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{{short description|Triple star system in the constellation Cassiopeia}}
{{Starbox begin}}
{{Redirect-distinguish-text|A Cassiopeiae|[[Alpha Cassiopeiae|α (alpha) Cassiopeiae]]}}
{{Starbox begin
| name = 48 Cassiopeiae
}}
{{Starbox observe
{{Starbox observe
| epoch = J2000.0
| epoch = J2000
| constell = [[Cassiopeia (constellation)|Cassiopeia]]
| constell = [[Cassiopeia (constellation)|Cassiopeia]]
| ra = {{RA|02|01|57.450}}<ref name="van Leeuwen2007"/>
| ra = {{RA|02|01|57.45035}}<ref name=vanLeeuwen2007/>
| dec = {{DEC|+70|54|25.29}}<ref name="van Leeuwen2007"/>
| dec = {{DEC|+70|54|25.2902}}<ref name=vanLeeuwen2007/>
| appmag_v = 4.54<ref name=hr/> {{nowrap|(+4.71/+6.41)<ref name=tycho2/>}}
| appmag_v = 4.49<ref name=Anderson2012/>
}}
}}
{{Starbox character
{{Starbox character
| type =
| class = A5V<ref name=abt/> {{nowrap|(A2V + F2V)<ref name=mk/>}}
| b-v = +0.16<ref name=hr/>
| class = {{nowrap|A3&nbsp;Va<ref name=Gray1989/> (A2 V + F2 V)<ref name=Edwards1976/>}}
| u-b = +0.06<ref name=hr/>
| b-v = {{Val|0.164|0.008}}<ref name=Anderson2012/>
| variable =
| variable =
}}
}}
{{Starbox astrometry
{{Starbox astrometry
| radial_v = −12.4<ref name=gebran/>
| radial_v = −12.4<ref name=gebran2016/>
| prop_mo_ra = −55.69 ± 0.41<ref name="van Leeuwen2007"/>
| prop_mo_ra = −55.69<ref name=vanLeeuwen2007/>
| prop_mo_dec = −8.71 ± 0.46<ref name="van Leeuwen2007"/>
| prop_mo_dec = −8.71<ref name=vanLeeuwen2007/>
| parallax = 28.36
| parallax = 28.36
| p_error = 0.44
| p_error = 0.44
| parallax_footnote = <ref name="van Leeuwen2007"/>
| parallax_footnote = <ref name=vanLeeuwen2007/>
| absmag_v = +1.72
| absmag_v = 1.75<ref name=Anderson2012/>
}}
}}
{{Starbox visbin
{{Starbox orbit
| reference = <ref name=mason/>
| reference = <ref name=Hartkpof2006/>
| name = 48 Cassiopeiae B
| primary = 48 Cas A
| period = 60.55
| name = 48 Cas B
| axis = 0.628
| period = {{Val|61.14|0.05}}
| axis = {{Val|0.614|0.002}}
| eccentricity = 0.386
| eccentricity = {{Val|0.355|0.001}}
| inclination = 19.4
| inclination = {{Val|16.7|0.9}}
| node = 188.4
| node = {{Val|48.2|3.2}}
| periastron = 1965.8
| periastron = {{Val|1964.35|0.09}}
| periarg = {{Val|19.5|3.6}}
}}
}}
{{Starbox detail
{{Starbox detail
| component1 = 48 Cas
| source =
| component1 = 48 Cas A
| temperature = 7,700<ref name=gebran/>
| gravity = 3.7<ref name=gebran/>
| mass = 1.93<ref name=derosa2014/>
| radius =
| rotational_velocity = 60.0<ref name=gebran/>
| metal_fe = &minus;0.4<ref name=gebran/>
| luminosity = {{Val|17.8|0.6|1.2}}<ref name=zorec2012/>
| gravity = 4.47<ref name=David2015/>
}}
| temperature = {{Val|8538|290|fmt=commas}}<ref name=David2015/>
{{Starbox detail|no_heading=y
| metal_fe = −0.4<ref name=gebran2016/>
| component1 = A
| mass = 1.92<ref name=mason/>
| rotational_velocity = 61<ref name=zorec2012/>
| luminosity = 16.7<ref name=mason/>
| age_myr = 376<ref name=David2015/>
| component2 = B
| component2 = 48 Cas B
| mass2 = 1.19<ref name=mason/>
| mass2 = 1.17<ref name=derosa2014/>
| luminosity2 = 2.29
}}
}}
{{Starbox catalog
{{Starbox catalog
| names = A&nbsp;Cassiopeiae, [[Bright Star Catalogue|HR]]&nbsp;575, [[Henry Draper Catalogue|HD]]&nbsp;12111, [[Durchmusterung|BD]]+70°153, [[Hipparcos#Published catalogues|HIP]]&nbsp;9480, [[Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalog|SAO]]&nbsp;4554, [[Star catalogue#ADS|ADS]]&nbsp;1598, CCDM&nbsp;J02020+7054
| names = {{odlist | B=A&nbsp;Cassiopeiae | F=48&nbsp;Cas | BD=+70° 153 | FK5= | HD=12111 | HIP=9480 | HR=575 | SAO=4554 | ADS=1598 | CCDM=J02020+7054 | WDS=J02020+7054AB }}<ref name=SIMBAD/>
}}
}}
{{Starbox reference
{{Starbox reference
|Simbad=48+Cassiopeiae|sn=48 Cas
| Simbad = 48+Cas
|Simbad2=48+Cas+A|sn2=A
|Simbad3=48+Cas+B|sn3=B
}}
}}
{{Starbox end}}
{{Starbox end}}
'''48 Cassiopeiae''' is a [[star system]] in the [[constellation]] [[Cassiopeia (constellation)|Cassiopeia]]. It is approximately 115 [[light year]]s from [[Earth]].<ref name="van Leeuwen2007"/>


