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| [[University of Aberdeen]]
| [[University of Aberdeen]]
| Scotland
| Scotland
| 1495<ref>http://www.abdn.ac.uk/about/history/index.php</ref>
| 1495-1505<ref name="Abdn">http://www.abdn.ac.uk/about/history/index.php</ref><ref name="Abdb2">http://web.archive.org/web/20130508105123/http://www.abdn.ac.uk/noblecollege/building.htm</ref>
| ''Initium sapientiae timor domini'' (The beginning of wisdom is fear of the Lord)
| ''Initium sapientiae timor domini'' (The beginning of wisdom is fear of the Lord)
| Founded by [[papal bull]]. For centuries, Aberdeen had two universities. King's College (1495) and Marischal College (1593) merged by act of parlisment to form the University of Aberdeen in 1860, explicitly maintaining the precedence of King's College<ref>http://www.abdn.ac.uk/about/history.php</ref>
| Founded by [[papal bull]] in 1495 and a charter from Bishop [[William Elphinstone]] in 1505 as [[King's College, Aberdeen]], with the status of a university. Merged with [[Marischal College]] (Founded 1593) by act of parlisment to form the University of Aberdeen in 1860, explicitly maintaining the precedence of King's College.<ref name="Abdn" /><ref name="Abdn2" />
|-
|-
| [[University of Edinburgh]]
| [[University of Edinburgh]]

Revision as of 21:48, 12 September 2015

This is a list of Universities in the United Kingdom by the date of their foundation as universities.

In many cases the supposed date of foundation as a university is open to debate, particularly for the Ancient Universities. For the modern (post 1800) universities, the date of achieving university status (by royal charter, act of parliament, or order in council) is given.

Ancient universities

Main article: Ancient university

Until the nineteenth century there were only two university establishments in England and five in Scotland (including two in Aberdeen, see below).

Name Country Date of foundation Motto Notes
University of Oxford England Before 1167[1] Dominus illuminatio mea (The Lord is my light) University by ancient usage. Earliest royal charter 1248
University of Cambridge England 1209-1226[2] Hinc lucem et pocula sacra (From here, light and sacred draughts) University by ancient usage. Earliest royal charter (1231) of any UK university
University of St Andrews Scotland Between 1410 and 1413[3] ΑΙΕΝ ΑΡΙΣΤΕΥΕΙΝ (Ever to Excel) Founded by papal bull
University of Glasgow Scotland 1451[4] Via, Veritas, Vita (The way, the truth, the life) Founded by papal bull
University of Aberdeen Scotland 1495-1505[5][6] Initium sapientiae timor domini (The beginning of wisdom is fear of the Lord) Founded by papal bull in 1495 and a charter from Bishop William Elphinstone in 1505 as King's College, Aberdeen, with the status of a university. Merged with Marischal College (Founded 1593) by act of parlisment to form the University of Aberdeen in 1860, explicitly maintaining the precedence of King's College.[5][7]
University of Edinburgh Scotland 1583[8] Permission granted to Edinburgh Corporation by royal charter in 1582 to establish a university, later confirmed by act of parliament.

Eighteenth century colleges and nineteenth century universities

No new universities were successfully founded in the United Kingdom after Edinburgh until the nineteenth century, although the eighteenth century saw the establishment of a number of dissenting academies, medical schools such as St George's (1733) and the London Hospital Medical College (1785), and the Royal Veterinary College (1791).

Name University Status Motto Notes
Durham University 1832 [9] Fundamenta eius super montibus sanctis (Her foundations are upon the holy hills) Royal charter 1837. Derives university status from act of parliament rather than charter[10]
University of London 1836[11] See below
Victoria University 1880[12] Olim armis nunc studiis (Formerly by weapons, now by studies) Federal university with its seat in Manchester, comprising colleges in Manchester (1880 - 1903), Liverpool (1884 - 1903) and Leeds (1887 - 1903). Merged with Owen's College, Manchester to form the Victoria University of Manchester in 1903
University of Wales 1893[13] Goreu Awen Gwirionedd (The Best Inspiration is Truth) See below

Note that the the University of Wales and the Victoria University were founded as federal universities incorporating earlier colleges and the University of London was founded as an examination board (becoming a federal university in 1900). The cases of London and Wales are discussed further below.

Also note that the Andersonian Institute, a precursor of the University of Strathclyde, was established in 1796 and used the title Anderson's University between 1828 and 1887, but the University of Strathclyde did not receive a royal charter granting university status until 1964.[14] Similarly, University College London used the title London University without being granted university status from 1826 to 1836[15] and the Catholic University of Ireland (1854 - 1909) was also never recognised as a university.

