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{{Short description|61st quadrennial U.S. presidential election}}
{{for|related races|2028 United States elections}}
{{Use American English|date=November 2024}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2024}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 2028 United States presidential election
| country = United States
| type = presidential
| opinion_polls = 
|  <!-- Please replace the "ongoing" parameter with the "college_voted" parameter set to "no" by election day, so that the heading "projected electoral vote" will be able to appear. -->
| previous_election = 2024 United States presidential election
| previous_year = 2024
| next_election = 2032 United States presidential election
| next_year = ''2032''
| election_date = November 7, 2028
| votes_for_election = 538 members of the [[United States Electoral College|Electoral College]]
| needed_votes = 270 electoral
| image_size = 200x200px
| image1 = 
| nominee1 = 
| party1 = Republican Party (United States)
| home_state1 = 
| running_mate1 = 
| electoral_vote1 = 
| states_carried1 = 
| popular_vote1 = 
| percentage1 = 
| image2 = 
| nominee2 = 
| party2 = Democratic Party (United States)
| home_state2 = 
| running_mate2 = 
| electoral_vote2 = 
| states_carried2 = 
| popular_vote2 = 
| percentage2 = 
| map_image = {{2028 United States presidential election imagemap}}
| map_size = 
| map_caption = 2028 electoral map, based on the results of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].
| title = President
| before_election = [[Donald Trump]] <!--He'll be in office, by then-->
| before_party = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| after_election = {{TBD|2028|11|8}}
| after_party = {{TBD|2028|11|8}}
}}

The '''2028 United States presidential election''' will be the 61st quadrennial [[United States presidential election|presidential election]], scheduled for Tuesday, November 7, 2028.<ref name="va">{{cite web |title=Election Planning Calendar |url=http://www.essex-virginia.org/UserFiles/Servers/Server_62876/File/Voter%20Registration/Election%20Planning%20Calendar%20Through%202024%20%28ESSEX%29.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160207003141/http://www.essex-virginia.org/UserFiles/Servers/Server_62876/File/Voter%20Registration/Election%20Planning%20Calendar%20Through%202024%20%28ESSEX%29.pdf |archive-date=February 7, 2016 |access-date=February 6, 2016|website=Essex-Virginia.org }}</ref> Voters will elect a [[President of the United States|president]] and [[Vice President of the United States|vice president]] to a term of four years. [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] president-elect [[Donald Trump]], elected in [[2016 United States presidential election|2016]] and [[2024 United States presidential election|2024]], is ineligible to seek re-election for a third term due to the term limits established by the 1951-ratified [[Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution|Twenty-second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution]].<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Jones |first1=Erin |last2=Loe |first2=Megan |date=November 6, 2024 |title=No, Donald Trump cannot run for president again in 2028 |url=https://www.kgw.com/article/news/verify/no-donald-trump-cannot-run-for-president-again-in-2028/536-e52f5a11-f19a-43df-86b3-8cfd5338a79a |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241108152621/https://www.kgw.com/article/news/verify/no-donald-trump-cannot-run-for-president-again-in-2028/536-e52f5a11-f19a-43df-86b3-8cfd5338a79a |archive-date=November 8, 2024 |website=KGW}}</ref> He is the first president elected non-consecutively to be limited by the Twenty-second Amendment, as it did not yet exist when [[Grover Cleveland]], the only president before him to have served two non-consecutive terms, was elected a second time in [[1892 United States presidential election|1892]]. 

After winning the 2016 and losing the [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 U.S. presidential election]]s, Trump launched a [[Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign|campaign]] for a second non-consecutive term, securing the Republican nomination and selecting U.S. Senator [[JD Vance]] as his running mate. Trump went on to win the 2024 presidential election against incumbent [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] vice president [[Kamala Harris]] and secure a second, non-consecutive term in office. His term is set to expire at noon on January 20, 2029, when the winners of the 2028 election will be inaugurated as the [[List of presidents of the United States|48th]] president and the [[List of vice presidents of the United States|51st]] vice president of the United States. 

