[go: up one dir, main page]
Jump to content

(528219) 2008 KV42: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Unofficial name.
Orbit update (extended arc); updated citations
Line 12: Line 12:
| discovery_site = [[Mauna Kea Observatories|Mauna Kea Obs.]]
| discovery_site = [[Mauna Kea Observatories|Mauna Kea Obs.]]
| mpc_name = {{mp|2008 KV|42}}
| mpc_name = {{mp|2008 KV|42}}
| alt_names =
| alt_names = Drac
| pronounced =
| pronounced =
| named_after =
| named_after =
| mp_category = [[Distant minor planet|Distant]]<ref name="MPC-object" />{{·}}[[Trans-Neptunian object|TNO]]<ref name="jpldata" /><br>[[Centaur (minor planet)|Centaur]] {{small|([[Deep Ecliptic Survey|DES]])}}<ref name="Buie" /><br>[[Damocloid]] {{small|(outer)}}<ref name="Nakamura-Damocloid-list" />
| mp_category = [[Distant minor planet|Distant]]<ref name="MPC-object" />{{·}}[[Trans-Neptunian object|TNO]]<ref name="jpldata" /><br>[[Centaur (minor planet)|Centaur]] {{small|([[Deep Ecliptic Survey|DES]])}}<ref name="Buie" /><br>[[Damocloid]] {{small|(outer)}}<ref name="Nakamura-Damocloid-list" />
| orbit_ref = &thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
| orbit_ref = &thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
| epoch = 23 March 2018 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2458200.5)
| epoch = 27 April 2019 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2458600.5)
| uncertainty = 4
| uncertainty = 3
| observation_arc = {{nowrap|5.35 yr (1,954 days)}}
| observation_arc = {{nowrap|9.86 yr (3,601 days)}}
| aphelion = 61.899 [[Astronomical unit|AU]]
| aphelion = 62.235 [[Astronomical unit|AU]]
| perihelion = 21.108 AU
| perihelion = 21.121 AU
| semimajor = 41.503 AU
| semimajor = 41.678 AU
| eccentricity = 0.4914
| eccentricity = 0.4932
| period = 267.38 [[Julian year (astronomy)|yr]] (97,662 days)
| period = 269.07 [[Julian year (astronomy)|yr]] (98,279 days)
| mean_anomaly = 336.25[[Degree (angle)|°]]
| mean_anomaly = 337.93[[Degree (angle)|°]]
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.0037|sup=ms}} / day
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.0037|sup=ms}} / day
| inclination = 103.40°
| inclination = 103.40°
| asc_node = 260.87°
| asc_node = 260.85°
| arg_peri = 133.19°
| arg_peri = 133.00°
| uranus_moid = 4.24 AU<ref name="MPC-object"/>
| uranus_moid = 4.24 AU<ref name="MPC-object"/>
| dimensions = 50<ref name=cfeps1/>–90 km<ref name="h" />
| dimensions = 50<ref name=cfeps1/>–90 km<ref name="h" />
Line 35: Line 35:
| albedo =
| albedo =
| spectral_type =
| spectral_type =
| magnitude = 23.3<ref name="Astdys eph">{{cite web|url=http://hamilton.dm.unipi.it/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.3.0&n=2008%20KV42|title=2008KV42 ephemeris|publisher=Universita di Pisa|accessdate=2018-03-30}}</ref>
| magnitude = 23.2<ref name="Astdys eph">{{cite web|url=http://hamilton.dm.unipi.it/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.3.0&n=2008%20KV42|title=2008KV42 ephemeris|publisher=Universita di Pisa|accessdate=20 December 2018}}</ref>
| abs_magnitude = 8.8<ref name="jpldata" />
| abs_magnitude = 8.8<ref name="jpldata" />
}}
}}