University of London

Attempts to list UK universities in order of foundation are greatly complicated by the existence of the federal University of London, formed as a degree-awarding examining board for in 1836 in response to the application of University College London (UCL) to be chartered as a university. It was notable for being the first institution in England and Wales to allow non-Anglicans to take degrees. It originally operated a system of affiliated institutions with two registers: one (controlled by the government) of institutions allowed to submit students for examination for Arts and Law degrees, and a second (controlled by the university) of institutions allowed to submit students for medical degrees.[15]

UCL and King's College London (KCL), neither of which possessed their own degree awarding powers, were the only affiliated institutions named in London's original charter. However, the list swiftly grew to include many dissenting academies and Roman Catholic seminaries from all over the UK, as well as all UK universities and numerous small institutions. Apart from being allowed to submit students for London examinations, there was no connection between the affiliated colleges and the university.[15] The colleges were thus free to affiliate to other universities: KCL, for example, formed arrangements with the universities of Edinburgh and Durham to allow its students to take degrees at those institutions.[16]

In 1858, the affiliation system was abandoned for Arts and Law degrees, with these being opened to anyone willing to travel to London for the examinations. In 1900, following a period of pressure from UCL and KCL, the university was reorganised as a federal body after the model of the Victoria University and the University of Wales, with the open examinations becoming the modern University of London International Programmes and the London institutions becoming schools of the university.[15]

In 2005-6 UCL, KCL, the London School of Economics and Imperial College London gained the right to award degrees in their own name, although this right was not exercised until 2007. In 2007 Imperial College left the federation and became entirely independent. Other institutions have since gone on to gain their own degree awarding powers, and a number of institutions have recently joined the federal structure. Thus the University of London now combines a federal structure, made up of colleges which are not full universities but award London degrees, a confederal structure, including institutions which award their own degrees and are de facto independent universities, and the international programme used by independent colleges such as the New College of the Humanities.

Institution College Founded Joined Federation Notes
Heythrop College, University of London 1614[17] 1836[17] Founded in Leuven, relocated to the UK in 1794 Affiliated to London (as Stonyhurst College) from 1836 but only became a full college on moving to London in 1970.[17] Will cease to be a college of the university in 2018
St George's, University of London 1733[18] 1840[19] Full college from federation in 1900.[15] Awarded independent degrees from 2007
Royal Veterinary College 1791[20] 1949[20]
Royal Academy of Music 1822[21] 1999[21]
Birkbeck, University of London 1823[22] 1920[22] Founded 1823 as London Mechanics' Institute; named changed in 1866 to Birkbeck Literary and Scientific Institution; finally to Birkbeck College in 1907. Holds, but does not use, degree awarding powers[23]
University College London 1826[11] 1836[11] Full college from federation in 1900.[15] Merged into University of London 1907 - 1977.[24] Awarded independent degrees from 2007
King's College London 1829[11] 1836[11] Full college from federation in 1900. Merged into University of London 1910 - 1980.[15][25] Awarded independent degrees from 2007. The St Thomas's Hospital Medical School was founded around 1550.
Royal Holloway, University of London 1886[26] 1900[26] Merged with Bedford College (founded 1849) in 1985[26]
Queen Mary, University of London 1887[27] 1915[27] Merged with Westfield College (founded 1882) in 1989. Merged with St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College (founded 1843) and London Hospital Medical College (founded 1785) in 1995. Awards own degrees since 2013[27]
Goldsmiths, University of London 1891 [28] 1904 [28] Full College from 1989 [28]
City University London 1894[29] 2016[29] Founded 1894 as the Northampton Institute. University status from 1966. Merged with the Inns of Court Law School (founded 1852) in 2001.[29] Will join the University of London from August 2016.[30]
London School of Economics 1895[31] 1900[31] Awarded own degrees from 2007. Company Limited by Guarantee rather than established by royal charter.[32]
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine 1899[33] 1924[33]
Royal Central School of Speech and Drama 1906[34] 2005[34] Has degree awarding powers since 2005. Became the Royal Central School of Speech and Drama in 2012[34]
Institute of Cancer Research 1909[35] 1996[35] Full college from 2003[35]
SOAS, University of London 1916[36] 1916 Awarded independent degrees from 2013
Courtauld Institute of Art 1932[37] 1932 Company Limited by Guarantee rather than established by royal charter.[38]
London Business School 1964[39] 1965[39]

University of Wales

A similar situation occurred in Wales with the federation in 1893 of University College Wales (now Aberystwyth University), University College North Wales (now Bangor University) and University College South Wales and Monmouthshire (now Cardiff University) as the University of Wales. Prior to this federation students at these university colleges prepared for examinations of the University of London. The university grew with the addition of further colleges, and in 1971 St David's College, Lampeter (now part of the University of Wales Trinity Saint David), Wales' oldest degree-awarding institution, suspended its own degree-awarding powers and entered the University of Wales as St David's University College.

In 2007 the university changed from a federal structure to a confederation of independent institutions, allowing individual institutions which had gained the status of universities in their own right to use the title of university, and in 2008 Aberystwyth, Bangor and Swansea Universities decided to exercise their right to award their own degrees. This led to the effective breakup of the university in 2011. The University of Wales is currently (September 2015) in the process of merging with the University of Wales Trinity Saint David, but remains for the moment an independent institution.[40]

Institution College Founded Joined Federation Notes
University of Wales, Lampeter 1822 as Saint David's College, Lampeter[41] 1971 [41] Merged with Trinity University College in 2010 to form University of Wales Trinity Saint David[41]
University of Wales, Newport 1840s as Newport Mechanics' Institute[42] 1996[42] Merged with University of Glamorgan in 2013 to form the University of South Wales[42]
Cardiff Metropolitan University 1865 as Cardiff School of Art[43] 1992[43] University of Wales Institute Cardiff from 1992. Independent from 2011.[43]
Aberystwyth University 1872 as University College Wales[44] 1893[45] Independent from 2007[46]
Cardiff University 1883 as University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire[47] 1893[47] Independent from 2005[47]
Bangor University 1884 as University College of North Wales[48] 1893[48] Independent from 2009
Glyndŵr University 1887 as Wrexham School of Science & Arts;[49] 1993 as a Higher Education Corporation under the name of North East Wales Institute[50] 2004 [49] Independent from 2008[49][50]
Swansea University 1920 as University College of Swansea[51] 1920[51] Independent from 2007

Civic universities

These universities were distinguished by being non-collegiate institutions that admitted men without reference to religion or background and concentrated on imparting to their students "real-world" skills, often linked to engineering.