As the [[vice president-elect of the United States]], Vance is considered a frontrunner for the Republican nomination for president, although Florida governor [[Ron DeSantis]] (who ran for the [[2024 Republican Party presidential primaries|nomination in 2024]]) is seen as a potential contender. On the Democratic side, Vice President Harris, outgoing Transportation Secretary [[Pete Buttigieg]] (who ran for the [[2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries|nomination in 2020]]), and governors [[Gavin Newsom]] (California), [[Josh Shapiro]] (Pennsylvania), and [[Gretchen Whitmer]] (Michigan) are considered potential contenders for the presidential nomination.

This presidential election will take place alongside [[2028 United States Senate elections|elections]] to the [[2028 United States Senate elections|U.S. Senate]] (34 seats), the [[2028 United States House of Representatives elections|U.S. House of Representatives]] (all 435 seats), and [[2028 United States gubernatorial elections|gubernatorial elections]] in 11 states and two territories, [[American Samoa]] and [[Puerto Rico]].

{{TOC limit|3}}

==Background==
{{See also|2024 United States presidential election}}
[[File:Donald Trump (53951824422) (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright|[[Donald Trump]], the incumbent president in 2028, whose second term ends at noon on January 20, 2029]]
The Republican Party, represented by Donald Trump and JD Vance, came to power in the United States following the 2024 election. Trump, who was elected president in 2016 but lost a re-election bid in 2020 to [[Joe Biden]], defeated vice president [[Kamala Harris]], who began [[Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign|her campaign]] following [[Biden's exit from the 2024 election]]. Trump's victory was credited to a [[2021–2023 inflation surge in the United States|surge in inflation]] and an [[Mexico–United States border crisis|immigration crisis]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/06/us/politics/trump-wins-presidency.html |title=Donald Trump Returns to Power, Ushering in New Era of Uncertainty |date=November 6, 2024 |last1=Goldmacher |first1=Shane |last2=Lerer |first2=Lisa |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> Republicans secured control of the [[United States Senate|Senate]] and the [[United States House of Representatives|House]] majority, although several House races have not been called as of November 15.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/elections/2024/11/10/uncalled-house-races-2024-election-results/ |title=Republicans inch toward 'trifecta' control of House, Senate, White House |date=November 12, 2024 |last1=Sotomayor |first1=Marianna |last2=Vazquez |first2=Maegan |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=November 14, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Quinn |first=Melissa |date=2024-11-14 |title=These 7 House seats are still undecided, with 2024 results outstanding a week after Election Day|work =CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/house-results-2024-seats-undecided/ |access-date=2024-11-15 |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Electoral system==
The president and vice president of the United States are elected through the [[United States Electoral College|Electoral College]], a group of 538 presidential electors who convene to vote for the president and vice president. The number of electors in the Electoral College is determined through the total number of [[United States Senate|senators]] and [[United States House of Representatives|representatives]] with an additional three representatives for [[Washington, D.C.]]. Electors cast votes for the president and vice president; the winner is elected through a majority of 270 votes. If the election ends in a tie, a [[contingent election]] occurs, in which the House of Representatives votes on the president and the Senate votes on the vice president. Forty-eight states use a [[winner-take-all system]] in which states award all of their electors to the winner of the popular vote. In [[Maine]] and [[Nebraska]], two votes are allocated to the winner of the popular vote, while each of the individual congressional districts have one vote. Electoral votes are certified by state electors in December and by [[United States Congress|Congress]] on January 6.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/02/us/politics/what-is-the-electoral-college.html |title=What to Know About the Electoral College |date=November 2, 2024 |last=Hassan |first=Adeel |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref>

