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'''''Sengol''''' ([[Tamil language|Tamil]]: செங்கோல், [[ISO 15919|romanised]]: ceṅkōl) is a 5-foot long, 2-inch thick [[gold-plated]] [[sceptre]]<ref name="anandabazar1">{{cite web |date=24 May 2023 |title=নতুন সংসদ ভবনে থাকছে স্বাধীনতার অন্যতম প্রতীক ‘সেঙ্গল’! সোনার রাজদণ্ডে লুকিয়ে কোন ইতিহাস? |url=https://www.anandabazar.com/photogallery/all-you-need-to-know-about-historical-septre-sengol-that-is-going-to-be-placed-in-new-parliament-building-dgtl-photogallery/cid/1432390?slide=4 |access-date=25 May 2023 |website=Anandabazar |publisher=Anandabazar Patrika |language=bn |location=New Delhi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-26 |title=Vummidi Sudhakar: How ‘Sengol’ was crafted?
'''''Sengol''''' ([[Tamil language|Tamil]]: செங்கோல், [[ISO 15919|romanised]]: ceṅkōl) is a 5-foot long, 2-inch thick [[gold-plated]] [[sceptre]]<ref name="anandabazar1">{{cite web |date=24 May 2023 |title=নতুন সংসদ ভবনে থাকছে স্বাধীনতার অন্যতম প্রতীক ‘সেঙ্গল’! সোনার রাজদণ্ডে লুকিয়ে কোন ইতিহাস? |url=https://www.anandabazar.com/photogallery/all-you-need-to-know-about-historical-septre-sengol-that-is-going-to-be-placed-in-new-parliament-building-dgtl-photogallery/cid/1432390?slide=4 |access-date=25 May 2023 |website=Anandabazar |publisher=Anandabazar Patrika |language=bn |location=New Delhi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-26 |title=Vummidi Sudhakar: How ‘Sengol’ was crafted?
|language=en-GB |work=www.hamaribaat.com |url=https://www.hamaribaat.com/vummidi-sudhakar-how-sengol-was-crafted |access-date=2023-05-26}}</ref> that was handed over to the first prime minister of the [[India|Republic of India]], [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], in 1947 by two [[Sanyasi|sannyasis]] from Sri Amblavana Desigar in [[Thanjavur]], who believed it apt that the first head of the new truly Indian government of Free India be presented with a symbol of power and authority from [[Hindus|Hindu]] holy men.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=1947-08-25 |title=INDIA: Oh Lovely Dawn |language=en-US |work=Time |url=https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,798062,00.html |access-date=2023-05-26 |issn=0040-781X |archive-date=2023-05-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230524200128/https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,798062,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Though '''Sengol'<nowiki/>'' is a generic term for sceptre in Tamil<ref>{{Citation |title=செங்கோல் |date=2016-08-24 |url=https://ta.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D&oldid=1461798 |work=தமிழ் விக்சனரி |access-date=2023-05-25 |language=ta}}</ref> and this practice originated from the reign of the [[Chola dynasty]],<ref name="anandabazar1" /><ref name="bangla-hindustantimes1" /><ref name="thehindu2">{{cite web |title=Inspired by the Cholas, handed over to Nehru: historic ‘Sengol’ to be installed in new Parliament building |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/inspired-by-cholas-handed-over-by-british-to-nehru-historic-sengol-to-be-installed-in-new-parliament-building/article66888185.ece |website=www.thehindu.com |publisher=The Hindu |access-date=25 May 2023 |language=en |date=24 May 2023 |archive-date=24 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230524164357/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/inspired-by-cholas-handed-over-by-british-to-nehru-historic-sengol-to-be-installed-in-new-parliament-building/article66888185.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> the term got wider national attention after the [[Government of India]] decided to install the 1947 sceptre in the [[New Parliament House, New Delhi|New Parliament House]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-24 |title=‘Sengol’ to be installed in the new parliament: Significance of the sceptre, first given to Nehru |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-history/sengol-new-parliament-significance-nehru-8626977/ |access-date=2023-05-27 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=2023-05-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230524134242/https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-history/sengol-new-parliament-significance-nehru-8626977/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|language=en-GB |work=www.hamaribaat.com |url=https://www.hamaribaat.com/vummidi-sudhakar-how-sengol-was-crafted |access-date=2023-05-26}}</ref> that was handed over to the first prime minister of the [[India|Republic of India]], [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], in 1947 by two [[Sanyasi|sannyasis]] from Sri Amblavana Desigar in [[Thanjavur]], who believed it apt that the first head of the new truly Indian government of Free India be presented with a symbol of power and authority from [[Hindus|Hindu]] holy men.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=1947-08-25 |title=INDIA: Oh Lovely Dawn |language=en-US |work=Time |url=https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,798062,00.html |access-date=2023-05-26 |issn=0040-781X |archive-date=2023-05-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230524200128/https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,798062,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Though '''Sengol'<nowiki/>'' is a generic term for sceptre in Tamil<ref>{{Citation |title=செங்கோல் |date=2016-08-24 |url=https://ta.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D&oldid=1461798 |work=தமிழ் விக்சனரி |access-date=2023-05-25 |language=ta}}</ref> and this practice originated from the reign of the [[Chola dynasty]],<ref name="anandabazar1" /><ref name="bangla-hindustantimes1" /><ref name="thehindu2">{{cite web |title=Inspired by the Cholas, handed over to Nehru: historic ‘Sengol’ to be installed in new Parliament building |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/inspired-by-cholas-handed-over-by-british-to-nehru-historic-sengol-to-be-installed-in-new-parliament-building/article66888185.ece |website=www.thehindu.com |publisher=The Hindu |access-date=25 May 2023 |language=en |date=24 May 2023 |archive-date=24 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230524164357/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/inspired-by-cholas-handed-over-by-british-to-nehru-historic-sengol-to-be-installed-in-new-parliament-building/article66888185.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> the term got wider national attention after the [[Government of India]] decided to install the 1947 sceptre in the [[New Parliament House, New Delhi|New Parliament House]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-24 |title=‘Sengol’ to be installed in the new parliament: Significance of the sceptre, first given to Nehru |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-history/sengol-new-parliament-significance-nehru-8626977/ |access-date=2023-05-27 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=2023-05-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230524134242/https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-history/sengol-new-parliament-significance-nehru-8626977/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Revision as of 02:57, 28 May 2023