Red brick universities

Main article: Red brick university

The large civic 'red brick' universities all gained official university status before the First World War. The term was first coined by a professor at the University of Liverpool to describe these universities, inspired by the university's Victoria Building which is built from a distinctive red pressed brick.[52] All of the red brick institutions have origins dating back to older medical or engineering colleges which prepared students for University of London external examination; many were also members of the federal Victoria University for a period.

Name University Status Motto Notes
University of Birmingham 1900[53] Per ardua ad alta The first civic university to be awarded full university status and the first unitary (not collegiate or federal) university in England
Victoria University of Manchester 1903[12] Cognitio, sapientia, humanitas From merger of Owen's College (constituent college of the Victoria University from 1880) and the Victoria University. Merged with UMIST in 2004 to form the University of Manchester.
University of Liverpool 1903[54] Haec otia studia fovent Formerly a constituent college of the Victoria University from 1884.
University of Leeds 1904[55] et augebitur scientia Formerly a constituent college of the Victoria University from 1887.
University of Sheffield 1905[56] Rerum cognoscere causas
Queen's University Belfast 1908[57] Pro tanto quid retribuamus Part of the Queen's University of Ireland 1850 - 1880 and the Royal University of Ireland 1880 - 1908
University of Bristol 1909[58] Vim promovet insitam

Second wave of civic universities

The second wave of civic universities differed from the later 'plate glass universities' in that they all evolved from local university colleges founded before WWII and all prepared students for external University of London examinations before being granted full university status. They are distinguished from the 'redbrick' universities only by their data of foundation as universities, and are often classed together.

Name University Status Motto Notes
University of Reading 1926[59] Developed from University College Reading, founded by Christ Church, Oxford as an extension college in 1892. Students could take Oxford degrees after completing their courses at Reading with only one year of residence.
University of Nottingham 1948[60] Sapientia urbs conditur Developed from University College Nottingham, founded in 1881
University of Southampton 1952[61] Strenuis Ardua Cedunt Developed from the Hartley Institute (Hartley University College from 1902)
University of Hull 1954[62] Lampada ferens Developed from University College Hull, which prepared students for University of London external examinations founded in 1927
University of Exeter 1955[63] Lucem sequimur Developed from the University College of the South West of England, founded in 1922, an external college of the University of London; traces its origins back to Exeter School of Art, founded in 1855
University of Leicester 1957[64] Ut Vitam Habeant Developed from Leicestershire and Rutland University College, founded in 1921 (University College, Leicester from 1927)

Plate glass universities

Main article: Plateglass university

Universities founded during the 1960s are called this because of their architectural style. This was the era of the Robbins Report, when the number of UK universities more than doubled from 22 to 45 (including the New University of Ulster, see below). Many of these new universities incorporated older (in some cases, much older) institutions, but others were newly created at this time.

Name University Status Motto Notes
University of Sussex 1961[65] Be still and know
Keele University 1962[66] Thanke God for All Established in 1949 as the University College of North Staffordshire
University of East Anglia 1963[67] Do Different
University of York 1963[68] In limine sapientiae York is a collegiate university and is made up of nine colleges
Newcastle University 1963[69] Traces its origins back to medical school founded in 1834 and associated with Durham University from the mid 19th century. Part of the federal University of Durham from 1908 to 1963. Became an independent university in 1963 by act of parliament and does not have a royal charter.

It's city-centre location, architecture, and history as a nineteenth century university college make Newcastle more similar to the redbricks than the plateglass universities, and it is ofen referred to as redbrick or a civic university[70][71][72]

Lancaster University 1964[73] Patet omnibus veritas Lancaster is a collegiate university and is made up of nine colleges
University of Strathclyde 1964[14][74] The place of useful learning Traces its origins back to the Andersonian Institute founded in 1796; used the title Anderson's University between 1828 and 1887 but did not receive a royal charter as a university until 1964. As the Royal College of Science and Technology (1956-1964) it educated students for degrees awarded by the University of Glasgow.
University of Kent 1965[75] Cui servire regnare est Kent is a collegiate university and is made up of six colleges
University of Essex 1965[76] Thought the harder, heart the keener
University of Warwick 1965[77] Mens agitat molem
Loughborough University 1966[78] Veritate, Scientia, Labore Traces its origins back to 1909 as the Loughborough Technical Institute
Aston University 1966[79] Forward Traces its origins back to 1895 as the Birmingham Municipal Technical School
Brunel University London 1966[80] Traces its origins to Acton Technical College, which was founded in 1928, as well as Borough Road College and Maria Grey College
University of Surrey 1966[81] Traces its origins back to Battersea Polytechnic Institute which was founded in 1891
University of Bath 1966[82] Generatim discite cultus Traces its origins to the Bristol Trade School of 1856
University of Bradford 1966[83] Make Knowledge Work Traces its origins back to the Bradford Mechanics Institute, founded in 1832
City University, London 1966[29] To serve mankind Founded in 1894 as the Northampton Institute. Will join the University of London in 2016
Heriot-Watt University 1966[84] Originally established in 1821 as the School of Arts of Edinburgh but was not given a royal charter or university status
University of Salford 1967[85] Altiora Petamus Origins can be traced to 1896 with the opening of the Royal Technical Institute, Salford
University of Dundee 1967[86] Magnificat anima mea dominum Traces its origins back to University College, Dundee founded in 1881; part of St Andrews from 1897 to 1967
University of Stirling 1967[87]
Royal College of Art 1967[88] Founded in 1837 as the Government School of Design

