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In Greek mythology, Megareus (Ancient Greek: Μεγαρέας or Μεγαρέως), also called Megarus (Μέγαρος), was king of Onchestus in Boeotia. In some myths, he was the eponymous king of Megara.^[1]

Family

Megareus was either son of Poseidon and Oenope, daughter of Epopeus,^[2] or of Onchestus (eponym of their kingdom),^[3] or of Apollo or of Aegeus,^[4] or of Hippomenes.^[5]

Mythology

Megareus came with his army to the assistance of Nisos, husband of his sister Abrota,^[6] against Minos. In one version, he died in the battle, and the city of Nisa (Nisos' domain) was renamed Megara in his honor;^[7] in another, he married Iphinoe, daughter of Nisos, and succeeded to his father-in-law's power over Megara.^[8] His children by Iphinoe were Evippus, Timalcus, and Evaechme; he also had a son Hippomenes by Merope.^[9] With the aid of the god Apollo, Alcathous killed the Cithaeronian lion, for which Megareus gave him his daughter Euaechme as wife. He subsequently made Alcathous his successor, because his own sons did not outlive him: Evippus was killed by the lion, and Timalcus was slain by Theseus, having joined the Dioscuri in the campaign against him.^[10]

Notes

^ Pausanias, 1.39.5–6 & 1.41.5; Pseudo-Scymnos, Circuit de la terre 500 ff.
^ Hyginus, Fabulae 157
^ Plutarch, Quaestiones Graecae 16; Pseudo-Scymnos, Circuit de la terre 500 ff.
^ Stephanus of Byzantium, s.v. Megara (Μέγαρα)
^ Apollodorus, 3.15.8
^ Plutarch, Quaestiones Graecae 16
^ Apollodorus, 3.15.8; Pausanias, 1.39.5
^ Pausanias, 1.39.6 & 1.41.5
^ Hyginus, Fabulae 185
^ Pausanias, 1.41.3

References

Gaius Julius Hyginus, Fabulae from The Myths of Hyginus translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. Online version at the Topos Text Project.
Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus, Moralia with an English Translation by Frank Cole Babbitt. Cambridge, MA. Harvard University Press. London. William Heinemann Ltd. 1936. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Greek text available from the same website.
Pausanias, Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library
Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio. 3 vols. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
Pseudo-Apollodorus, The Library with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Greek text available from the same website.
Stephanus of Byzantium, Stephani Byzantii Ethnicorum quae supersunt, edited by August Meineike (1790-1870), published 1849. A few entries from this important ancient handbook of place names have been translated by Brady Kiesling. Online version at the Topos Text Project.

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[1] Pausanias, 1.39.5–6 & 1.41.5; Pseudo-Scymnos, Circuit de la terre 500 ff.

[2] Hyginus, Fabulae 157

[3] Plutarch, Quaestiones Graecae 16; Pseudo-Scymnos, Circuit de la terre 500 ff.

[4] Stephanus of Byzantium, s.v. Megara (Μέγαρα)

