改革
Chinese
[edit]to change; to alter; to transform to change; to alter; to transform; to correct |
leather; remove | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (改革) |
改 | 革 | |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄞˇ ㄍㄜˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gǎigé
- Wade–Giles: kai3-ko2
- Yale: gǎi-gé
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaeger
- Palladius: гайгэ (gajgɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɤ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: goi2 gaak3
- Yale: gói gaak
- Cantonese Pinyin: goi2 gaak8
- Guangdong Romanization: goi2 gag3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɔːi̯³⁵ kaːk̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kói-kiet
- Hakka Romanization System: goiˋ giedˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: goi3 giad5
- Sinological IPA: /koi̯³¹ ki̯et̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kái-kek
- Tâi-lô: kái-kik
- Phofsit Daibuun: kay'keg
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kái-kiak
- Tâi-lô: kái-kiak
- Phofsit Daibuun: kay'kiag
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiak̚⁵/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: goi2 gêg4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kói kek
- Sinological IPA (key): /koi⁵²⁻³⁵ kek̚²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Middle Chinese: kojX keak
Verb
[edit]改革
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]See also
[edit]Japanese
[edit]| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 改 | 革 |
| かい Grade: 4 |
かく Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Synonyms
[edit]Verb
[edit]改革する • (kaikaku suru) suru (stem 改革し (kaikaku shi), past 改革した (kaikaku shita))
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "改革する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 改革し | かいかくし | kaikaku shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 改革し | かいかくし | kaikaku shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 改革する | かいかくする | kaikaku suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 改革する | かいかくする | kaikaku suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 改革すれ | かいかくすれ | kaikaku sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 改革せよ¹ 改革しろ² |
かいかくせよ¹ かいかくしろ² |
kaikaku seyo¹ kaikaku shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 改革される | かいかくされる | kaikaku sareru | |
| Causative | 改革させる 改革さす |
かいかくさせる かいかくさす |
kaikaku saseru kaikaku sasu | |
| Potential | 改革できる | かいかくできる | kaikaku dekiru | |
| Volitional | 改革しよう | かいかくしよう | kaikaku shiyō | |
| Negative | 改革しない | かいかくしない | kaikaku shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 改革せず | かいかくせず | kaikaku sezu | |
| Formal | 改革します | かいかくします | kaikaku shimasu | |
| Perfective | 改革した | かいかくした | kaikaku shita | |
| Conjunctive | 改革して | かいかくして | kaikaku shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 改革すれば | かいかくすれば | kaikaku sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
[edit]- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 改 | 革 |
Noun
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 改 | 革 |
Noun
[edit]改革
Categories:
- Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation
- Cantonese terms with audio pronunciation
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 改
- Chinese terms spelled with 革
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Classical Chinese
- Elementary Mandarin
- zh:Politics
- Japanese terms spelled with 改 read as かい
- Japanese terms spelled with 革 read as かく
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese verbs
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