The New University of Ulster (NUU), which incorporated Magee College originating in 1865, was founded in 1968, but subsequently merged with the Ulster Polytechnic to form the University of Ulster (see below).

Intermediate era

Only three universities were founded between 1969 and 1992 and they were all the "odd-one-out" in some way: The Open University is the UK's only solely undergraduate distance learning university; the University of Buckingham is a private university; and Ulster University was formed from the merger of a plate glass university with a polytechnic.

Name University Status Motto Notes
The Open University 1969[89] Live and Learn
University of Buckingham 1983[90] Flying on our own Wings Founded as the University College at Buckingham in 1973. Only private university established by royal charter
University of Ulster 1984[91] Formed by the merger of the New University of Ulster (founded 1968) and Ulster Polytechnic; in 2014 it re-branded as Ulster University.

New universities

Main article: Post-1992 universities

1992 universities

The passage of the Further and Higher Education Act 1992 allowed all polytechnics and Scottish central institutions to become universities and award their own degrees rather than degrees governed by the Council for National Academic Awards (CNAA). 38 (including institutions later merged) took up the offer immediately, nearly doubling the number universities again from 47 to 85 (and 88 by 1994). While still commonly referred to as 'New Universities', many of these institutions claim heritage back to the nineteenth century.

Name University status Motto Notes
Anglia Ruskin University 1992 A Creative Constellation Founded as Cambridge School of Art 1858; polytechnic 1991
Birmingham City University 16 June 1992[92] Age Quod Agis (Do what you are doing;attend to your business) Founded as City of Birmingham Polytechnic 1971; until 2007 was called University of Central England
Bournemouth University 27 November 1992 Discere Mutari Est
University of Brighton 1992 Founded as Brighton Polytechnic 1968
University of Central Lancashire 1992 Ex Solo ad Solem Formerly Preston Polytechnic 1973
De Montfort University 1992 Founded as Leicester Polytechnic 1969
Coventry University 1992 Founded as Lanchester Polytechnic 1970
University of Derby 1992 Experientia Docet formerly Derbyshire College of Higher Education
University of East London 1992 Founded as North East London Polytechnic 1970
University of Greenwich 1992 To learn, to do, to achieve
University of Hertfordshire 1992[93] Seek Knowledge Throughout Life
University of Huddersfield 1992
Kingston University 1992
Leeds Beckett University 1992 Changed its name from Leeds Metropolitan University in September 2014; formerly Leeds Polytechnic, founded in 1970
University of Lincoln 1992 Excellence through study Formerly Humberside Polytechnic (located in Kingston upon Hull); moved to Lincoln in 2001
Liverpool John Moores University 1992 Audentes Fortuna Juvat Founded as Liverpool Mechanics' School of Arts in 1823;
London South Bank University 1992 With Thy Might Founded as the Borough Polytechnic Institute in 1892
Manchester Metropolitan University 1992[94] Many Arts, Many Skills
Middlesex University 1992
Napier University June 1992 Nisi sapientia frustra Founded as Napier Technical College 1964
Northumbria University 1992
Nottingham Trent University 1992 Shaping futures Founded as the Nottingham Government School of Design in 1843. The institution became Trent Polytechnic in 1970.
Oxford Brookes University 1992[95] Excellence in diversity Founded as the Oxford School of Art in 1865; became Oxford Polytechnic in 1970.
University of the West of Scotland 1992
Plymouth University 1992 Indagate Fingite Invenite
University of Portsmouth 7 July 1992[96] Lucem Sequamur
The Robert Gordon University 1992 Omni Nunc Arte Magistra Developed out of Robert Gordon's Hospital (founded 1750)
Sheffield Hallam University 1992 Learn and Serve
Staffordshire University 1992 Create the difference Founded in 1906 by Alfred Bolton and opened in 1914 as the Central School of Science and Technology.
University of Sunderland 4 June 1992[97][98] Scientiam Dulce Hauriens Founded 1901 as Sunderland Technical College. Affiliated to the Newcastle Division of Durham University from 1930. [99] Sunderland Polytechnic from 1969[97]
Teesside University 1992[100] Facta Non Verba Founded as Constantine Technical College in 1930; became Teesside Polytechnic in 1969
University of West London 1992 Thames Valley University was granted permission by the Privy Council to change its name to University of West London in 2010 and the new name and logo were officially launched in April 2011.
University of Westminster 1992[101] Educating for professional life The first polytechnic university - founded in 1838 as the Royal Polytechnic Institution at Regent Street, London
University of the West of England 1992 Light Liberty Learning
University of Wolverhampton 1992 Innovation and Opportunity It was established as the School of Art, established in 1851, which came together as the Wolverhampton and Staffordshire Technical College in 1931.
Glasgow Caledonian University 1 April 1993 For the common weal
Cranfield University 1993 Post Nubes Lux Founded in 1946 as the College of Aeronautics. The Cranfield Institute of Technology was incorporated by Royal Charter in 1969, giving the institution its own degree-awarding powers. The current Cranfield University dates from 1993 and was established by royal charter rather than under the 1992 act
Abertay University 1994[102] Founded in 1888 as Dundee Technical Institute[102]

