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{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Havana, Illinois
| official_name = 
| native_name = 
| native_name_lang = 
| other_name = 
| settlement_type = [[List of cities in Illinois|City]]
| image_skyline = Havana Water Tower, Illinois.jpg
| imagesize = 
| image_alt = 
| image_caption = [[Havana Water Tower]]
| image_flag = 
| image_seal = 
| etymology = 
| nickname = 
| motto = 
| anthem = 
| image_map = File:Mason County Illinois Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Havana Highlighted.svg
| mapsize = 
| map_alt = 
| map_caption = Location in Mason County, Illinois
| image_map1 = 
| mapsize1 = 
| map_alt1 = 
| map_caption1 = 
| pushpin_map = USA
| pushpin_label_position = left
| pushpin_label = Havana
| pushpin_map_alt = 
| pushpin_mapsize = 
| pushpin_relief = 
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the United States
| coordinates = {{coord|40|17|42|N|90|03|24|W|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint = 
| coordinates_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/>
| grid_name = 
| grid_position = 
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = United States
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = Illinois
| subdivision_type2 = County
| subdivision_name2 = [[Mason County, Illinois|Mason]]
| subdivision_type3 = Township
| subdivision_name3 = [[Havana Township, Mason County, Illinois|Havana]]
| subdivision_type4 = 
| subdivision_name4 = 
| established_title = Founded
| established_date = 
| founder = 
| named_for = 
| seat_type = 
| seat = 
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type = 
| governing_body = 
| leader_party = 
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = 
| leader_title1 = 
| leader_name1 = 
| total_type = 
| unit_pref = Imperial
| area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2022">{{cite web |title=2022 U.S. Gazetteer Files: Illinois |url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2022_Gazetteer/2022_gaz_place_17.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=February 28, 2023}}</ref>
| area_total_km2 = 7.62
| area_total_sq_mi = 2.94
| area_land_km2 = 7.19
| area_land_sq_mi = 2.78
| area_water_km2 = 0.43
| area_water_sq_mi = 0.17
| area_water_percent = 
| area_metro_footnotes = 
| area_metro_km2 = 
| area_metro_sq_mi = 
| area_rank = 
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft = 469
| population_as_of = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2020">{{Cite web| url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=&g=1600000US1733513&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P1| title=P1. Race – Havana city, Illinois: 2020 DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau| access-date=February 28, 2023}}</ref>
| population_total = 2963
| timezone1 = [[North American Central Time Zone|CST]]
| utc_offset1 = -6
| timezone1_DST = [[North American Central Time Zone|CDT]]
| utc_offset1_DST = -5
| postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code = 62644
| area_code_type = 
| area_code = [[Area code 309#United States|309]]
| geocode = 
| iso_code = 
| blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standards|FIPS code]]
| blank_info = 17-33513
| blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS ID]]
| blank1_info = 2394323<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2394323}}</ref>
| blank2_name = 
| blank2_info = 
| blank2_name_sec2 = Wikimedia Commons
| blank2_info_sec2 = Havana, Illinois
| website = {{URL|https://www.havanail.gov/}}
| footnotes = 
}}
'''Havana''' is a city and the [[county seat]] of [[Mason County, Illinois]], United States. The population was 2,963 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]],<ref name="Census 2020"/> a decline from the figure of 3,301 tabulated in [[2010 United States census|2010]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|access-date=2011-06-07|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref>

==History==
Havana was a major ancient American settlement two thousand years ago, when the largest verified mound of the Western [[Hopewell Culture]] was built. Local landmarks were mentioned in the journals of French explorers in the late 1600s. A religious medal dating from the early 1700s suggests that there was missionary activity in what is now Havana. When permanent English-speaking residents arrived in 1822, there was a [[Pottawatomie]] village on the site. A ferry was established to the western bank of the [[Illinois River]] to a road that followed the [[Spoon River]]. There were [[War of 1812]] bounty lands in western Illinois.

[[Abraham Lincoln]] was a frequent visitor to Havana between his days as a soldier in the [[Black Hawk War]]s until at least his three-hour speech on the Rockwell Mound while he was running for the [[US Senate]] in 1858. [[Stephen Douglas]] had spoken there the day before. When he was younger, Lincoln rode a mail route from [[Lincoln's New Salem|New Salem]] to Havana. Later, he was a local surveyor, and then an itinerant attorney. Mason County was the only place where Lincoln owned farmland. The English-speaking settlement was originally called "Ross's Ferry" and was later named after [[Havana]], the capital of [[Cuba]].<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=Govt. Print. Off. | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n151 152]}}</ref> Havana was notorious as a gambling river town, and it is reported that names such as [[Al Capone]] would hunt, fish, and gamble in the local clubs.{{citation needed|date=February 2024}}

==Geography==
Havana is located in western Mason County on the [[Illinois River]]. [[U.S. Route 136 in Illinois|U.S. Route 136]] passes through the city as Dearborn Street, South Promenade Street, and East Laurel Street, leading east {{convert|24|mi}} to [[San Jose, Illinois|San Jose]] and west {{convert|40|mi}} to [[Macomb, Illinois|Macomb]]. US 136 crosses the Illinois River on the [[Scott Wike Lucas Bridge]]. Illinois Routes [[Illinois Route 78|78]] and [[Illinois Route 97|97]] join US 136 passing through Havana and crossing the Illinois River. IL 78 leads south-southwest (downriver) {{convert|9|mi|0}} to [[Bath, Illinois|Bath]] and north {{convert|21|mi}} to [[Canton, Illinois|Canton]], while IL 97 leads south-southeast {{convert|11|mi|0}} to [[Kilbourne, Illinois|Kilbourne]] and northwest {{convert|11|mi}} to [[Lewistown, Illinois|Lewistown]]. [[Chautauqua National Wildlife Refuge]] is {{convert|8|mi|0}} northeast of Havana, along the Illinois River.