'''{{mp|2008 KV|42}}''' (nicknamed ''Drac'') is the first [[trans-Neptunian object]] (TNO) with a [[Retrograde and prograde motion|retrograde orbit]] to be discovered. Its 103° [[inclination]] and its retrograde motion suggest that it is the missing link between its source in the [[Hills cloud]] and [[Halley's Comet|Halley-type]] [[comet]]s, thus providing further insight into the evolution of the outer [[Solar System]]. The object measures no more than 90&nbsp;km across and with a [[semi-major axis]] of 41 AU takes about 267 years to complete an orbit around the [[Sun]].
'''{{mp|2008 KV|42}}''' (nicknamed ''Drac'') is the first [[trans-Neptunian object]] (TNO) with a [[Retrograde and prograde motion|retrograde orbit]] to be discovered. Its 103° [[inclination]] and its retrograde motion suggest that it is the missing link between its source in the [[Hills cloud]] and [[Halley's Comet|Halley-type]] [[comet]]s, thus providing further insight into the evolution of the outer [[Solar System]]. The object measures no more than 90&nbsp;km across and with a [[semi-major axis]] of 42 AU takes about 269 years to complete an orbit around the [[Sun]].


The discovery was announced on July 16, 2008, by the [[Canada–France Ecliptic Plane Survey]] team led by [[Brett Gladman]]. An official name has not been chosen because the object has not been [[Minor planet designation|numbered]]; the discovery team nicknamed {{mp|2008 KV|42}} "Drac" after [[Count Dracula]].
The discovery was announced on July 16, 2008, by the [[Canada–France Ecliptic Plane Survey]] team led by [[Brett Gladman]]. An official name has not been chosen because the object has not been [[Minor planet designation|numbered]]; the discovery team nicknamed {{mp|2008 KV|42}} "Drac" after [[Count Dracula]].
Line 49: Line 49:


== Orbit ==
== Orbit ==
{{mp|2008 KV|42}} is the first [[trans-Neptunian object]] (TNO) with a [[Retrograde and prograde motion|retrograde orbit]] to be discovered. With a [[semi-major axis]] of 41.5 [[astronomical unit|AU]],<ref name="jpldata" /> it was discovered while at a distance of 32 AU and has a [[perihelion]] at roughly the distance of [[Uranus]].<ref name=cfeps2/>
{{mp|2008 KV|42}} is the first [[trans-Neptunian object]] (TNO) with a [[Retrograde and prograde motion|retrograde orbit]] to be discovered. With a [[semi-major axis]] of 41.7 [[astronomical unit|AU]],<ref name="jpldata" /> it was discovered while at a distance of 32 AU and has a [[perihelion]] at roughly the distance of [[Uranus]].<ref name=cfeps2/>


The object's 104-degree [[inclination]] makes its almost perpendicular to the [[ecliptic]], and is, as of July 2017, one of only six objects known to have inclination (i) > 60° and perihelion (q) > 15 AU. The other six<ref name=mpc-15/><ref name=jpl-search/> are: [[2002 XU93|{{mp|2002 XU|93}}]],<ref>[https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2002%20XU93 2002 XU93], ssd.jpl.nasa.gov</ref> [[2007 BP102|{{mp|2007 BP|102}}]],<ref>[https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2007%20BP102 2007 BP102], ssd.jpl.nasa.gov</ref> [[2010 WG9|{{mp|2010 WG|9}}]],<ref>[https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2010%20WG9 2010 WG9], ssd.jpl.nasa.gov</ref> [[2011 KT19|{{mp|2011 KT|19}}]],<ref>[https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=471325 2011 KT19], ssd.jpl.nasa.gov</ref> [[2014 LM28|{{mp|2014 LM|28}}]].<ref>[https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2014%20LM28 2014 LM28], ssd.jpl.nasa.gov</ref>
The object's 103-degree [[inclination]] makes its almost perpendicular to the [[ecliptic]], and is, as of July 2017, one of only six objects known to have inclination (i) > 60° and perihelion (q) > 15 AU. The other six<ref name=mpc-15/><ref name=jpl-search/> are: [[2002 XU93|{{mp|2002 XU|93}}]],<ref>[https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2002%20XU93 2002 XU93], ssd.jpl.nasa.gov</ref> [[2007 BP102|{{mp|2007 BP|102}}]],<ref>[https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2007%20BP102 2007 BP102], ssd.jpl.nasa.gov</ref> [[2010 WG9|{{mp|2010 WG|9}}]],<ref>[https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2010%20WG9 2010 WG9], ssd.jpl.nasa.gov</ref> [[2011 KT19|{{mp|2011 KT|19}}]],<ref>[https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=471325 2011 KT19], ssd.jpl.nasa.gov</ref> [[2014 LM28|{{mp|2014 LM|28}}]].<ref>[https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2014%20LM28 2014 LM28], ssd.jpl.nasa.gov</ref>