Second wave of new universities

Main article: New universities

After a seven-year hiatus, a great number of polytechnics, university colleges and higher education institutes began to apply for university status. This was also the era of the break-up of the federal University of Wales and the accreditation of its constituent colleges as individual universities. Following the relaxation of the student numbers criterion in 2012, a number of university colleges became universities.[103] So far, 47 further new universities have been created (some by mergers of existing universities) bringing the total number to 130.

Name University status Motto Notes
University of Gloucestershire 2001 In animo et veritate
London Metropolitan University 1 August 2002[104] Formed by the merger of two 1992 Universities, London Guildhall University (tracing its origins back to evrning classes given in 1848) and the University of North London (founded as the Northern Polytechnic Institute in 1896).[104]
University of Bolton April 2004
University of the Arts London 2004 The collegiate body was first introduced as the London Institute in 1986, and acquired university status in 2004 as the University of the Arts London. The six colleges of art, design, fashion and media have origins dating back to the mid 19th Century.
Roehampton University 1 August 2004[105] Collegiate university consisting of four colleges. Earliest constituent college (Whitelands College) founded in 1841. Part of the Federal University of Surrey from 1 January 2000 to 1 August 2004.[105]
University of Manchester 22 October 2004[106] Cognitio, sapientia, humanitas Formed in 2004 by the dissolution of the Victoria University of Manchester (which was commonly known as the University of Manchester) and UMIST (University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology) and the immediate formation of a single institution (inaugurated on 1 October). As a university by royal charter, the new institution is legally distinct from the 'post-1992' institutions that became universities under the auspices of the Further and Higher Education Act 1992.
Cardiff University December 2004[47] Gwirionedd Undod A Chytgord Established 1883 as the University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire and was a founder member of the University of Wales in 1894. Merged with the University of Wales Institute of Science and Technology in 1988 and with the University of Wales College of Medicine in 2004. Left the University of Wales in 2005 on becoming an independent university. Like Manchester, Cardiff is a university by royal charter.
Bath Spa University August 2005 Founded as Bath College of Higher Education 1975; university college 1992
Canterbury Christ Church University 2005 Veritas liberabit vos
University of Chester 2005 Qui docet in doctrina Founded as Chester Diocesan Training College in 1839; degrees awarded by University of Liverpool 1910; university college 2003
University of Chichester 2005 Docendo discimus Founded as West Sussex Institute of Higher Education 1977; university college 1999; established as a provider of higher education in 1839
University of Winchester June 2005 Wisdom ond lar (from old English) Modern English translation: Wisdom and Knowledge Founded in 1840 as Winchester Diocesan Training School. In 1847 it became Winchester Training College and was renamed King Alfred's College in 1928; degree awarding powers in 2003 and became University College Winchester in 2004. In 2008 Winchester University was awarded Research awarding powers.
Liverpool Hope University July 2005 In Faith, Hope and Love Originally three teacher training institutions, Christs College, Notre Dame and St Catherines which merged in the late 1970s to become Liverpool Institute of Higher Education and then later, Liverpool Hope University College
Southampton Solent University July 2005 Scintill Tuus Imaginationem The university's origins can be traced back to a private School of Art founded in 1856, which eventually became the Southampton College of Art. Mergers with the Southampton College of Technology, and later the College of Nautical Studies at Warsash, led to the establishment of the Southampton Institute of Higher Education in 1984. Southampton Institute then became a university on 12 July 2005.
University of Worcester September 2005 Ad Inspirandum Aspiramus Founded as a teacher training college in 1946, absorbing the Herefordshire and Worcester College of Midwife training. Gained full university status in 2005 and became the University of Worcester
University of Northampton 2005 Transforming lives, inspiring change
University of Bedfordshire 2006
Edge Hill University 18 May 2006 In Scientia Opportunitas
York St John University 10 July 2006 Founded in 1841 as York Diocesan College.
Queen Margaret University January 2007
Imperial College London July 2007[107] Scientia imperii decus et tutamen Founded 1907 and formerly part of the University of London. Continues to use the name 'Imperial College' despite having university status. University by Royal Charter
University of Cumbria 1 August 2007 merger of St Martin's College, Cumbria Institute of the Arts and part of University of Central Lancashire
Buckinghamshire New University October 2007[108] Arte et Industria formerly Buckinghamshire College of Higher Education until 1995, then Buckinghamshire Chilterns University College.[108]
Aberystwyth University 1 September 2007[46] Nid Byd, Byd Heb Wybodaeth Founded as University College Wales 1872; founder member of University of Wales 1893. University by royal charter
Bangor University 1 September 2007 Gorau Dawn Deall Founded as University College of North Wales 1884; founder member of University of Wales 1893. University by royal charter
Swansea University 1 September 2007 Gweddw crefft heb ei dawn Broke away from the University of Wales, which it joined as a constituent college in 1920, to begin awarding own degrees. University by royal charter.
Swansea Metropolitan University January 2008[41] Founded as West Glamorgan Institute of Higher Education 1976. Merged with the University of Wales Trinity Saint David in 2013.[41]
Glyndwr University 3 July 2008[49][50] Founded as Wrexham School of Science and Art 1887[49]
University for the Creative Arts May 2008 Founded 2005 as the University College for the Creative Arts at Canterbury, Epsom, Farnham, Maidstone and Rochester
University of Wales Trinity Saint David 2010[41] Merger between University of Wales, Lampeter (founded 1822) and Trinity University College, incorporated undet Lampeter's 1828 charter. University by Royal Charter.[41]
Cardiff Metropolitan University 2011[43] The most valuable possession is knowledge Part of federal University of Wales as the University of Wales Institute, Cardiff (UWIC) until 2011[43]
University of the Highlands and Islands 2011 The "UHI Millennium institute", a collegiate partnership of 13 colleges and research institutions scattered throughout the highlands and islands, Moray, and Perthshire and providing in excess of 50 additional learning centres in the same areas gained full university status as The University of the Highlands and Islands (Oilthigh na Gàidhealtachd agus nan Eilean) in 2011; it had been a Higher Education Institute since 2001, and acquired the power to grant its own degrees from 2008, prior to which its degrees were authenticated by Open University Validation Service, the University of Strathclyde, and the University of Aberdeen
University of Law November 2012 Founded 1962 as The College of Law. Private university
University College Birmingham 2012[109] Did not change name on acquiring university status[110]
Bishop Grosseteste University 2012[109] Traces its origins back to the Diocese of Lincoln's Diocesan Training School for Mistresses, founded in 1862. Degree awarding powers from 2006.
Arts University Bournemouth 2012[109] Formerly Arts Institute BouInstitute at and Arts University College at Bournemouth. Founded 1883[111]
Falmouth University 2012[109] Founded in 1902 as Falmouth School of Art
Harper Adams University 2012[109] Founded in 1901
University of St Mark & St John
Leeds Trinity University 2012[109] Formed as Trinity & All Saints College in 1980 by merger of Trinity College and All Saints College
Royal Agricultural University 2012[109] Avorum Cultus Pecorumque Founded 1845 as the Royal Agricultural College
Norwich University of the Arts 2012[109] Formerly Norwich University College of the Arts, founded in 2007, which traces its origins back to the Norwich School of Design, founded in 1845
Newman University, Birmingham 2012[109] Former Newman University College granted university status
Regent's University London March 2013 Private university. Formerly Regent's College (founded 1984)
University of South Wales April 2013 Formed from merger of the University of Glamorgan and the University of Wales, Newport
BPP University August 2013 Your Ambition Realised Founded as BPP Law School 1992. Private university
St Mary's University, Twickenham 23 January 2014 Monstra te Esse Matrem