'''48 Cassiopeiae''' is a [[triple star]]<ref name=Eggleton2008/><ref name=derosa2014/> system in the northern [[constellation]] of [[Cassiopeia (constellation)|Cassiopeia]]. It is visible to the naked eye with a combined [[apparent visual magnitude]] of 4.49.<ref name=Anderson2012/> With an annual [[stellar parallax|parallax shift]] of {{Val|28.36|0.44|ul=mas}} as seen from Earth's orbit, it is located approximately 115 [[light year]]s away.<ref name=vanLeeuwen2007/> The system is moving closer with a heliocentric [[radial velocity]] of −12.4&nbsp;km/s.<ref name=gebran2016/>
The primary component, '''48 Cassiopeiae A''', is a white [[stellar classification|A-type]] [[subgiant]] with an [[apparent magnitude]] of +4.71. It has an [[astrometric binary|astrometric]] companion, '''48 Cassiopeiae B''', which is a [[stellar classification|F-type]] [[main sequence|main sequence dwarf]] with an apparent magnitude of +6.41. These two stars orbit around their common centre of mass once every 60.5 years. Component B has a [[semi-major axis]] of 0.62 [[arcsecond]]s, or 22 [[Astronomical Unit|AU]]. A third companion, '''48 Cassiopeiae C''', is a fourteenth magnitude star located 24 [[arcsecond]]s, or at least 850 AU, away.

The primary component, designated '''48 Cassiopeiae A''', is a white [[A-type main-sequence star]] with a [[stellar classification]] of A2&nbsp;V<ref name=Edwards1976/> and an [[apparent magnitude]] of +4.65.<ref name=WDSC2014/> It has a companion, component B, which is an [[F-type main-sequence star]] of class F2&nbsp;V<ref name=Edwards1976/> and an apparent magnitude of +6.74.<ref name=WDSC2014/> This pair orbit around their common [[barycenter|centre of mass]] once every 61.1 years.<ref name=Hartkpof2006/> They have a [[Semi-major and semi-minor axes|semimajor axis]] of 0.614 [[arcsecond]]s and an [[orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] of 0.355.<ref name=Hartkpof2006/> A third companion, component C, is a magnitude 13.20<ref name=WDSC2014/> star located at an [[angular separation]] of 23.16&nbsp;[[arcsecond]]s as of 2014, or at least 816.5&nbsp;AU away.<ref name=derosa2014/>