Its unusual orbit suggests that {{mp|2008 KV|42}} may have been perturbed inwards from its source, most likely in the [[Hills cloud]], by an unknown gravitational disturbance. Its discovery may reveal the source regions for Halley-type comets which also have an retrograde orbit, but their origin remains unknown. {{mp|2008 KV|42}} itself is believed to be in an intermediate stage towards becoming a comet, thus helping to further explain the [[formation and evolution of the Solar System|formation and evolution of the outer Solar System]].<ref name=cfeps1>{{cite web |url= http://www.cfeps.net/KV42_Press.html|title= Discovery of the retrograde trans-neptunian object {{mp|2008 KV|42}}|date= 2008|website=cfeps.net |publisher=Canada France Ecliptic Plane Survey |accessdate=23 July 2014}}</ref><ref name=nrc>{{cite web|url=http://archive.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/news/hia/2008/09/04/asteroid-2008kv42.html|title=Announcements – International Team of Astronomers Finds Missing Link|date=September 4, 2008|website=nrc.cnrc.gc.ca|publisher=[[National Research Council (Canada)|National Research Council]]|accessdate=26 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225100313/http://archive.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/news/hia/2008/09/04/asteroid-2008kv42.html|archive-date=25 December 2013|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name=DracPaper>{{cite web |bibcode=2009ApJ...697L..91G|title=Discovery of the First Retrograde Transneptunian Object|doi=10.1088/0004-637X/697/2/L91}}</ref>
Its unusual orbit suggests that {{mp|2008 KV|42}} may have been perturbed inwards from its source, most likely in the [[Hills cloud]], by an unknown gravitational disturbance. Its discovery may reveal the source regions for Halley-type comets which also have an retrograde orbit, but their origin remains unknown. {{mp|2008 KV|42}} itself is believed to be in an intermediate stage towards becoming a comet, thus helping to further explain the [[formation and evolution of the Solar System|formation and evolution of the outer Solar System]].<ref name=cfeps1>{{cite web |url= http://www.cfeps.net/KV42_Press.html|title= Discovery of the retrograde trans-neptunian object {{mp|2008 KV|42}}|date= 2008|website=cfeps.net |publisher=Canada France Ecliptic Plane Survey |accessdate=23 July 2014}}</ref><ref name=nrc>{{cite web|url=http://archive.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/news/hia/2008/09/04/asteroid-2008kv42.html|title=Announcements – International Team of Astronomers Finds Missing Link|date=September 4, 2008|website=nrc.cnrc.gc.ca|publisher=[[National Research Council (Canada)|National Research Council]]|accessdate=26 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225100313/http://archive.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/news/hia/2008/09/04/asteroid-2008kv42.html|archive-date=25 December 2013|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name=DracPaper>{{cite journal|author1=Gladman, B.|author2=et al.|url=http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-637X/697/2/L91/pdf|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|bibcode=2009ApJ...697L..91G|title=Discovery of the First Retrograde Transneptunian Object|doi=10.1088/0004-637X/697/2/L91}}</ref>


[[File:2008 KV42 and 2011 KT19.png|thumb|Orbits of {{mp|2008 KV|42}} and {{mp|2011 KT|19}}]]
[[File:2008 KV42 and 2011 KT19.png|thumb|Orbits of {{mp|2008 KV|42}} and {{mp|2011 KT|19}}]]
Line 69: Line 69:


<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web
<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web
|type = 2013-10-06 last obs.
|type = 2018-04-10 last obs.
|title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2008 KV42)
|title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2008 KV42)
|url = http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=3418144
|url = http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=3418144
|publisher = [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
|publisher = [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
|date = 8 April 2018
|date = 16 April 2018
|accessdate = 30 March 2018}}</ref>
|accessdate = 20 December 2018}}</ref>


<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web
<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web
Line 80: Line 80:
|work = Minor Planet Center
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2008+KV42
|url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2008+KV42
|date = 23 March 2018
|date = 10 April 2018
|accessdate = 30 March 2018}}</ref>
|accessdate = 20 December 2018}}</ref>


<ref name="jpl-search">{{cite web
<ref name="jpl-search">{{cite web
Line 121: Line 121:
|title=Absolute Magnitude (H)
|title=Absolute Magnitude (H)
|publisher=NASA/JPL
|publisher=NASA/JPL
|url=http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/glossary/h.html
|url=https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/glossary/h.html
|accessdate=2009-12-21}}</ref>
|accessdate=20 December 2018}}</ref>


}} <!-- end of reflist -->
}} <!-- end of reflist -->

Revision as of 16:55, 20 December 2018

2008 KV42
The orbit of 2008 KV42 is nearly perpendicular to the ecliptic.
Discovery [1][2]
Discovered byMauna Kea Obs.
(uncredited: B. Gladman
J. J. Kavelaars, J.-M. Petit)
Discovery siteMauna Kea Obs.
Discovery date31 May 2008 (first obs.)
Designations
2008 KV42
Drac
Distant[2] · TNO[1]
Centaur (DES)[3]
Damocloid (outer)[4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 27 April 2019 (JD 2458600.5)
Uncertainty parameter 3
Observation arc9.86 yr (3,601 days)
Aphelion62.235 AU
Perihelion21.121 AU
41.678 AU
Eccentricity0.4932
269.07 yr (98,279 days)
337.93°
0° 0m 13.32s / day
Inclination103.40°
260.85°
133.00°
Uranus MOID4.24 AU[2]
Physical characteristics
Dimensions50[5]–90 km[6]
23.2[7]
8.8[1]

2008 KV42 (nicknamed Drac) is the first trans-Neptunian object (TNO) with a retrograde orbit to be discovered. Its 103° inclination and its retrograde motion suggest that it is the missing link between its source in the Hills cloud and Halley-type comets, thus providing further insight into the evolution of the outer Solar System. The object measures no more than 90 km across and with a semi-major axis of 42 AU takes about 269 years to complete an orbit around the Sun.

The discovery was announced on July 16, 2008, by the Canada–France Ecliptic Plane Survey team led by Brett Gladman. An official name has not been chosen because the object has not been numbered; the discovery team nicknamed 2008 KV42 "Drac" after Count Dracula.

Discovery and naming

The discovery of 2008 KV42 was announced on July 16, 2008 by the Canada–France Ecliptic Plane Survey team led by Brett Gladman from the University of British Columbia.[8][9] The announcement was made during the "Asteroids, Comets, Meteors" meeting held in Baltimore, Maryland, followed by a Minor Planet Electronic Circular on the same day and a IAU Circular on July 18. The discovery was made using images obtained on May 31 from the 3.5 meter Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, followed by further observations until July 8 from the Whipple Observatory and Cerro Tololo.[8][10][11]

The discovery team nicknamed 2008 KV42 Drac because of its high inclination in reference to its orbital plane resembling Count Dracula's ability to walk on walls.[12]

Orbit

2008 KV42 is the first trans-Neptunian object (TNO) with a retrograde orbit to be discovered. With a semi-major axis of 41.7 AU,[1] it was discovered while at a distance of 32 AU and has a perihelion at roughly the distance of Uranus.[8]