Presidential candidates are selected in a [[United States presidential primary|presidential primary]], conducted through [[Primary elections in the United States|primary elections]] or [[Caucus#Caucuses to select election candidates|caucuses]]. The results of primary elections, ran by state governments, and caucuses, ran by state parties, bind convention delegates to candidates. The [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] mandates a proportional allocation if a candidate receives at least fifteen percent in a given congressional district, while the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] gives state parties the authority to allocate all of the delegates to a candidate within the "proportionality window", set by the first two weeks of March. After the window, state parties may set individual rules.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2015/05/12/everything-you-need-to-know-about-how-the-presidential-primary-works/ |title=Everything you need to know about how the presidential primary works |date=May 12, 2015 |last=Putnam |first=Josh |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> A [[brokered convention]] occurs when a candidate does not receive a majority of votes on the first round of voting,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/27/us/politics/brokered-democratic-convention.html |title=A Brokered Convention? Here's What's Happened Before |date=February 27, 2020 |last=Cramer |first=Maria |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> or when a candidate withdraws.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/nexstar_media_wire/4784607-after-biden-drops-out-of-2024-race-does-kamala-harris-become-the-democratic-nominee-not-exactly/ |title=After Biden drops out of 2024 race, does Kamala Harris become the Democratic nominee? Not exactly |date=July 21, 2024 |last=Bink |first=Addy |work=[[The Hill (magazine)|The Hill]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref>

[[Article Two of the United States Constitution|Article Two]] of the [[United States Constitution]] states that for a person to serve as president, the individual must be a [[Natural-born-citizen clause (United States)|natural-born citizen of the United States]], be at least 35 years of age, and have been a United States resident for at least 14 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 2nd Article of the U.S. Constitution |url=https://constitutioncenter.org/the-constitution/articles/article-ii |access-date=November 8, 2024 |website=National Constitution Center – constitutioncenter.org |language=en}}</ref> The [[Twenty-second Amendment]] forbids any person from being elected president more than twice.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 22nd Amendment of the U.S. Constitution |url=https://constitutioncenter.org/the-constitution/amendments/amendment-xxii |access-date=November 8, 2024 |website=National Constitution Center |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Zhou |first=Li |date=November 8, 2024 |title=Can Trump run again in 2028? Here's what you need to know. |url=https://www.vox.com/politics/383616/trump-third-term-constitution-22nd-amendment |access-date=November 13, 2024 |website=Vox |language=en-US}}</ref>

===Electoral map===
{{Main|Red states and blue states}}
[[File:2020_Cook_PVI.svg|thumb|This map shows how partisan states are by the [[Cook Partisan Voting Index]]. Swing states are the states in lighter colors.]] 
Most U.S. states are not highly competitive in presidential elections, often voting consistently for the same party due to longstanding demographic differences. In the Electoral College, this results in major-party candidates primarily focusing their campaigns on [[swing states]], which can swing between parties from election to election. These states are critical for a presidential candidate's path to victory. For 2028, the expected swing states likely include the [[Rust Belt]] states of [[Pennsylvania]], [[Wisconsin]], and [[Michigan]], as well as the [[Sun Belt]] states of [[Arizona]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], [[Nevada]], and [[North Carolina]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.history.com/news/swing-states-presidential-elections|title=What Are Swing States and Why Are They Critical in US Elections?|last=Rotondi|first=Jessica Pearce|date=January 3, 2024|website=History|access-date=November 13, 2024}}</ref> all of which were narrowly won by Trump in 2024.<ref>{{cite web |last=Mallinson |first=Daniel J. |date=November 7, 2024 |title=How Trump won Pennsylvania − and what the numbers from key counties show about the future of a pivotal swing state |url=https://theconversation.com/how-trump-won-pennsylvania-and-what-the-numbers-from-key-counties-show-about-the-future-of-a-pivotal-swing-state-243127 |access-date=November 13, 2024 |website=The Conversation}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Wolf |first=Zachary B. |date=November 9, 2024 |title=Analysis: Trump's win was real but not a landslide. Here's where it ranks  |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/11/09/politics/donald-trump-election-what-matters/index.html |access-date=November 13, 2024 |website=CNN }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Sedghi |first=Amy |date=November 10, 2024 |title=Trump wins Arizona to clinch sweep of seven battleground states |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/nov/10/trump-wins-arizona-completing-sweep-of-all-seven-battleground-states-ap-reports |access-date=November 13, 2024 |work=The Guardian |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Newsweek has also suggested that [[Minnesota]], [[New Hampshire]], [[New Jersey]], [[New Mexico]] and [[Virginia]] could become swing states.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=Martha McHardy US News |date=November 7, 2024 |title=Donald Trump just created five new swing states for 2028 |url=https://www.newsweek.com/donald-trump-swing-states-2028-election-1982240 |access-date=November 13, 2024 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> [[The Star Tribune]] also reported that the close margin in Minnesota would make it specifically a very likely swing state.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.startribune.com/ramstad-minnesota-will-be-a-swing-state-in-2028/601179983|title=Ramstad: Minnesota will be a swing state in the 2028 election|first=Evan|last=Ramstad|date=November 13, 2024|website=www.startribune.com}}</ref>