48 Cassiopeiae also has the [[Bayer designation]] A Cassiopeiae, the only star with a Latin letter designation in the constellation.<ref name=cross/>
48 Cassiopeiae also has the [[Bayer designation]] A Cassiopeiae, the only star with a Latin letter designation in the constellation.<ref name=cross/>
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{{reflist|refs=
{{reflist|refs=


<ref name=SIMBAD>{{cite simbad | title=48 Cas | access-date=2018-06-19 }}</ref>
<ref name="van Leeuwen2007">{{cite journal | title=Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction | url=http://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full/2007/41/aa8357-07/aa8357-07.html | last1=van Leeuwen | first1=F. | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=474 | issue=2 | pages=653–664 | year=2007 | arxiv=0708.1752 | bibcode=2007A&A...474..653V | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078357 }}[http://webviz.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-out.add=.&-source=I/311/hip2&recno=9460 Vizier catalog entry ]</ref>


<ref name=vanLeeuwen2007>{{citation
<ref name=cross>{{cite journal|bibcode=2004yCat.4027....0K|title=VizieR Online Data Catalog: HD-DM-GC-HR-HIP-Bayer-Flamsteed Cross Index (Kostjuk, 2002)|journal=VizieR On-line Data Catalog: IV/27A. Originally published in: Institute of Astronomy of Russian Academy of Sciences (2002)|volume=4027|author1=Kostjuk|first1=N. D.|year=2004}}</ref>
| title=Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction
| last1=van Leeuwen | first1=F. | postscript=.
| journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics
| volume=474 | issue=2 | pages=653–664 | year=2007
| arxiv=0708.1752 | bibcode=2007A&A...474..653V
| doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078357 | s2cid=18759600 }}</ref>


<ref name=WDSC2014>{{citation
<ref name=mason>{{cite journal|bibcode=1999AJ....117.1023M|doi=10.1086/300748|title=Binary Star Orbits from Speckle Interferometry. I. Improved Orbital Elements of 22 Visual Systems|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=117|issue=2|pages=1023|year=1999|last1=Mason|first1=Brian D|last2=Douglass|first2=Geoffrey G|last3=Hartkopf|first3=William I}}</ref>
| display-authors=1 | last1=Mason | first1=B. D.
| last2=Wycoff | first2=G. L. | last3=Hartkopf | first3=W. I.
| last4=Douglass | first4=G. G. | last5=Worley | first5=C. E.
| title=The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog | journal=The Astronomical Journal | year=2014
| volume=122 | issue=6 | page=3466 | bibcode=2001AJ....122.3466M | doi=10.1086/323920
| url=http://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR?-source=B/wds
| access-date=2015-07-22 | postscript=. | doi-access=free }}</ref>


<ref name=Anderson2012>{{citation
<ref name=mk>{{cite journal|bibcode=1976AJ.....81..245E|doi=10.1086/111879|title=MK classification for visual binary components|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=81|pages=245|year=1976|last1=Edwards|first1=T. W}}</ref>
| title=XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation
| last1=Anderson | first1=E. | last2=Francis | first2=Ch.
| journal=Astronomy Letters
| volume=38 | issue=5 | pages=331 | year=2012
| bibcode=2012AstL...38..331A | doi=10.1134/S1063773712050015
| arxiv=1108.4971 | s2cid=119257644 | postscript=. }}</ref>


<ref name=Edwards1976>{{citation
<ref name=abt>{{cite journal|bibcode=1995ApJS...99..135A|doi=10.1086/192182|title=The Relation between Rotational Velocities and Spectral Peculiarities among A-Type Stars|journal=The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series|volume=99|pages=135|year=1995|last1=Abt|first1=Helmut A|last2=Morrell|first2=Nidia I}}</ref>
| title=MK classification for visual binary components
| journal=The Astronomical Journal
| volume=81 | pages=245 | postscript=.
| last1=Edwards | first1=T. W. | date=1976
|bibcode=1976AJ.....81..245E | doi=10.1086/111879 }}</ref>


