罰
Appearance
|
Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]罰 (Kangxi radical 122, 网+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 田中卜口弓 (WLYRN), four-corner 60620, composition ⿱罒䚯)
Derived characters
[edit]Related characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 948, character 33
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28315
- Dae Jaweon: page 1390, character 13
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2923, character 3
- Unihan data for U+7F70
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 罰 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 罚 | |
alternative forms | 罸 𠟟 𠟑 𦋬 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 罰 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |
Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : semantic 詈 (“abuse verbally”) + semantic 刀 (“knife”). To abuse verbally and to use a knife improperly represent a crime. The original version is 𠟑, in which the left component is 𧧧.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): fat6
- Gan (Wiktionary): fat7
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): huāi
- Eastern Min (BUC): huăk
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): huah7 / huoh7
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 8vaq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄚˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fá
- Wade–Giles: fa2
- Yale: fá
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: far
- Palladius: фа (fa)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fä³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: fat6
- Yale: faht
- Cantonese Pinyin: fat9
- Guangdong Romanization: fed6
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɐt̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: fat7
- Sinological IPA (key): /fat̚²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fa̍t
- Hakka Romanization System: fad
- Hagfa Pinyim: fad6
- Sinological IPA: /fat̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: huāi
- Sinological IPA (key): /xuai⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: huăk
- Sinological IPA (key): /huaʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: huah7
- Sinological IPA (key): /huaʔ⁴/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: huoh7
- Sinological IPA (key): /huoʔ²⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
Note:
- huêg8 - Chaozhou;
- huag8 - Shantou.
- Middle Chinese: bjot
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b][a]t/
- (Zhengzhang): /*bad/
Definitions
[edit]罰
- to punish; to fine; to sentence
- punishment; penalty
Compounds
[edit]- 不罰/不罚
- 主罰/主罚
- 佛罰/佛罚 (fófá)
- 信賞必罰/信赏必罚
- 刑罰/刑罚 (xíngfá)
- 受罰/受罚 (shòufá)
- 可罰/可罚 (kěfá)
- 天罰/天罚 (tiānfá)
- 干罰
- 徇罰/徇罚
- 從罰/从罚
- 恭行天罰/恭行天罚
- 憲罰/宪罚
- 懲罰/惩罚 (chéngfá)
- 扎罰子
- 折罰/折罚
- 撻罰/挞罚
- 數罪併罰/数罪并罚 (shùzuì bìngfá)
- 明德慎罰/明德慎罚
- 易科罰金/易科罚金
- 明賞慎罰/明赏慎罚
- 神罰/神罚 (shénfá)
- 科罰/科罚 (kēfá)
- 罪與罰/罪与罚
- 罰一勸百/罚一劝百
- 罰不當罪/罚不当罪 (fábùdāngzuì)
- 罰企/罚企
- 罰作/罚作
- 罰例/罚例
- 罰俸/罚俸
- 罰則/罚则 (fázé)
- 罰單/罚单 (fádān)
- 罰役/罚役
- 罰東道/罚东道
- 罰款/罚款 (fákuǎn)
- 罰爵/罚爵
- 罰球/罚球 (fáqiú)
- 罰球區域/罚球区域
- 罰科/罚科
- 罰站/罚站 (fázhàn)
- 罰約/罚约
- 罰誓/罚誓
- 罰贖/罚赎
- 罰跪/罚跪
- 罰酒/罚酒 (fájiǔ)
- 罰金/罚金 (fájīn)
- 罰鍰/罚锾 (fáhuán)
- 處罰/处罚 (chǔfá)
- 貨罰/货罚
- 責罰/责罚 (zéfá)
- 貶罰/贬罚
- 賞功罰罪/赏功罚罪 (shǎng gōng fá zuì)
- 賞同罰異/赏同罚异
- 賞善罰惡/赏善罚恶
- 賞罰/赏罚 (shǎngfá)
- 賞罰不信/赏罚不信
- 賞罰不明/赏罚不明
- 賞罰不當/赏罚不当
- 賞罰分明/赏罚分明 (shǎngfá fēnmíng)
- 賞罰嚴明/赏罚严明
- 賞罰無章/赏罚无章
- 違警罰法/违警罚法
- 重罰/重罚 (zhòngfá)
- 鐫罰/镌罚
- 陟罰/陟罚 (zhìfá)
- 陟罰臧否/陟罚臧否 (zhìfázāngpǐ)
- 領罰/领罚
- 體罰/体罚 (tǐfá)
- 龔行天罰/龚行天罚
References
[edit]- 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “罚”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 61.
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]罰
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: ぼち (bochi)←ぼち (boti, historical)
- Kan-on: はつ (hatsu)←はつ (fatu, historical)
- Kan’yō-on: ばつ (batsu, Jōyō)←ばつ (batu, historical)、ばち (bachi, Jōyō)←ばち (bati, historical)
Alternative forms
[edit]- 罸 (archaic character)
Compounds
[edit]- 罰金 (bakkin)
- 罰則 (bassoku)
- 罰俸 (bappō)
- 神罰 (shinbatsu): divine punishment
- 天罰 (tenbatsu): divine punishment
- 仏罰 (butsubatsu): punishment of the Buddha
- 罰ゲーム (batsu gēmu): "punishment game", as when one loses a bet and has to do something embarrassing
Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
罰 |
ばち Grade: S |
kan'yōon |
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- (divine) punishment; a curse
- (Hawaii, slang): loosely "what goes around comes around"; a mysterious force of divine retribution
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
罰 |
ばつ Grade: S |
kan'yōon |
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- a punishment; a penalty
References
[edit]Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 罰 (MC bjot).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 뻐ᇙ〮 (Yale: ppélq) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[1] | 죄〯줄 (Yale: cwǒy cwùl) | 벌〮 (Yale: pél) |
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pʌ̹ɭ]
- Phonetic hangul: [벌]
Hanja
[edit]罰 (eumhun 벌할 벌 (beolhal beol))
- hanja form? of 벌 (“punishment; penalty”) [noun]
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]罰: Hán Nôm readings: phạt, ảng, ang, ương
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
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- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading はつ
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading はつ
- Japanese kanji with kan'yōon reading ばつ
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'yōon reading ばつ
- Japanese kanji with kan'yōon reading ばち
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'yōon reading ばち
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