Red states, also known as the [[Red wall (US politics)|red wall or red sea]], are states that consistently vote [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] at the national level. The red wall has rarely been broken, as these states almost never swing. The last significant breach of the red wall occurred in the [[1992 United States presidential election]]. Formerly considered swing states, such as [[Florida]], [[Iowa]], and [[Ohio]], voted for Trump in all three of his elections, with increasing margins in each election that suggest that they are no longer swing states.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kondik |first1=Kyle |title=No, Ohio Is Not in Play |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/08/29/forget-about-ohio-its-fools-gold-00113224 |access-date=November 8, 2024 |date=August 29, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Bischoff |first1=Laura A. |title=What's the future for Ohio Democrats after huge election losses? |url=https://eu.dispatch.com/story/news/politics/state/2024/11/08/gop-scores-huge-wins-in-ohio-whats-next-for-democrats/75368161007/ |access-date=November 8, 2024 |work=[[The Columbus Dispatch]] |date=November 8, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Kephart |first1=Tim |title=Florida joins the rest of the Deep South as a Republican stronghold |url=https://www.abcactionnews.com/news/state/florida-joins-the-rest-of-the-deep-south-as-a-republican-stronghold |access-date=November 8, 2024 |work=ABC Action News |date=November 6, 2024}}</ref> Blue states are states that consistently vote [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] at the national level. The blue states in 2024 include what is sometimes called the [[blue wall (U.S. politics)|blue wall]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/kamala-harris-donald-trump-blue-wall-campaign-081a71ffb0cd15f5e48b92640aa94447|title=The Latest: Harris keeps a focus on 'blue wall' states in the campaign's final weeks|date=October 17, 2024|website=AP News}}</ref> as well as [[Colorado]], [[New Hampshire]], [[New Mexico]], and [[Virginia]], formerly swing states have become reliably blue since 2008.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mejia |first1=Elena |last2=Skelley |first2=Geoffrey |title=How The 2020 Election Changed The Electoral Map |date=December 8, 2020 |url=https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/2020-swing-states/ |access-date=March 19, 2021 |archive-date=April 14, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220414215627/https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/2020-swing-states/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Due to its recent record of voting Democratic even during Republican national wins, [[Nebraska's 2nd congressional district]] is also sometimes considered blue.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/20/us/politics/nebraska-trump-electoral-vote.html |title=How One Man's Vote in Nebraska Could Change the Presidential Election Reid J. Epstein|first1=Jonathan |last1=Weisman |first2=Reid J. |last2=Epstein |newspaper=The New York Times |date=September 21, 2024 }}</ref>

== Republican Party ==

=== Potential candidates ===
<!-- **************************
***Potential candidates must have at least TWO separate references from reliable sources from the past six months. 
***Sources should provide substantive discussion of individuals, not a "kitchen sink" listing of numerous people.
*******************************-->
''Individuals listed below have been mentioned as potential 2028 presidential candidates in at least two reliable media sources in the last six months.''
{{Gallery
| title        = Potential Republican candidates
| align        = center
| footer       =
| style        =
| state        =
| mode         = packed
| height       = 160
| width        = 160
| captionstyle =
|File:Ron DeSantis official photo (cropped).jpg|{{center|[[Governor of Florida|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Ron DeSantis]]'''<br/> of [[Florida]]<br>(2019–present)}}
|File:Senator Vance official portrait. 118th Congress (cropped 2).jpg|{{center|[[Vice president-elect of the United States|Vice president-elect]]<br/> '''[[JD Vance]]'''<br/> from [[Ohio]]}}
|File:Glenn Youngkin in September 2021.jpg|{{center|[[Governor of Virginia|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Glenn Youngkin]]'''<br/> of [[Virginia]]<br>(2022–present)}}
}}