Universities and University Colleges in Overseas Territories

Note: these are not considered UK Universities and are not recognised as degree-awarding bodies by the British government.[112]

Name Territory University status Motto Notes
University of the West Indies Anguilla
Bermuda
British Virgin Islands
Cayman Islands
Montserrat 		1962 Operates across current and former British territories in the West Indies. Physical campuses in Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago and Barbados. Operated as part of the University of London 1948-1962 as the University College of the West Indies
International College of the Cayman Islands Cayman Islands 1970
University College of the Cayman Islands Cayman Islands 1975
St. Matthews University Cayman Islands 1997 Founded in Belize; moved to the Cayman Islands in 2002
Saint James School of Medicine Anguilla 1999 Founded in Bonaire; moved to Anguilla in 2010
University of Science, Arts and Technology Montserrat 2003

Former universities

This table contains universities that were officially recognised but were dissolved either by merging, splitting or just closing down. It does not include institutions which did not receive official recognition as universities, such as the attempt to found a university at Stamford in the 14th century, Cromwell's New College, Durham in the 17th century, or colleges of the federal universities of Wales and London that never became independent universities. It also does not include universities in the Republic of Ireland that ceased to be UK universities on independence from the UK.

Name University status Motto Dissolved Reason
University of Northampton 1261 1265 Dissolved by King Henry III
Marischal College 1593 1860 Founded by George Keith, 5th Earl Marischal, later confirmed by act of parliament. Was merged into the University of Aberdeen
Queen's University of Ireland 1850 1880 Federal university with colleges in Belfast, Cork and Galway. Replaced by the Royal University of Ireland (see below)
Royal University of Ireland 1880 1908 Examining board for Irish colleges. Replaced by the National University of Ireland, with Queen's College Belfast becoming Queen's University Belfast
Victoria University 20 April 1880 Olim Armis Nunc Studiis 1 October 1904 Leeds and Liverpool left; surviving college became Victoria University of Manchester
Victoria University of Manchester 1 October 1904 Arduus Ad Solem 1 October 2004 Merged with UMIST to form the University of Manchester
New University of Ulster 1968 1984 merged with Ulster Polytechnic to form University of Ulster
University of Glamorgan 1992 Success Through Endeavour April 2013 merged with University of Wales, Newport to form the University of South Wales
University of North London 1992[104] 1 August 2002[104] merged with London Guildhall University to form London Metropolitan University[104]
London Guildhall University 1992[104] 1 August 2002[104] merged with University of North London to form London Metropolitan University[104]
UMIST 1994[113] Scientia et Labore 1 October 2004 Traces its origins to 1824. Students gained Victoria University of Manchester degrees from 1905. Royal Charter as a university college in 1956. Independent university 1994. Merged with Victoria University of Manchester to form the University of Manchester
Swansea Metropolitan University 2008 1 August 2013 Merged into the University of Wales Trinity Saint David