This article is about a gold sceptre installed in the Parliament of India. For other purposes, see Sceptre.

Sengol (Tamil: செங்கோல், romanised: ceṅkōl) is a 5-foot long, 2-inch thick gold-plated sceptre[1][2] that was handed over to the first prime minister of the Republic of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, in 1947 by two sannyasis from Sri Amblavana Desigar in Thanjavur, who believed it apt that the first head of the new truly Indian government of Free India be presented with a symbol of power and authority from Hindu holy men.[3] Though 'Sengol' is a generic term for sceptre in Tamil[4] and this practice originated from the reign of the Chola dynasty,[1][5][6] the term got wider national attention after the Government of India decided to install the 1947 sceptre in the New Parliament House.[7]

Etymology

The word sengol (IAST: ceṅkōl) is a combination of the Tamil word cemmai,[8] which means 'righteousness' or 'prosperity', and kol, meaning 'rod'.[9]

History

Mention of 'sengol' being presented to Jawaharlal Nehru in the archived Andhra Patrika, a pro-Congress and an erstwhile and leading Telugu newspaper on 17th August 1947. The exact mention in Telugu is tiruvāḍudurai maṭhādhipatulu śrī ambāvāṇa banḍāra sannadhavāru svatantradina sandharbhamuna śrī panḍita jawaharlāl nehrū gāriki samarpincina bangāru rājadanḍamu (i.e. 'sengol'), (Translation: Head of Thiruvaduthurai Mutt, His holiness Sri Ambavana Bandara Sannadha handed over golden sceptre to Sri Jawaharlal Nehru on the occasion of the Independence Day).

Background and 1947 ceremony

According to tradition of Chola dynasty, a sceptre, called sengol in Tamil, is handed over to the new king of the royal family during their coronation.[10] This practice originated from the reign of the Chola dynasty.[1][5][6] When India got independence on 15 August 1947 from the United Kingdom, before the transfer of power, Governor-General Lord Mountbatten asked Jawaharlal Nehru about a symbol of the transfer of power when India gains independence.[1][5] Nehru discussed the issue with the fellow Congress leader from Tamil Nadu C. Rajagopalachari. Rajagopalachari, being a scholar in Tamil, told Nehru about the royal family heritage of Tamil Nadu and said, according to tradition, the sceptre is handed over to the new king of the royal family during his coronation.[10] This practice originated from the reign of the Chola kings.[1][5][6] Rajagopalachari advised Nehru to take the sceptre from the British as a symbol of transfer of power.[1][5]

Rajagopalachari took the responsibility and approached Thiruvaduthurai Adheenam mutt in Tamil Nadu to make the sceptre. The then head of the mutt undertook the task of making the sceptre, who entrusted the making of the sceptre to Vummidi Bangaru Chetty, a jeweller from Madras at that time. Bangaru Chetty made that golden sceptre.[11][12]

After making the "Seṅgōl" sceptre, Bangaru Chetty handed over the sceptre to the mutt. A senior purohita of the mutt handed the sceptre to Lord Mountbatten. After this the sceptre was returned from Mountbatten and was then handed over to Nehru at fifteen minutes before midnight on August 15, 1947, sprinkled with Ganges water. A special song was composed to commemorate the moment of Nehru's assumption of the sceptre, and the song was performed at the appointed time.[1][11][12]