====Ron DeSantis====
Ron DeSantis has served as the governor of [[Florida]] since 2019. DeSantis has demonstrated a potential for being a candidate in the 2028 presidential primaries, stating that Trump voters in [[Iowa]] told him that they would vote for him in 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/19/us/politics/desantis-2024-race-trump.html |title=Ron DeSantis Is Quietly Starting to Build His Off-Ramp From 2024 |date=January 19, 2024 |last=Nehamas |first=Nicholas |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=March 8, 2024}}</ref> He appeared in a debate with [[California]] governor Gavin Newsom in November 2023, in what was viewed by [[NBC News]] as a precursor to a 2028 presidential bid.<ref name="NBCDebate">{{Cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/gavin-newsom-ron-desantis-battle-presidency-2024-2028-election-rcna126738 |title=Gavin Newsom and Ron DeSantis battle for the presidency — in one election or the next |date=November 30, 2023 |last=Allen |first=Jonathan |publisher=[[NBC News]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref>

====JD Vance====
JD Vance has served as a senator of [[Ohio]] since 2023 and is the [[Vice President-elect of the United States|vice president-elect]] after winning the 2024 election as Trump's running mate. Vance is the frontrunner in the primary election, according to ''[[The New York Times]]''{{'}}s [[Nate Cohn]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/16/upshot/vance-trump-vice-president.html |title=How Will Vance Affect the Race? Look at 2028, Not 2024. |date=July 16, 2024 |last=Cohn |first=Nate |author-link=Nate Cohn |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> and the "[[MAGA]] heir-apparent" according to ''[[USA Today]]'',<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2024/07/17/jd-vance-is-now-the-maga-heir-apparent-and-a-favorite-for-2028/74411365007/ |title=JD Vance is now the MAGA heir-apparent. Does that make him the front-runner for 2028? |date=July 17, 2024 |last=Pfannenstiel |first=Brianne |work=[[USA Today]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> as well as ''[[The Columbus Dispatch]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.dispatch.com/story/news/politics/elections/2024/10/04/jd-vance-vp-debate-2028/75478076007/ |title=After VP debate, JD Vance cements status as MAGA heir apparent in 2028 |date=October 4, 2024 |last=BeMiller |first=Haley |work=[[The Columbus Dispatch]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> ''[[The Hill (magazine)|The Hill]]'' stated that Vance's debate performance against [[Minnesota]] governor [[Tim Walz]] in October 2024 improved his status as a presidential contender.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/4912457-jd-vance-debate-2028-white-house/ |title=Debate performance gives Vance 2028 White House boost |date=October 3, 2024 |last=Weaver |first=Al |work=[[The Hill (magazine)|The Hill]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref>

====Glenn Youngkin====
Glenn Youngkin has served as the governor of [[Virginia]] since 2022. Youngkin has been reported as a possible candidate by ''[[Politico]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2024/06/16/glenn-youngkin-gop-00163551 |title= What Happened to Glenn Youngkin? |date=June 12, 2024 |last=Martin |first=Jonathan |work=[[Politico]] |access-date=November 12, 2024}}</ref> According to ''[[The Washington Post]]'', he is "appearing to lay the groundwork" for a 2028 presidential bid.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2024/07/16/youngkin-virginia-2028/ |title=After last-minute VP frenzy, Youngkin seems to lay groundwork for 2028 |date=July 16, 2024 |last=Vozzella |first=Laura |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=November 12, 2024}}</ref>

==Democratic Party==

=== Potential candidates ===
<!-- **************************
***Potential candidates must have at least TWO separate references from reliable sources from the past six months. 
***Sources should provide substantive discussion of individuals, not a "kitchen sink" listing of numerous people.
*******************************-->
''Individuals listed below have been mentioned as potential 2028 presidential candidates in at least two reliable media sources in the last six months.''

