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{{Short description|Second age of the Miaolingian epoch}}
{{Infobox geologic timespan
| name                         = Drumian
| color                        = Drumian
| time_start                   = 504.5
| time_start_prefix            = ~
| time_end                     = 500.5
| time_end_prefix              = ~
| image_map                    =
| caption_map                  =
| image_outcrop                =
| caption_outcrop              =
| image_art                    =
| caption_art                  =
<!--Chronology-->  
| timeline                     = Cambrian
| partially_contained_in       =
| partially_contains           =
<!--Etymology-->
| name_formality               = Formal
| name_accept_date             = 2006<ref name='babcock2007'>{{cite journal |last1=Babcock |first1=Loren |last2=Robison |first2=Richard |last3=Rees |first3=Margaret |last4=Peng |first4=Shanchi |last5=Saltzman |first5=Matthew |title=The Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Drumian Stage (Cambrian) in the Drum Mountains, Utah, USA |journal=Episodes |date=June 2007 |volume=30 |issue=2 |pages=85–89 |doi=10.18814/epiiugs/2007/v30i2/003 |url=http://www.palaeontology.geo.uu.se/ISCS/Drumian%20GSSP.pdf |access-date=2024-04-03|doi-access=free |lang=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328153601/http://www.palaeontology.geo.uu.se/ISCS/Drumian%20GSSP.pdf|archive-date=2024-03-28|url-status=live}}</ref>
| alternate_spellings          =
| synonym1                     =
| synonym1_coined              =
| synonym2                     =
| synonym2_coined              =
| synonym3                     =
| synonym3_coined              =
| nicknames                    =
| former_names                 = Cambrian Stage 6
| proposed_names               =
<!--Usage Information--> 
| celestial_body               = earth
| usage                        = Global ([[International Commission on Stratigraphy|ICS]])
| timescales_used              = ICS Time Scale
| formerly_used_by             =
| not_used_by                  =
<!--Definition-->
| chrono_unit                  = Age
| strat_unit                   = Stage
| proposed_by                  = Babcock et al., 2006<ref>{{cite web |last1=Babcock |first1=Loren |last2=Robinson |first2=Richard |last3=Rees |first3=Margaret |last4=Shanchi |first4=Peng |last5=Saltzman |first5=Matthew |title=PROPOSED GLOBAL STANDARD STRATOTYPE-SECTION AND POINT FOR THE DRUMIAN STAGE (CAMBRIAN) |url=http://www.palaeontology.geo.uu.se/ISCS/ISCS_GSSP_Drumian_Proposal_2006.pdf |website=International Subcommission on Cambrian Stratigraphy |access-date=2024-04-03 |lang=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709225859/http://www.palaeontology.geo.uu.se/ISCS/ISCS_GSSP_Drumian_Proposal_2006.pdf|archive-date=2020-07-09|url-status=live}}</ref>
| timespan_formality           = Formal
| lower_boundary_def           = [[First appearance datum|FAD]] of the [[Trilobite]] ''[[Ptychagnostus atavus]]''
| lower_gssp_location          = Drumian section, [[Wheeler Shale]], [[Utah]], [[United States|U.S.A.]]
| lower_gssp_coords            = {{Coord|39.5117|N|112.9915|W|display=inline}}
| lower_gssp_accept_date       = 2006<ref name='babcock2007'/>
| upper_boundary_def           = FAD of the [[Trilobite]] ''[[Lejopyge laevigata]]''
| upper_gssp_location          = Luoyixi section, [[Louyixi|Luoyixi]], [[Guzhang]], [[Hunan]], [[China]]
| upper_gssp_coords            = {{Coord|28.7200|N|109.9647|E|display=inline}}
| upper_gssp_accept_date       = 2008<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Peng |first1=Shanchi |last2=Babcock |first2=Loren |last3=Zuo |first3=Jingxun |last4=Lin |first4=Huanling |last5=Zhu |first5=Xuejian |last6=Yang |first6=Xianfeng |last7=Robison |first7=Richard |last8=Qi |first8=Yuping |last9=Bagnoli |first9=Gabriella |last10=Chen |first10=Yong’an |title=The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Guzhangian Stage (Cambrian) in the Wuling Mountains, Northwestern Hunan, China |journal=Episodes |date=March 2009 |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=41–55 |doi=10.18814/epiiugs/2009/v32i1/006 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279710853 |access-date=2024-04-03|doi-access=free }}</ref>
<!--Atmospheric and Climatic Data-->
| o2                           =
| co2                          =
| temp                         =
| sea_level                    =
}}
{{Coord|39.5117|N|112.9915|W|display=title}}
The '''Drumian''' is a [[Stage (geology)|stage]] of the [[Miaolingian]] Series of the [[Cambrian]]. It succeeds the [[Wuliuan]] and precedes the [[Guzhangian]]. The base is defined as the first appearance of the [[trilobite]] ''[[Ptychagnostus atavus]]'' around {{Period start|Drumian}} million years ago. The top is defined as the first appearance of another trilobite ''[[Lejopyge laevigata]]'' around {{Period start|Guzhangian}} million years ago.