From 2023 onwards

The Sengol was kept at Nehru Gallery of Anand Bhavan Museum in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh after it was given to Jawaharlal Nehru.[13] From there it will be shifted to the New Parliament House on 28 May 2023.[1][11] At the inauguration of the New Parliament House, Prime Minister Narendra Modi will install the Sengol near the Speaker of the Lok Sabha's chair in the new Parliament building.[10][12][14][15]

Design

Sengol is a gold-plated sceptre, about 5 feet (1.5 m) in length[3] with a core made of silver.[16] 800 grams (1.8 lb) of gold were used to make the sengol. It is decorated with intricate designs and has Nandi carved on the top. Nandi is a sacred animal in Hinduism and the mount of Shiva. It is seen as a symbol of dharma, which is personified as a bull in the puranas.[17][18]

See also

Note

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h "নতুন সংসদ ভবনে থাকছে স্বাধীনতার অন্যতম প্রতীক 'সেঙ্গল'! সোনার রাজদণ্ডে লুকিয়ে কোন ইতিহাস?". Anandabazar (in Bengali). New Delhi: Anandabazar Patrika. 24 May 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  2. ^ "Vummidi Sudhakar: How 'Sengol' was crafted?". www.hamaribaat.com. 2023-05-26. Retrieved 2023-05-26.
  3. ^ a b "INDIA: Oh Lovely Dawn". Time. 1947-08-25. ISSN 0040-781X. Archived from the original on 2023-05-24. Retrieved 2023-05-26.
  4. ^ "செங்கோல்", தமிழ் விக்சனரி (in Tamil), 2016-08-24, retrieved 2023-05-25
  5. ^ a b c d e Abhijit Chowdhury (25 May 2023). "এবার থেকে সংসদে স্পিকারের আসনের পাশে থাকবে 'সেঙ্গল', ৫ ফুট উঁচু সোনার এই রাজদণ্ডের ইতিহাস জানেন?". bangla.hindustantimes.com (in Bengali). Hindustan Times - Bangla. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  6. ^ a b c "Inspired by the Cholas, handed over to Nehru: historic 'Sengol' to be installed in new Parliament building". www.thehindu.com. The Hindu. 24 May 2023. Archived from the original on 24 May 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  7. ^ "'Sengol' to be installed in the new parliament: Significance of the sceptre, first given to Nehru". The Indian Express. 2023-05-24. Archived from the original on 2023-05-24. Retrieved 2023-05-27.
  8. ^ "செம்மை", தமிழ் விக்சனரி (in Tamil), 2022-04-20, retrieved 2023-05-25
  9. ^ "கோல்", தமிழ் விக்சனரி (in Tamil), 2017-04-25, retrieved 2023-05-25
  10. ^ a b c Poulomi Saha (24 May 2023). "Sacred ritual steeped in Tamil culture: How PM Modi will install Sengol in new Parliament building". www.indiatoday.in. New Delhi: India Today. Archived from the original on 24 May 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  11. ^ a b c Sreeparna Chakrabarty (24 May 2023). "How a letter to PMO set off a search for the Sengol". www.thehindu.com. New Delhi: The Hindu. Archived from the original on 24 May 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  12. ^ a b c "'Sengol' to be installed in the new parliament: Significance of the sceptre, first given to Nehru". www.indianexpress.com. New Delhi: The Indian Express. 25 May 2023. Archived from the original on 24 May 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  13. ^ Pramod Madhav (25 May 2023). "Kept in Allahabad museum among Nehru's items, how Sengol returned to limelight". www.indiatoday.in. Chennai: India Today. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  14. ^ Lingamgunta Nirmitha Rao (24 May 2023). "'Sengol' (sceptre) to be installed by PM Modi in new Parliament on May 28: All you need to know". www.hindustantimes.com. Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 24 May 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  15. ^ "At the inauguration of the new Parliament House, PM Modi will establish the historical and sacred "Sengol" in the Parliament House". pib.gov.in. PIB Delhi. 24 May 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  16. ^ "ചോളന്മാരിൽനിന്ന് പ്രചോദനം, അഞ്ചടി നീളം, മുകളിൽ നന്ദീരൂപം, നെഹ്റുവിന് കൈമാറി; എന്താണ് ചെങ്കോൽ?". Mathrubhumi (in Malayalam). 2023-05-25. Retrieved 2023-05-26.
  17. ^ "New Parliament building opening | How a letter to PMO set off a search for the Sengol". The Hindu. 2023-05-24. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 2023-05-24. Retrieved 2023-05-25.
  18. ^ அகஸ்டஸ் (2023-05-25). "நாடாளுமன்றத்தில் செங்கோல்; இதற்கும் சோழர்களுக்கும் என்ன தொடர்பு? - தரவுகளுடன் விரிவான அலசல்". www.vikatan.com (in Tamil). Retrieved 2023-05-25.
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