{{Gallery
| title        = Potential Democratic candidates
| align        = center
| footer       =
| style        =
| state        =
| mode         = packed
| height       = 160
| width        = 160
| captionstyle =
|File:Kamala Harris Vice Presidential Portrait (cropped).jpg|{{center|[[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]]<br>'''[[Kamala Harris]]'''<br>from [[California]]<br>(2021–present)}}
|File:Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Official Portrait.jpg|{{center|[[House of Representative|Congressional Representative]]<br>'''[[Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez]]'''<br>of [[New York (state)|New York]]<br>(2019–present)}}
|File:Newsom April 2024 (cropped2).jpg|{{center|[[Governor of California|Governor]]<br>'''[[Gavin Newsom]]'''<br>of [[California]]<br>(2019–present)}}
|File:J.B. Pritzker April 2023.jpg|{{center|[[Governor of Illinois|Governor]]<br>'''[[J. B. Pritzker]]'''<br>of [[Illinois]]<br>(2019–present)}}
|File:Josh Shapiro 2022 (cropped).jpg|{{center|[[Governor of Pennsylvania|Governor]]<br>'''[[Josh Shapiro]]'''<br>of [[Pennsylvania]]<br>(2023–present)}}
|File:8R4A9872_(53367444225)_(Whitmer1).jpg|{{center|[[Governor of Michigan|Governor]]<br>'''[[Gretchen Whitmer]]'''<br>of [[Michigan]]<br>(2019–present)}}
}}

====Kamala Harris====
Kamala Harris has served as the vice president of the United States since 2021 and became the nominee for president in the [[2024 U.S. presidential election|2024 U.S presidential election]] after president [[Joe Biden]] dropped out of the race on July 21, 2024. She ended up losing the election to [[Donald Trump]].<ref name="NYTimesHarrisOptions">{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/07/us/politics/kamala-harris-2028-run-for-president.html |title=What's Next for Kamala Harris? Here Are Six Options. |date=November 7, 2024 |last1=Epstein |first1=Reid |last2=Rogers |first2=Katie |last3=Green |first3=Eric |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> Harris, who has the largest donor network in the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]], could run for president in 2028 according to ''[[The New York Times]]'',<ref name="NYTimesHarrisOptions"/> as well as ''[[Politico]]'',<ref name="PoliticoMovesSink">{{Cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/11/11/2028-shadow-primary-underway-democratic-00188626 |title=Who will lead Democrats in 2028? Meet the leaders positioning themselves to make moves. |date=November 11, 2024 |last1=Wren |first1=Adam |last2=Cadelago |first2=Christopher |last3=Kashinsky |first3=Lisa |last4=Otterbein |first4=Holly |last5=Schneider |first5=Elena |work=[[Politico]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> although her loss in the previous election could potentially give her a disadvantage.<ref name="NYTimesHarrisOptions"/> According to ''[[USA Today]]'', Harris intended to run in 2028 before [[withdrawal of Biden|Biden withdrew]] from the 2024 election and endorsed Harris.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2024/11/07/why-kamala-harris-campaign-failed/75961792007/ |title=Burdened by what had been: Kamala Harris couldn't convince voters |date=November 7, 2024 |last=Chambers |first=Francesca |work=[[USA Today]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref>

