振

振	U+632F, 振 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-632F

Translingual

Han character

振 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 手一一女 (QMMV), four-corner 5103₂, composition ⿰扌辰)

Derived characters

𠺲, 𱞾, 𱧳, 𫕫, 𠺃, 䳲(𱊙)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 431, character 28
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12093
Dae Jaweon: page 780, character 34
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1879, character 1
Unihan data for U+632F

Chinese

trad.		振
simp. ^#		振

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (辰) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
辴	tʰɯl, tʰɯnʔ, *tʰɯn
屒	tɯnʔ, djɯn
振	tjɯn, tjɯns
侲	tjɯn, tjɯn
桭	tjɯn, djɯn
唇	tjɯn, ɦljun
帪	*tjɯn
賑	tjɯnʔ, tjɯns
裖	*tjɯnʔ
敐	tjɯnʔ, djɯn
震	*tjɯn
娠	tjɯns, hljɯn
蜃	djɯns, djɯnʔ, *djins
辰	*djɯn
晨	djɯn, ɦljɯn
宸	*djɯn
鷐	*djɯn
麎	*djɯn
祳	*djɯnʔ
脤	*djɯnʔ
鋠	*djɯnʔ
磭	ŋrɯnʔ, ŋ̊ʰjaɡ, *ŋaɡ
陙	*djun
脣	*ɦljun
漘	*ɦljun

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjɯn, *tjɯns) : semantic 手 + phonetic 辰 (OC *djɯn).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhèn (zhen⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zan³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chṳ́n

(Meixian, Guangdong): zen³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tín / chín

(Teochew, Peng'im): zing² / ding²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhèn
  - Wade–Giles: chên⁴
  - Yale: jèn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenn
  - Palladius: чжэнь (čžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zan³
  - Yale: jan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzan³
  - Guangdong Romanization: zen³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐn³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ́n
  - Hakka Romanization System: ziin^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zin³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨn³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zen³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sən³¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tín
  - Tâi-lô: tín
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dien
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tin⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tin⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tin⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chín
  - Tâi-lô: tsín
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cien
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sin⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sin⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sin⁴¹/

Note:

tín - vernacular;
chín - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: zing² / ding²
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsíng / tíng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵²/, /tiŋ⁵²/

Note:

zing2 - literary;
ding2 - vernacular (in 振動).

Middle Chinese: tsyinH

Rime
Character	振
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	章刃切
Baxter	tsyinH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiɪn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕin^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjen^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cin^H/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiĕn^H/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭĕn^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ĕn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zan³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tər-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*tjɯns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	振
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhèn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyin^H ›
Old Chinese	/*tər-s/
English	shake
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	振
Reading #	2/2
No.	1366
Phonetic component	辰
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	震
Old Chinese	/*tjɯns/

Definitions

振

to wave; to shake
to sway; to rock
to wield; to brandish; to shake
to brace oneself; to rise vigorously; to rise up
to vibrate; to tremble

Synonyms

(to wave): 動搖／动摇 (dòngyáo), 搖動／摇动 (yáodòng)
(to sway):

edit

搖動／摇动 (yáodòng)
搖擺／摇摆 (yáobǎi)
搖晃／摇晃
搖曳／摇曳 (yáoyè)
搖蕩／摇荡 (yáodàng)
搖顯／摇显 (Hokkien)
摵 (Hokkien)
擺動／摆动 (bǎidòng)
晃動／晃动 (huàngdòng)
舞動／舞动 (wǔdòng)
蕩／荡 (dàng) (literary, or in compounds)
閃／闪 (shǎn)

(to wield):

edit

揮動／挥动 (huīdòng)
揮舞／挥舞 (huīwǔ)
耍 (shuǎ)
舞 (wǔ) (literary, or in compounds)
舞動／舞动 (wǔdòng) (formal)

(to vibrate): 抖動／抖动 (dǒudòng), 振動／振动 (zhèndòng)

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhēn (zhen¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zan¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhēn
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhen
  - Wade–Giles: chên¹
  - Yale: jēn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jen
  - Palladius: чжэнь (čžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zan¹
  - Yale: jān
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐn⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: tsyin

Rime
Character	振
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	側鄰切
Baxter	tsyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕin/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cin/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiĕn/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhēn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zan¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tər/

(Zhengzhang): /*tjɯn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	振
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhēn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyin ›
Old Chinese	/*tər/
English	numerous; majestic
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	振
Reading #	1/2
No.	1358
Phonetic component	辰
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	眞
Old Chinese	/*tjɯn/
Notes	原誤側鄰切，依韻目注改

Definitions

振

^† Only used in 振振 (zhēnzhēn).

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhěn (zhen³)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄣˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhěn
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄣˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhěn
  - Wade–Giles: chên³
  - Yale: jěn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeen
  - Palladius: чжэнь (čžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂən²¹⁴/

Definitions

振

^† Alternative form of 袗 (zhěn, “unlined garment”)

Japanese

Kanji

振

(Jōyō kanji)

swing, wield, flourish, wave, shake

Readings

Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
Kun: ふる (furu, 振る, Jōyō)、ふるう (furuu, 振るう, Jōyō)、ふれる (fureru, 振れる, Jōyō)、ふり (furi)

Compounds

振(ふり)付(つけ) (furitsuke, “choreography”)
振(ふ)り付(つ)け (furitsuke, “choreography”)

Korean

Hanja

振 • (jin) (hangeul 진, McCune–Reischauer chin, Yale cin)

Raise, excite

Vietnamese

Han character

振: Hán Nôm readings: chấn

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