<ref name=zorec2012>{{citation
<ref name=hr>{{cite journal |bibcode=1991bsc..book.....H |title=The Bright star catalogue |journal=New Haven |author1=Hoffleit |first1=Dorrit |last2=Jaschek |first2=Carlos |year=1991}}</ref>
| title=Rotational velocities of A-type stars. IV. Evolution of rotational velocities
| last1=Zorec | first1=J. | last2=Royer | first2=F.
| journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics
| volume=537 | pages=A120 | year=2012
| doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201117691 | bibcode=2012A&A...537A.120Z
| arxiv=1201.2052 | s2cid=55586789 | postscript=. }}</ref>


<ref name=Gray1989>{{citation
<ref name=tycho2>{{cite journal|title=The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars|author=Høg, E.|display-authors=etal|date=2000|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=355|pages=L27–L30|bibcode=2000A&A...355L..27H}}</ref>
| title=The Late A-Type Stars: Refined MK Classification, Confrontation with Stroemgren Photometry, and the Effects of Rotation
| last1=Gray | first1=R. O. | last2=Garrison | first2=R. F.
| journal=Astrophysical Journal Supplement
| volume=70 | page=623 | date=July 1989 | postscript=.
| doi=10.1086/191349 | bibcode=1989ApJS...70..623G | doi-access=free }}</ref>


<ref name=gebran2016>{{citation
<ref name=gebran>{{cite journal|bibcode=2016A&A...589A..83G|doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201528052|arxiv=1603.01146|title=A new method for the inversion of atmospheric parameters of A/Am stars|journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics|volume=589|pages=A83|year=2016|last1=Gebran|first1=M|last2=Farah|first2=W|last3=Paletou|first3=F|last4=Monier|first4=R|last5=Watson|first5=V}}</ref>
| title=A new method for the inversion of atmospheric parameters of A/Am stars
| journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics
| display-authors=1 | last1=Gebran | first1=M.
| last2=Farah | first2=W. | last3=Paletou | first3=F.
| last4=Monier | first4=R. | last5=Watson | first5=V.
| volume=589 | pages=A83 | year=2016
| doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201528052 | bibcode=2016A&A...589A..83G
| arxiv=1603.01146 | s2cid=118549566
| postscript=. }}</ref>

<ref name=Eggleton2008>{{citation
| last1=Eggleton | first1=P. P. | last2=Tokovinin | first2=A. A.
| title=A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems
| journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
| volume=389 | issue=2 | pages=869–879 | date=September 2008
| doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x | doi-access=free | bibcode=2008MNRAS.389..869E
| arxiv=0806.2878 | s2cid=14878976 | postscript=. }}</ref>

<ref name=cross>{{citation
| title=VizieR Online Data Catalog: HD-DM-GC-HR-HIP-Bayer-Flamsteed Cross Index (Kostjuk, 2002)
| journal=VizieR On-line Data Catalog: IV/27A. Originally Published in: Institute of Astronomy of Russian Academy of Sciences (2002)
| last1=Kostjuk | first1=N. D.
| volume=4027 | year=2004
| bibcode=2004yCat.4027....0K | postscript=. }}</ref>

<ref name=Hartkpof2006>{{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Hartkopf | first1=W. I. | last2=Mason | first2=B. D. | last3=Worley | first3=C. E. | title=Sixth Catalog of Orbits of Visual Binary Stars | publisher=United States Naval Observatory | date=June 30, 2006 | url=http://www.usno.navy.mil/USNO/astrometry/optical-IR-prod/wds/orb6 | access-date=2018-06-25 | postscript=. | archive-date=2017-08-01 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801102553/http://www.usno.navy.mil/USNO/astrometry/optical-IR-prod/wds/orb6 | url-status=dead }}</ref>

<ref name=David2015>{{citation
| last1=David | first1=Trevor J. | last2=Hillenbrand | first2=Lynne A.
| title=The Ages of Early-Type Stars: Strömgren Photometric Methods Calibrated, Validated, Tested, and Applied to Hosts and Prospective Hosts of Directly Imaged Exoplanets
| journal=The Astrophysical Journal
| volume=804 | issue=2 | pages=146 | year=2015
| bibcode=2015ApJ...804..146D | doi=10.1088/0004-637X/804/2/146
| arxiv=1501.03154 | s2cid=33401607 | postscript=. }}</ref>