====Gavin Newsom====
Gavin Newsom has served as the governor of [[California]] since 2019. Newsom has been viewed as a contender for the 2028 presidential election by ''Politico''<ref name="PoliticoMovesSink"/> and ''[[The Washington Post]]'' after he garnered national attention by December 2023,<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/11/30/gavin-newsom-presidential-race-2028/ |title=Gavin Newsom 2028? His early moves offer a potential glimpse. |date=December 1, 2023 |last=Reston |first=Maeve |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> and he was seen as a potential replacement for Biden after his withdrawal from the 2024 election by ''The New York Times''.<ref name="NYTimesTicket">{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/article/joe-biden-democrats-nomination-gavin-newsom-whitmer.html |title=Who Will Replace Biden at the Top of the Ticket? |date=June 28, 2024 |last1=Cameron |first1=Chris |last2=Nagourney |first2=Adam |author-link2=Adam Nagourney |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> According to ''The New York Times'', Newsom was considering a bid for the presidency by September 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/28/us/politics/newsom-president-biden.html |title=Newsom Is in the Spin Room to Pump Up Biden, and Maybe Himself |date=September 28, 2023 |last=Nagourney |first=Adam |author-link=Adam Nagourney |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> In November 2023, he appeared in a debate with Florida governor Ron DeSantis, in an event that was viewed as a precursor to a presidential bid by [[NBC News]].<ref name="NBCDebate"/> According to ''[[Axios (website)|Axios]]'', Newsom and [[J. B. Pritzker]] donated to [[Charleston, South Carolina]] mayoral candidate Clay Middleton, signaling a presidential ambition.<ref name="AxiosCheck">{{Cite web |url=https://www.axios.com/2023/11/06/newsom-pritzker-south-carolina-elections |title=Newsom, Pritzker signal White House ambitions in donations to S. Carolina candidate |date=November 6, 2023 |last=Thompson |first=Alex |work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref>

====Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez====
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, who is a resident of the Bronx, NY, was elected to the House of Representatives in 2018 in an upset victory at the age of 28. She just turned 35 years old. She appeals to younger voters.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2024/11/2028-democrats-presidential-primary-election-aoc-ocasio-cortez.html|title=Why Not AOC?|first=Ben|last=Mathis-Lilley|date=November 13, 2024|work=Slate}}</ref> She has been mentioned as a potential presidential candidate by Newsweek.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Cameron |first=Hugh |title=After Harris' Concession Speech, Who Will Be America's First Woman President? |url=https://www.newsweek.com/america-first-female-president-2028-candidates-1978555 |work=Newsweek|date=November 6, 2024|accessdate=November 15, 2024}}</ref>

====J. B. Pritzker====
[[J. B. Pritzker]] has served as the governor of [[Illinois]] since 2019. Pritzker has privately discussed running in 2028, according to the ''[[Chicago Sun-Times]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://chicago.suntimes.com/elections/2024/11/08/pritzker-presidential-run-2028-donald-trump-project-2025 |title=JB Pritzker studies Project 2025 and Trump, ponders his own political future |date=November 8, 2024 |last=Sfondeles |first=Tina |work=[[Chicago Sun-Times]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> With Newsom, he donated to Middleton.<ref name="AxiosCheck"/>

====Josh Shapiro====
Josh Shapiro has served as the governor of [[Pennsylvania]] since 2023. Shapiro has been seen as a critical figure in Pennsylvania by Democratic strategists and officials, according to ''Politico'',<ref name="PoliticoMovesSink"/> as a politician who could garner votes from white working-class voters, according to [[CNN]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/11/10/politics/democrats-election-party-future-voters/index.html |title=Still-stunned Democrats begin to squint toward their future |date=November 10, 2024 |last=Dovere |first=Edward-Isaac |publisher=[[CNN]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> He was said to be a front-runner in the primary by ''[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.inquirer.com/politics/election/josh-shapiro-2028-presidential-election-frontrunner-20241107.html |title=Welcome to the 2028 presidential election cycle, where Pa. Gov. Josh Shapiro is a front-runner |date=November 7, 2024 |last=McGoldrick |first=Gilliam |work=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> According to ''The New York Times'', Shapiro was seen as a potential replacement for Biden.<ref name="NYTimesTicket"/>

