Times May 4, 2009]
* [http://www.newyorker.com/tech/elements/anatomy-attention The Anatomy of Attention, Alan Lightman, The New Yorker, Oct 1, 2014]
* [http://www.newyorker.com/tech/elements/anatomy-attention The Anatomy of Attention, Alan Lightman, The New Yorker, Oct 1, 2014]
* [http://www.technologyreview.com/article/533056/a-turning-point/ MIT Technology Review, A Turning Point. December 18, 2014]
* [http://www.technologyreview.com/article/533056/a-turning-point/ MIT Technology Review, A Turning Point. December 18, 2014]

* [http://mcgovern.med.tsinghua.edu.cn/ Tsinghua university McGovern Institute]

* [http://mgv.pku.edu.cn/ Peking University McGovern Institute]

* [http://imibr.bnu.edu.cn/ Beijing Normal University McGovern Institute]

* [http://www.mcgoverninstitute.org/ McGovern Institutes US-China]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AThqmggfE74/ China-Japan Brain competition]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AThqmggfE74/ China-Japan Brain competition]
* [http://techtv.mit.edu/videos/13460-meet-robert-desimone/ video profile on MIT tech TV]
* [http://techtv.mit.edu/videos/13460-meet-robert-desimone/ video profile on MIT tech TV]
* [https://www.sfn.org/initiatives/awards/2021-awards-announcement-week?fbclid=IwAR2ruJ-gMnRRydKXYAUQYHOY3Cyxbr60bvE8lYe9Ej0AJe4ybKxVLNEXYQk]


{{authority control}}
{{authority control}}
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[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]
[[Category:Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni]]

Latest revision as of 09:03, 2 January 2024

Robert Desimone
Alma materMacalester College
Princeton University
Scientific career
InstitutionsMcGovern Institute for Brain Research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Robert Desimone is an American neuroscientist who currently serves as the director of the McGovern Institute for Brain Research and the Doris and Don Berkey Professor of Neuroscience at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

The McGovern Institute, established by Patrick Joseph McGovern and Lore Harp McGovern focuses on conducting basic reserarch on the mind and brain, as well as applying that knowledge to help those affected by brain disorders.

Before joining the McGovern Institute in 2004, Robert Desimone held the position of director of intramural research at the National Institute of Mental Health. He is a member of the US National Academy of Sciences and American Academy of Arts and Sciences and is known for his research on the brain mechanisms that underlie visual perception, attention, and executive control.[1] At the McGovern Institute, Desimone works on promoting the development of systems neuroscience, novel neuroscience technologies, and the translation of basic research findings into new treatments that improve human health, including new approaches to brain disorders such as autism and schizophrenia.[2][3]

From 2014-2019 and again in 2023, Desimone appeared as an international judge and team leader on The Brain, a competition showing unique mental skills. He is married with two children.

Research

[edit]

As a graduate student at Princeton, Desimone and his thesis supervisor Charles Gross published the first data that neurons respond specifically to faces.[4][5] While working at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), he studied the physiological properties [6] of neurons in extrastriate visual cortex, and together with Leslie Ungerleider, he mapped the topographic organization and anatomical connections [7] of many new cortical visual areas. In collaboration with Earl Miller, he discovered a physiological basis for recency memory (repetition suppression) and working memory in inferior temporal cortex.[8] He reported evidence for the role of attention in modulating the neuronal properties of areas in the ventral stream,[9] and he and John Duncan proposed a biased competition theory to explain many aspects of attention control.[10] With John Reynolds, he proposed a quantitative model of biased competition to explain the effects of attention on neurons, which is formally a normalization model.[11] With Pascal Fries, he described the effects of attention on synchronized activity in extrastriate cortex,[12] and he later found that synchronized activity between extrastriate cortex and prefrontal cortex is a mechanistic feature of selective attention [13][14]

Education

[edit]

Desimone received his BA from Macalester College in 1974 and his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1979.

Awards

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ New Yorker, Attention, by Alan Lightman, Oct 1 2014
  2. ^ Brain Scan: Newsletter of the McGovern Institute for Brain research Issue no. 9 (Summer 2008)[1]
  3. ^ MIT Technology Review, A Turning Point, December 18, 2014
  4. ^ J Neurophysiol. 1981 Aug;46(2):369-384
  5. ^ J Neurosci. 1984 2051-62
  6. ^ J. Neurophysiol. 1987 57(3):835-68
  7. ^ J Comp Neurol. 1986 248(2):164-89
  8. ^ Science. 1994 263(5146):520-2
  9. ^ Science. 1988 240(4850):338-40
  10. ^ Annu Rev Neurosci. 1995 18:193-222
  11. ^ J. Neurosci. 1999 19(5):1736-53
  12. ^ Science. 2001 291(5508):1560-3
  13. ^ Science. 2009 324(5931):1207-10
  14. ^ Science. 2014 344(6182):424-7.
  15. ^ "1994".
  16. ^ "Troland Research Awards".
  17. ^ "Goldman-Rakic Prize for Outstanding Achievement in Cognitive Neuroscience". 31 March 2017.
  18. ^ "2021 Awards Announcement Week". Society for Neuroscience. Retrieved November 20, 2022.
[edit]



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