<ref name=derosa2014>{{citation
| title=The VAST Survey - III. The multiplicity of A-type stars within 75 pc
| journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
| last1=De Rosa | first1=R. J. | last2=Patience | first2=J.
| last3=Wilson | first3=P. A. | last4=Schneider | first4=A.
| last5=Wiktorowicz | first5=S. J. | last6=Vigan | first6=A.
| last7=Marois | first7=C. | last8=Song | first8=I.
| last9=MacIntosh | first9=B. | last10=Graham | first10=J. R.
| last11=Doyon | first11=R. | last12=Bessell | first12=M. S.
| last13=Thomas | first13=S. | last14=Lai | first14=O.
| volume=437 | issue=2 | pages=1216 | year=2014
| bibcode=2014MNRAS.437.1216D | doi=10.1093/mnras/stt1932
| doi-access=free
| arxiv=1311.7141 | display-authors=1 | postscript=. }}</ref>


}}
}}
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{{Stars of Cassiopeia}}
{{Stars of Cassiopeia}}


[[Category:Cassiopeia (constellation)]]
[[Category:A-type subgiants]]
[[Category:Multiple star systems|4]]
[[Category:A-type main-sequence stars]]
[[Category:F-type main-sequence stars]]
[[Category:F-type main-sequence stars]]
[[Category:Spectroscopic binaries]]
[[Category:Spectroscopic binaries]]
[[Category:Multiple star systems|4]]
[[Category:Cassiopeia (constellation)]]
[[Category:Bayer objects|Cassiopeiae, A]]
[[Category:Bayer objects|Cassiopeiae, A]]
[[Category:Durchmusterung objects|BD+70 0153]]
[[Category:Flamsteed objects|Cassiopeiae, 48]]
[[Category:Flamsteed objects|Cassiopeiae, 48]]
[[Category:HR objects|0575]]
[[Category:Henry Draper Catalogue objects|012111]]
[[Category:Henry Draper Catalogue objects|012111]]
[[Category:Hipparcos objects|009480]]
[[Category:Hipparcos objects|009480]]
[[Category:Durchmusterung objects|BD+70 0153]]
[[Category:Bright Star Catalogue objects|0575]]

Latest revision as of 12:28, 22 August 2024

"A Cassiopeiae" redirects here. Not to be confused with α (alpha) Cassiopeiae.
48 Cassiopeiae
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Cassiopeia
Right ascension 02h 01m 57.45035s[1]
Declination +70° 54′ 25.2902″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 4.49[2]
Characteristics
Spectral type A3 Va[3] (A2 V + F2 V)[4]
B−V color index 0.164±0.008[2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−12.4[5] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −55.69[1] mas/yr
Dec.: −8.71[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)28.36 ± 0.44 mas[1]
Distance115 ± 2 ly
(35.3 ± 0.5 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)1.75[2]
Orbit[6]
Primary48 Cas A
Companion48 Cas B
Period (P)61.14±0.05 yr
Semi-major axis (a)0.614±0.002″
Eccentricity (e)0.355±0.001
Inclination (i)16.7±0.9°
Longitude of the node (Ω)48.2±3.2°
Periastron epoch (T)1964.35±0.09
Argument of periastron (ω)
(secondary)		19.5±3.6°
Details
48 Cas A
Mass1.93[7] M☉
Luminosity17.8+0.6
−1.2[8] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.47[9] cgs
Temperature8,538±290[9] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.4[5] dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)61[8] km/s
Age376[9] Myr
48 Cas B
Mass1.17[7] M☉
Other designations
A Cassiopeiae, 48 Cas, BD+70° 153, HD 12111, HIP 9480, HR 575, SAO 4554, ADS 1598, CCDM J02020+7054, WDS J02020+7054AB[10]
Database references
SIMBADdata