====Gretchen Whitmer====
Gretchen Whitmer has served as the governor of [[Michigan]] since 2019. Whitmer has been discussed as a contender in 2028, although she distanced herself from speculation in an interview with [[Lulu Garcia-Navarro]] of ''[[The New York Times Magazine]]'' in June 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/22/magazine/gretchen-whitmer-interview.html |title=Gretchen Whitmer Wants a Gen X President — in 2028 |date=June 22, 2024 |last=Garcia-Navarro |first=Lulu |author-link=Lulu Garcia-Navarro |work=[[The New York Times Magazine]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> She disavowed a movement to replace Biden.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2024/07/01/whitmer-biden-democrats-2028-00165995 |title=Whitmer Disavows 'Draft Gretch' Movement — and Delivers A Warning to Biden |date=July 1, 2024 |last=Martin |first=Jonathan |work=[[Politico]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref>

== Opinion polling ==
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-datatable" style="font-size:90%;text-align:center;"
|- valign="bottom" style="font-size:90%;"
! Poll source
! Date(s) administered
! Sample size{{Efn|name="Key"}}
! Tucker<br />Carlson
! Ron<br />DeSantis
! Nikki<br />Haley
! Vivek<br />Ramaswamy
! JD<br />Vance
! Other/<br />Undecided
|-
|-style="background:lightyellow;"
| style="border-right-style:hidden; background:lightyellow;" |
| style="border-right-style:hidden; " |November 5, 2024
| colspan="8" | '''[[2024 United States presidential election]]''' held.
|-
|[https://echeloninsights.com/in-the-news/july2024-verified-voter-omnibus-2-2-2-2/ Echelon Insights]
|July 19–21, 2024
|982 (RV)
|–
|14%
|9%
|10%
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |'''25%'''
|16%{{efn|Ted Cruz with 4%; Sarah Huckabee Sanders with 3%; Josh Hawley, Marco Rubio, and Tim Scott with 2%; Katie Britt, Byron Donalds, and Glenn Youngkin with 1%; Undecided with 21%}}
|-
|[https://x.com/Politics_Polls/status/1749632663122505993?s=20 Echelon Insights]
|January 16–18, 2024
|832 (RV)
|6%
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |'''27%'''
|19%
|18%
|1%
|29%{{efn|Greg Abbott with 3%; Kari Lake and Glenn Youngkin with 2%; Tom Cotton, Byron Donalds, Josh Hawley, Brian Kemp, and Elise Stefanik with 1%; Katie Britt with 0%; Undecided with 17%}}
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable mw-datatable" style="font-size:90%;text-align:center;"
|- valign="bottom" style="font-size:90%;"
! Poll source
! Date(s) administered
! Sample size{{efn|name="Key"|Key:<br />A – all adults<br />RV – registered voters<br />LV – likely voters<br />V – unclear}}
! Pete<br />Buttigieg
! Kamala<br />Harris
! Gavin<br />Newsom
! Other/<br />Undecided
|-
|- style="background:lightyellow;"
| style="border-right-style:hidden; background:lightyellow;" |
| style="border-right-style:hidden; " |November 5, 2024
| colspan="9" | '''[[2024 United States presidential election]]''' held.
|-
|[https://www.politico.com/f/?id=0000018f-f8f8-d844-a1ff-fffed00f0000 Morning Consult/Politico]
|May 28–29, 2024
|3,997 (RV)
|10%
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |'''21%'''
|10%
|11%{{efn|Mark Kelly and Gretchen Whitmer with 4%; Josh Shapiro with 3%; "Don't know/No opinion" with 41% and "Someone else" with 7%}}
|-
|[https://x.com/Politics_Polls/status/1749182192796811384?s=20 Echelon Insights]
|January 16–18, 2024
|499 (RV)
|13%
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |'''33%'''
|11%
|43%{{efn|J. B. Pritzker and Gretchen Whitmer with 3%; John Fetterman, Josh Shapiro, and Raphael Warnock with 2%; Andy Beshear and Wes Moore with 1%; Undecided with 29%}}
|-
|}

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{United States presidential elections}}
{{Subject bar|q=yes}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:2028 United States presidential election| ]]
[[Category:November 2028 events in the United States|United States presidential election, 2028]]
[[Category:Second presidency of Donald Trump]]

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