[Apollodorus,_Bibliotheca,_3._15._8-5] Apollodorus, 3.15.8

[:0-6] Plutarch, Quaestiones Graecae 16

[7] Apollodorus, 3.15.8; Pausanias, 1.39.5

[8] Pausanias, 1.39.6 & 1.41.5

[9] Hyginus, Fabulae 185

[10] Pausanias, 1.41.3

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+{{Other uses|Megareus}}In [[Greek mythology]], '''Megareus''' ([[Ancient Greek]]: Μεγαρέας or Μεγαρέως), also called '''[[Megarus]]''' (Μέγαρος), was king of [[Onchestos|Onchestus]] in [[Boeotia]]. In some myths, he was the eponymous king of [[Megara]].<ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.39.5&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Megareus 1.39.5]–[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.39.6&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Megareus 6] & [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.41.5&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Megareus 1.41.5]; [[Pseudo-Scymnus|Pseudo-Scymnos]], ''Circuit de la terre'' 500 ff.</ref>
-{{orphan|date=March 2010}}
-{{Unreferenced|date=November 2010}}
+== Family ==
-'''Megareus of Onchestus''', King of [[Onchestus]] in [[Boeotia]], father of [[Hippomenes]], grandson of [[Poseidon]]; He defended the city against the [[Seven Against Thebes]] and committed suicide to save [[Ancient Thebes (Boeotia)|Thebes]] in response to a claim by the [[oracle]] [[Tiresias]] that Thebes would win if one person would voluntarily die to save it.
+Megareus was either son of [[Poseidon]] and [[Oenope]], daughter of [[Epopeus]],<ref>[[Hyginus]], ''Fabulae'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#157 157]</ref> or of [[Onchestos (mythology)|Onchestus]] ([[eponym]] of their kingdom),<ref>[[Plutarch]], ''Quaestiones Graecae'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0215%3Asection%3D16 16]; Pseudo-Scymnos, ''Circuit de la terre'' 500 ff.</ref> or of [[Apollo]] or of [[Aegeus]],<ref>[[Stephanus of Byzantium]], s.v. ''[https://topostext.org/work/241#M438.13 Megara (Μέγαρα)]''</ref> or of [[Hippomenes]].<ref name="Apollodorus, Bibliotheca, 3. 15. 8">[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.15.8&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Megareus 3.15.8]</ref>
+== Mythology ==
+Megareus came with his army to the assistance of [[Nisos]], husband of his sister [[Abrota]],<ref name=":0">Plutarch, ''Quaestiones Graecae'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0215%3Asection%3D16 16]</ref> against [[Minos]]. In one version, he died in the battle, and the city of Nisa (Nisos' domain) was renamed Megara in his honor;<ref>Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.15.8&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Megareus 3.15.8]; Pausanias, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.39.5&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Megareus 1.39.5]</ref> in another, he married [[Iphinoe (mythology)|Iphinoe]], daughter of Nisos, and succeeded to his father-in-law's power over Megara.<ref>Pausanias, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.39.6&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Megareus 1.39.6] & [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.41.5&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Megareus 1.41.5]</ref> His children by Iphinoe were [[Evippus]], [[Timalcus]], and [[Evaechme]]; he also had a son [[Hippomenes]] by [[Merope (Messenia)|Merope]].<ref>Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#185 185]</ref> With the aid of the god [[Apollo]], [[Alcathous, son of Pelops|Alcathous]] killed the [[Cithaeronian lion]], for which Megareus gave him his daughter [[Euaechme]] as wife. He subsequently made Alcathous his successor, because his own sons did not outlive him: Evippus was killed by the lion, and Timalcus was slain by [[Theseus]], having joined the [[Dioscuri]] in the campaign against him.<ref>Pausanias, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.41.3&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Megareus 1.41.3]</ref>
+==Notes==
+{{Reflist}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Megareus Of Onchestus}}
-[[Category:Greek mythology]]
+[[Category:Kings in Greek mythology]]
+[[Category:Children of Poseidon]]
+== References ==
+* [[Gaius Julius Hyginus]], ''Fabulae from The Myths of Hyginus'' translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. [https://topostext.org/work/206 Online version at the Topos Text Project.]
+* [[Plutarch|Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus]], ''Moralia'' with an English Translation by Frank Cole Babbitt. Cambridge, MA. Harvard University Press. London. William Heinemann Ltd. 1936. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0215 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library]. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0213 Greek text available from the same website].
+* [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], ''Description of Greece'' with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.1.1 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library]
+* Pausanias, ''Graeciae Descriptio.'' ''3 vols''. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903.  [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0159 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
+* [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Pseudo-Apollodorus]], ''The Library'' with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0022 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.] [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0021 Greek text available from the same website].
+* [[Stephanus of Byzantium]], ''Stephani Byzantii Ethnicorum quae supersunt,'' edited by August Meineike (1790-1870), published 1849. A few entries from this important ancient handbook of place names have been translated by Brady Kiesling. [https://topostext.org/work/241 Online version at the Topos Text Project.]
+{{Greek-myth-stub}}
+[[Category:Mythological Boeotians]]
+[[Category:Mythological Megarians]]
+[[Category:Attic mythology]]