See also

Notes

  1. ^ http://www.ox.ac.uk/about/organisation/history
  2. ^ http://www.cam.ac.uk/about-the-university/history/early-records
  3. ^ http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/about/history/
  4. ^ http://www.gla.ac.uk/about/history/
  5. ^ a b http://www.abdn.ac.uk/about/history/index.php
  6. ^ http://web.archive.org/web/20130508105123/http://www.abdn.ac.uk/noblecollege/building.htm
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference Abdn2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ http://ourhistory.is.ed.ac.uk/index.php/Opening_of_Edinburgh_University,_1583
  9. ^ https://www.dur.ac.uk/about/shaped/
  10. ^ "Durham World Heritage Site: Durham University, Founded in 1832". Dutham World Heritage Site. Retrieved 2014-12-23. Durham University was officially recognised through an act of parliament which received the royal assent on July 4th 1832, with the first students being admitted in the autumn of 1833.
  11. ^ a b c d e http://www.london.ac.uk/history.html?&no_cache=1&sword_list%5B%5D=1836
  12. ^ a b "History of the Victoria University of Manchester". Retrieved 5 September 2015.
  13. ^ http://wales.ac.uk/en/AboutUs/AboutUs.aspx
  14. ^ a b "A History of the World - Object: Anderson's University, Glasgow". BBC. Retrieved 2013-08-29. In 1964, the institution merged with the Scottish College of Commerce and received a royal charter, granting it university status under the name of the University of Strathclyde.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g University of London, the Historical Record: (1836-1912) Being a Supplement to the Calendar, Completed to September 1912. University of London Press.
  16. ^ John Parker (1896). The Calendar of King's College, London. King's College London.
  17. ^ a b c http://heythrop.ac.uk/about-us/heythrops-history
  18. ^ http://www.sgul.ac.uk/about-us/our-history
  19. ^ https://books.google.com/books?id=2uksAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
  20. ^ a b http://www.rvc.ac.uk/about/the-rvc/history
  21. ^ a b http://www.ram.ac.uk/about-us/about-the-academy/history
  22. ^ a b http://www.bbk.ac.uk/about-us/history/
  23. ^ http://www.bbk.ac.uk/about-us/governance/degree-awarding
  24. ^ "Landmarks". University College London. Archived from the original on 30 January 2008. Retrieved 26 April 2010.
  25. ^ http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/1997/3/enacted
  26. ^ a b c https://www.royalholloway.ac.uk/aboutus/ourhistory/home.aspx
  27. ^ a b c http://www.qmul.ac.uk/about/history/index.html
  28. ^ a b c http://www.gold.ac.uk/about/history/
  29. ^ a b c d http://www.city.ac.uk/about/facts-and-achievements/our-history
  30. ^ http://www.city.ac.uk/news/2015/july/city-university-london-to-join-the-university-of-london
  31. ^ a b http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/lsehistory/timeline/
  32. ^ http://www.lse.ac.uk/intranet/LSEServices/governanceAndCommittees/charitableStatus.aspx
  33. ^ a b http://www.lshtm.ac.uk/aboutus/introducing/improving_health_worldwide.pdf
  34. ^ a b c http://www.cssd.ac.uk/content/centrals-history
  35. ^ a b c http://www.icr.ac.uk/about-us/our-history
  36. ^ http://www.soas.ac.uk/about/history/
  37. ^ http://courtauld.ac.uk/about/history
  38. ^ http://courtauld.ac.uk/about/governance
  39. ^ a b http://www.london.edu/about/facts/history
  40. ^ http://wales.ac.uk/en/AboutUs/Developments/Merger-Information.aspx
  41. ^ a b c d e f g http://uwtsd.ac.uk/history/
  42. ^ a b c http://www.southwales.ac.uk/about/our-history/
  43. ^ a b c d e http://www.cardiffmet.ac.uk/about/CardiffMet150/Pages/The-History-of-Cardiff-Met.aspx
  44. ^ http://www.aber.ac.uk/en/university/history/
  45. ^ http://www.aber.ac.uk/en/university/history/timelinepart1/
  46. ^ a b http://www.aber.ac.uk/en/university/history/timelinpart3/
  47. ^ a b c d http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/about/our-profile/history
  48. ^ a b http://www.bangor.ac.uk/corporate/informationfor/university_history.php.en
  49. ^ a b c d e http://www.glyndwr.ac.uk/en/AboutGlyndwrUniversity/Whoweare/HistoryoftheUniversity/
  50. ^ a b c http://www.glyndwr.ac.uk/en/AboutGlyndwrUniversity/Governance/CharitableStatus/
  51. ^ a b http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v106/n2664/abs/106391b0.html
  52. ^ Peers, Edgar Allison (1943). Redbrick University.