The object's 103-degree inclination makes its almost perpendicular to the ecliptic, and is, as of July 2017, one of only six objects known to have inclination (i) > 60° and perihelion (q) > 15 AU. The other six[13][14] are: 2002 XU93,[15] 2007 BP102,[16] 2010 WG9,[17] 2011 KT19,[18] 2014 LM28.[19]

Its unusual orbit suggests that 2008 KV42 may have been perturbed inwards from its source, most likely in the Hills cloud, by an unknown gravitational disturbance. Its discovery may reveal the source regions for Halley-type comets which also have an retrograde orbit, but their origin remains unknown. 2008 KV42 itself is believed to be in an intermediate stage towards becoming a comet, thus helping to further explain the formation and evolution of the outer Solar System.[5][20][21]

Orbits of 2008 KV42 and 2011 KT19

Planet Nine

2008 KV42 may even provide evidence of Planet Nine.[22] The Kozai effect inside the mean-motion resonances with Planet Nine may cause a periodic exchange between its inclination and its eccentricity. When the elongated perpendicular centaurs get too close to a giant planet, orbits such as that of 2008 KV42 are created.[23]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2008 KV42)" (2018-04-10 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. 16 April 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
  2. ^ a b c "2008 KV42". Minor Planet Center. 10 April 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
  3. ^ Marc W. Buie (8 July 2008). "Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 08KV42". SwRI (Space Science Department). Retrieved 15 September 2008.
  4. ^ Akimasa Nakamura and bas (2 May 2009). "List of Damocloids (Oort cloud asteroids)". Lowell Observatory. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
  5. ^ a b "Discovery of the retrograde trans-neptunian object 2008 KV42". cfeps.net. Canada France Ecliptic Plane Survey. 2008. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
  6. ^ "Absolute Magnitude (H)". NASA/JPL. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
  7. ^ "2008KV42 ephemeris". Universita di Pisa. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
  8. ^ a b c "A Retrograde TNO : 2008 KV42". cfeps.net. Canada France Ecliptic Plane Survey. 2008. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
  9. ^ Hecht, Jeff (5 September 2008). "Distant object found orbiting Sun backwards". newscientist.com. New Scientist. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
  10. ^ "MPEC 2008-O02 : 2008 KV42". minorplanetcenter.net. Minor Planet Center. 16 July 2008. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
  11. ^ "Circular No. 8960". cbat.eps.harvard.edu. Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. 18 July 2008. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
  12. ^ O'Neill, Ian (5 September 2008). "Kuiper Belt Object Travelling the Wrong-Way in a One-Way Solar System". universetoday.com. Universe Today. Retrieved 24 July 2014.
  13. ^ "MPC list of q>15 and i>60 (HiHq objects)". IAU Minor Planet Center. (a 7th object appears to be removed, 2010 TH192)
  14. ^ "JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: i > 60 (deg) and q > 15 (AU)". JPL Solar System Dynamics. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
  15. ^ 2002 XU93, ssd.jpl.nasa.gov
  16. ^ 2007 BP102, ssd.jpl.nasa.gov
  17. ^ 2010 WG9, ssd.jpl.nasa.gov
  18. ^ 2011 KT19, ssd.jpl.nasa.gov
  19. ^ 2014 LM28, ssd.jpl.nasa.gov
  20. ^ "Announcements – International Team of Astronomers Finds Missing Link". nrc.cnrc.gc.ca. National Research Council. 4 September 2008. Archived from the original on 25 December 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  21. ^ Gladman, B.; et al. "Discovery of the First Retrograde Transneptunian Object". The Astrophysical Journal. Bibcode:2009ApJ...697L..91G. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/697/2/L91. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author2= (help)
  22. ^ Batygin, Konstantin; Brown, Michael E. (20 January 2016). "Evidence for a distant giant planet in the Solar system". The Astronomical Journal. 151 (2): 22. arXiv:1601.05438. Bibcode:2016AJ....151...22B. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/151/2/22.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) (called drac in reference)
  23. ^ Brown, Mike (12 February 2016). "Why I believe in Planet Nine". FindPlanetNine.com.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=(528219)_2008_KV42&oldid=874646391"