According to the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], Havana has a total area of {{convert|2.94|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|2.78|sqmi|sqkm|2}} are land and {{convert|0.17|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, or 5.61%, are water.<ref name="CenPopGazetteer2022"/>

===Climate===
{{Weather box   <!-- Infobox begins -->
| single line = Y
| location    = Havana, Illinois (1991–2020)
<!-- Average high temperatures -->
| Jan high F  =33.5
| Feb high F  =38.8
| Mar high F  =51.2
| Apr high F  =63.8
| May high F  =74.5
| Jun high F  =84.6
| Jul high F  =88.1
| Aug high F  =86.0
| Sep high F  =80.4
| Oct high F  =67.8
| Nov high F  =52.4
| Dec high F  =39.1
<!-- Mean daily temperature -->
| Jan mean F  =25.0
| Feb mean F  =29.6
| Mar mean F  =40.7
| Apr mean F  =52.4
| May mean F  =63.7
| Jun mean F  =73.1
| Jul mean F  =76.6
| Aug mean F  =74.4
| Sep mean F  =66.9
| Oct mean F  =54.9
| Nov mean F  =42.1
| Dec mean F  =30.5
<!-- Average low temperatures -->
| Jan low F  =16.4
| Feb low F  =20.4
| Mar low F  =30.2
| Apr low F  =40.9
| May low F  =52.8
| Jun low F  =61.6
| Jul low F  =65.1
| Aug low F  =62.9
| Sep low F  =53.5
| Oct low F  =42.0
| Nov low F  =31.8
| Dec low F  =21.8
<!-- Total precipitation, this should include rain and snow. -->
| precipitation colour    =  green
| Jan precipitation inch  =2.20
| Feb precipitation inch  =2.18
| Mar precipitation inch  =2.72
| Apr precipitation inch  =4.22
| May precipitation inch  =5.08
| Jun precipitation inch  =4.73
| Jul precipitation inch  =4.18
| Aug precipitation inch  =4.02
| Sep precipitation inch  =3.26
| Oct precipitation inch  =3.37
| Nov precipitation inch  =2.73
| Dec precipitation inch  =2.35
<!-- Snowfall -->
| Jan snow inch  =9.7
| Feb snow inch  =5.8
| Mar snow inch  =3.2
| Apr snow inch  =1.2
| May snow inch  =0.0
| Jun snow inch  =0.0
| Jul snow inch  =0.0
| Aug snow inch  =0.0
| Sep snow inch  =0.0
| Oct snow inch  =0.0
| Nov snow inch  =1.1
| Dec snow inch  =6.9
<!-- Mandatory fields, source -->
| source = NOAA<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/us-climate-normals/#dataset=normals-monthly&timeframe=30&station=USC00113940 |title=NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access |publisher=NOAA |access-date=2024-04-17 }}</ref>
}}<!-- Infobox ends -->

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1850= 462
|1870= 1785
|1880= 2118
|1890= 2525
|1900= 3268
|1910= 3525
|1920= 3614
|1930= 3451
|1940= 3999
|1950= 4379
|1960= 4363
|1970= 4376
|1980= 4277
|1990= 3610
|2000= 3577
|2010= 3301
|2020= 2963
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 3,577 people, 1,467 households, and 981 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,361.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 1,587 housing units at an average density of {{convert|603.8|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 98.49% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.14% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.14% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.53% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.06% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.64% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.59% of the population.

There were 1,467 households, out of which 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.8% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.1% were non-families. 29.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.7% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 25.7% from 25 to 44, 20.1% from 45 to 64, and 22.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,316, and the median income for a family was $35,684. Males had a median income of $30,833 versus $21,215 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $16,781. About 10.2% of families and 12.0% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 18.9% of those under age 18 and 7.5% of those age 65 or over.

==Notable people==
<!-- Note:
· Only people who already have a Wikipedia article may appear here. This establishes notability.
· The article must mention how they are associated with <city name>, whether born, raised, or residing.
· The fact of their association should have a reliable source cited.
· Alphabetical by last name please
· All others will be deleted without further explanation
-->

* [[Fred Beck]], MLB player for the [[Boston Doves]], [[Cincinnati Reds]] and [[Philadelphia Phillies]]
* [[Roy Hamey]], MLB general manager for the [[Pittsburgh Pirates]], Phillies and [[New York Yankees]]
* [[Scott W. Lucas]], U.S. senator from Illinois
* [[Paul Samuell]], Illinois Supreme Court justice

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Official website|https://www.havanail.gov/}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061220035829/http://www.nature.org/wherewework/northamerica/states/illinois/preserves/art1112.html The Nature Conservancy's Emiquon Project] - The [[Emiquon Project]], a {{convert|7000|acre|km2}} wetland restoration project located across the Illinois River from Havana
*[http://www.ohiobarns.com/othersites/watertowers/il/13-60historicwt.html Historic Water Tower]
*[http://www.city-data.com/city/Havana-Illinois.html Havana City Data]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060927044056/http://www.havana.lib.il.us/community/tourism/attractions.html Havana Attractions]
*[https://www.historichavanaillinois.com/ Historic Havana Website]

{{Mason County, Illinois}}
{{Illinois county seats}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Illinois]]
[[Category:Cities in Mason County, Illinois]]
[[Category:County seats in Illinois]]

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