==GSSP==
The [[GSSP]] is defined in the ''Drumian section'' ({{Coord|39.5117|N|112.9915|W|display=inline}}) in the [[Drum Mountains]], [[Millard County]], [[Utah]], United States.<ref name='babcock2007'/> The stage was also named after the Drum Mountains. The section is an outcrop of the [[Wheeler Formation]], a succession of calcareous shales. The precise base of the Drumian is a laminated limestone {{convert|62|m|abbr=on}} above the base of the Wheeler Formation.<ref name="GSSP for Drumian Stage">{{cite web|title=GSSP for Drumian Stage|url=https://timescalefoundation.org/gssp/detail.php?periodid=149&top_parentid=77|accessdate=2024-04-03|lang=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231105203849/https://timescalefoundation.org/gssp/detail.php?periodid=149&top_parentid=77|archive-date=2023-11-05|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Major events==
The Cambrian Drumian carbon isotope excursion (DICE) event is associated with the beginning of this age.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Anaïs Pagès, Susanne Schmid|year=2016|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305929589|title=Euxinia linked to the Cambrian Drumian carbon isotope excursion (DICE) in Australia: Geochemical and chemostratigraphic evidence|journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology|volume=461|issue=|page=65-76|doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.08.008|bibcode=2016PPP...461...65P |lang=en}}</ref> The cause of this event was the shallowing of anoxic deep waters simultaneously with their transgression. DICE hampered the recovery of reef ecosystems already affected by the early–middle Cambrian mass extinctions.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Dandan Li, Xu Zhang, Shan-Chi Peng, Yanan Shen, Xiaolin Zhang, Hao Zhu, Lilin Sun|year=2019|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336707009|title=A paired carbonate–organic δ13C approach to understanding the Cambrian Drumian carbon isotope excursion (DICE)|journal=Precambrian Research|volume=349|issue=|page=105503|doi=10.1016/j.precamres.2019.105503|lang=en}}</ref> In the middle–late Drumian, there was a radiation interval, before the next extinction event.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Yiying Deng, Junxuan Fan, Shengchao Yang, Yukun Shi, Zhengbo Lu, Huiqing Xu, Zongyuan Sun, Fangqi Zhao, Zhangshuai Hou|year=2023|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/369096101|title=No Furongian Biodiversity Gap: Evidence from South China|journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology|volume=618|issue=1|page=111492|doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111492|bibcode=2023PPP...61811492D |lang=en}}</ref>

==Paleontology==
Numerous [[sponges]], [[palaeoscolecid]]s and [[Euarthropoda|euarthropods]] (including [[radiodont]]s) are known from the Drumian deposits.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Lucas Del Mouro, Joseph Botting, Jacob Skabelund, Rudy Lerosey-Aubril, Robert R. Gaines, Javier Ortega-Hernández|year=2022|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/365394008|title=Revision of the middle Cambrian (Drumian) sponges from the Marjum Formation of Utah, USA|journal=Conference: 6th International Palaeontological Congress, Khon Kaen, Thailand|lang=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Stephen Pates, Samuel Zamora|year=2023|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/374948138|title=Large euarthropod carapaces from a high latitude Cambrian (Drumian) deposit in Spain|journal=Royal Society Open Science|volume=10|issue=10|page=230935|doi=10.1098/rsos.230935|pmid=37885986 |pmc=10598445 |bibcode=2023RSOS...1030935P |lang=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Stephen Pates, Carlo Kier, Rudy Lerosey-Aubril, Allison C. Daley, Enrico Bonino|year=2019|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332656191|title=New radiodonts from the Drumian (Miaolingian) Marjum Formation of Utah, USA|journal=Paleobios|volume=36|issue=1|page=116|lang=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite web|url=https://timescalefoundation.org/gssp/image.php?periodid=149&top_parentid=77&imageid=377|title=Drumian Stage GSSP in the Stratotype Ridge section, Drum Mountains, Utah, USA|website=timescalefoundation.org|lang=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526090349/https://timescalefoundation.org/gssp/image.php?periodid=149&top_parentid=77&imageid=377|archive-date=2022-05-26|url-status=live}}
* {{cite web|title=GSSP Table - Paleozoic Era|url=https://timescalefoundation.org/gssp/index.php?parentid=77|lang=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008002417/https://timescalefoundation.org/gssp/index.php?parentid=77|archive-date=2023-10-08|url-status=live}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.palaeontology.geo.uu.se/ISCS/ISCS_GSSPs.html|title=GSSPs - The Cambrian System 2019|publisher=International Commission on Stratigraphy|lang=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721165125/http://www.palaeontology.geo.uu.se/ISCS/ISCS_GSSPs.html|archive-date=2023-07-21|url-status=live}}

{{Cambrian footer}}
{{Geological history|p|p|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Drumian| ]]
[[Category:Cambrian geochronology]]
[[Category:Geological ages]]
[[Category:Cambrian United States]]


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