48 Cassiopeiae is a triple star[11][7] system in the northern constellation of Cassiopeia. It is visible to the naked eye with a combined apparent visual magnitude of 4.49.[2] With an annual parallax shift of 28.36±0.44 mas as seen from Earth's orbit, it is located approximately 115 light years away.[1] The system is moving closer with a heliocentric radial velocity of −12.4 km/s.[5]

The primary component, designated 48 Cassiopeiae A, is a white A-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of A2 V[4] and an apparent magnitude of +4.65.[12] It has a companion, component B, which is an F-type main-sequence star of class F2 V[4] and an apparent magnitude of +6.74.[12] This pair orbit around their common centre of mass once every 61.1 years.[6] They have a semimajor axis of 0.614 arcseconds and an eccentricity of 0.355.[6] A third companion, component C, is a magnitude 13.20[12] star located at an angular separation of 23.16 arcseconds as of 2014, or at least 816.5 AU away.[7]

48 Cassiopeiae also has the Bayer designation A Cassiopeiae, the only star with a Latin letter designation in the constellation.[13]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f van Leeuwen, F. (2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 474 (2): 653–664, arXiv:0708.1752, Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, S2CID 18759600.
  2. ^ a b c d Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012), "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation", Astronomy Letters, 38 (5): 331, arXiv:1108.4971, Bibcode:2012AstL...38..331A, doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015, S2CID 119257644.
  3. ^ Gray, R. O.; Garrison, R. F. (July 1989), "The Late A-Type Stars: Refined MK Classification, Confrontation with Stroemgren Photometry, and the Effects of Rotation", Astrophysical Journal Supplement, 70: 623, Bibcode:1989ApJS...70..623G, doi:10.1086/191349.
  4. ^ a b c Edwards, T. W. (1976), "MK classification for visual binary components", The Astronomical Journal, 81: 245, Bibcode:1976AJ.....81..245E, doi:10.1086/111879.
  5. ^ a b c Gebran, M.; et al. (2016), "A new method for the inversion of atmospheric parameters of A/Am stars", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 589: A83, arXiv:1603.01146, Bibcode:2016A&A...589A..83G, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201528052, S2CID 118549566.
  6. ^ a b c Hartkopf, W. I.; et al. (June 30, 2006), Sixth Catalog of Orbits of Visual Binary Stars, United States Naval Observatory, archived from the original on 2017-08-01, retrieved 2018-06-25.
  7. ^ a b c d De Rosa, R. J.; et al. (2014), "The VAST Survey - III. The multiplicity of A-type stars within 75 pc", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 437 (2): 1216, arXiv:1311.7141, Bibcode:2014MNRAS.437.1216D, doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1932.
  8. ^ a b Zorec, J.; Royer, F. (2012), "Rotational velocities of A-type stars. IV. Evolution of rotational velocities", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 537: A120, arXiv:1201.2052, Bibcode:2012A&A...537A.120Z, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117691, S2CID 55586789.
  9. ^ a b c David, Trevor J.; Hillenbrand, Lynne A. (2015), "The Ages of Early-Type Stars: Strömgren Photometric Methods Calibrated, Validated, Tested, and Applied to Hosts and Prospective Hosts of Directly Imaged Exoplanets", The Astrophysical Journal, 804 (2): 146, arXiv:1501.03154, Bibcode:2015ApJ...804..146D, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/804/2/146, S2CID 33401607.
  10. ^ "48 Cas". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2018-06-19.
  11. ^ Eggleton, P. P.; Tokovinin, A. A. (September 2008), "A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 389 (2): 869–879, arXiv:0806.2878, Bibcode:2008MNRAS.389..869E, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x, S2CID 14878976.
  12. ^ a b c Mason, B. D.; et al. (2014), "The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog", The Astronomical Journal, 122 (6): 3466, Bibcode:2001AJ....122.3466M, doi:10.1086/323920, retrieved 2015-07-22.
  13. ^ Kostjuk, N. D. (2004), "VizieR Online Data Catalog: HD-DM-GC-HR-HIP-Bayer-Flamsteed Cross Index (Kostjuk, 2002)", VizieR On-line Data Catalog: IV/27A. Originally Published in: Institute of Astronomy of Russian Academy of Sciences (2002), 4027, Bibcode:2004yCat.4027....0K.
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