  53. ^ http://www.birmingham.ac.uk/university/about/history/index.aspx
  54. ^ http://www.liv.ac.uk/library/sca/colldescs/univarchives/unifoundation.html
  55. ^ http://www.leeds.ac.uk/info/20014/about/21/heritage
  56. ^ http://www.sheffield.ac.uk/about/facts/index
  57. ^ http://qub.ac.uk/home/TheUniversity/AboutQueens/
  58. ^ http://www.bristol.ac.uk/university/history/
  59. ^ http://www.reading.ac.uk/15/about/about.aspx
  60. ^ http://nottingham.ac.uk/about/history/abriefhistoryoftheuniversity.aspx
  61. ^ http://www.southampton.ac.uk/about/reputation/history-timeline.page
  62. ^ http://www2.hull.ac.uk/theuniversity/history.aspx
  63. ^ http://www.exeter.ac.uk/about/facts/history/
  64. ^ http://www2.le.ac.uk/about/history-and-campus
  65. ^ http://www.sussex.ac.uk/aboutus/
  66. ^ http://www.keele.ac.uk/aboutus/ourhistory/
  67. ^ http://www.uea.ac.uk/about/our-university/history
  68. ^ http://www.york.ac.uk/about/
  69. ^ http://www.ncl.ac.uk/about/history/
  70. ^ http://www.russellgroup.ac.uk/our-universities/3782-newcastle-university/
  71. ^ http://www.independent.co.uk/student/into-university/az-uni-colleges/newcastle-university-1765504.html
  72. ^ https://books.google.com/books?id=LdXhBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA329&lpg=PA329&f=false#v=onepage&q&f=false
  73. ^ http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/about-us/rankings-and-reputation/history-of-lancaster-university/
  74. ^ http://www.strath.ac.uk/governance/
  75. ^ http://www.kent.ac.uk/about/fastfacts2015.html
  76. ^ http://essex.ac.uk/about/university/default.aspx
  77. ^ http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/about/warwick50/countup/1965
  78. ^ http://www.lboro.ac.uk/about/history/
  79. ^ http://www.aston.ac.uk/about/
  80. ^ http://www.brunel.ac.uk/about/history
  81. ^ http://www.surrey.ac.uk/about/history
  82. ^ http://www.bath.ac.uk/about/history/
  83. ^ http://www.bradford.ac.uk/about/heritage/
  84. ^ http://www.hw.ac.uk/about/reputation/history.htm
  85. ^ http://www.salford.ac.uk/about-us/heritage
  86. ^ http://www.dundee.ac.uk/about/history/
  87. ^ http://www.stir.ac.uk/about/
  88. ^ http://www.rca.ac.uk/more/our-history/college-history/
  89. ^ http://www.open.ac.uk/researchprojects/historyofou/
  90. ^ http://www.buckingham.ac.uk/about/history
  91. ^ http://www.ulster.ac.uk/guide/about-the-university/find-out-more/background-to-the-university/
  92. ^ http://www.bcu.ac.uk/about-us/our-history
  93. ^ http://www.herts.ac.uk/about-us/history/1991-2000
  94. ^ http://www2.mmu.ac.uk/infocomms/about-us/our-first-50-years-19461996/
  95. ^ https://www.brookes.ac.uk/about-brookes/history/timeline/
  96. ^ http://www.port.ac.uk/departments/services/alumni/historyoftheuniversity/
  97. ^ a b http://www.sunderland.ac.uk/university/factsandfigures/ourhistory/
  98. ^ http://www.sunderland.ac.uk/university/legalstatus/
  99. ^ http://www.ncl.ac.uk/alumni/involved/documents/docBPrincipalBodies.docx
  100. ^ https://www.tees.ac.uk/minisites/80years/history.cfm
  101. ^ http://www.westminster.ac.uk/about-us/our-heritage/timeline
  102. ^ a b http://www.abertay.ac.uk/about/theuni/stats/
  103. ^ "'New' universities set to be created in England". BBC. 27 November 2012. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
  104. ^ a b c d e f g h http://www.londonmet.ac.uk/why-london-met/about-the-university/160-years-of-london-met/
  105. ^ a b http://roehampton.ac.uk/Colleges/Whitelands/History/
  106. ^ http://www.manchester.ac.uk/discover/history-heritage/history/
  107. ^ http://www.imperial.ac.uk/media/imperial-college/staff/reporter/public/Reporter180web.pdf
  108. ^ a b http://bucks.ac.uk/about_us/history
  109. ^ a b c d e f g h i http://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/educationnews/9708178/Ten-specialist-colleges-to-be-granted-university-status.html
  110. ^ "University status awarded to two Birmingham colleges". Birmingham Mail. 27 November 2012. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
  111. ^ "Arts University Bournemouth (AUB)". The Independent. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
  112. ^ "Recognised UK degrees". Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
  113. ^ http://www.manchester.ac.uk/discover/history-heritage/history/umist/
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