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挨

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 捱
挨 U+6328, 挨
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6328
← 挧
[U+6327] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 挩 →
[U+6329]

Translingual

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Han character

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挨 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 手戈人大 (QIOK), four-corner 53034, composition ⿰扌矣)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 431, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12082
  • Dae Jaweon: page 780, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1888, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+6328

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (矣) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
唉 *qʰlɯː, *qɯː, *qrɯː, *qrɯːʔ
埃 *qlɯː
欸 *qɯː, *qʰrɯːs
娭 *qɯː, *qʰlɯ
挨 *qlɯːʔ, *qrɯː, *qrɯːʔ
騃 *ŋrɯːʔ, *sɢrɯʔ
俟 *sɢrɯʔ, *ɡlɯl
竢 *sɢrɯʔ
涘 *sɢrɯʔ
誒 *qʰlɯ
矣 *ɢlɯʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qlɯːʔ, *qrɯː, *qrɯːʔ) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 矣 (OC *ɢlɯʔ).

Pronunciation 1

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trad. 挨
simp. # 挨
alternative forms A (e) Taiwanese Hokkien
Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
Note:
  • ă̤ - vernacular;
  • ăi - literary.
Note:
  • oe/e/ere - vernacular;
  • ai - literary.
Note:
  • oi1 - vernacular;
  • ai1 - literary.
Note:
  • 1a - vernacular;
  • 1e - literary.
    Rime
    Character 挨 挨
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Initial (聲) 影 (34) 影 (34)
    Final (韻) 皆 (33) 咍 (41)
    Tone (調) Rising (X) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open Open
    Division (等) II I
    Fanqie 於駭切 於改切
    Baxter 'eajX 'ojX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ʔˠɛiX/ /ʔʌiX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ʔᵚæiX/ /ʔəiX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ʔɐiX/ /ʔɒiX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ʔəɨjX/ /ʔəjX/
    Li
    Rong         		/ʔɛiX/ /ʔᴀiX/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɐiX/ /ɒiX/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/ʔăiX/ /ʔɑ̆iX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		yě ǎi
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		aai2 oi2
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 挨 挨 挨
    Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
    No. 14937 14939 14941
    Phonetic
    component         		矣 矣 矣
    Rime
    group         		之 之 之
    Rime
    subdivision         		0 0 0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		欸 挨
    Old
    Chinese         		/*qlɯːʔ/ /*qrɯː/ /*qrɯːʔ/
    Notes 廣韻乙諧切右從俟

    Definitions

    [edit]

    挨

    1. to hit from behind; to hit the back
    2. to get close to; to be next to
      左邊的車門打開前，千萬不要去挨車門咯。 [Sichuanese, trad.]
      左边的车门打开前，千万不要去挨车门咯。 [Sichuanese, simp.]
      From: Chongqing Metro Line 4 broadcasts
      Before the doors on the left open, don't approach the train doors!
    3. to depend on; to rely on
    4. to crowd; to push and squeeze
    5. to follow in sequence; to be someone's turn; to go one by one
    6. (dialectal Mandarin) at
    7. (Cantonese) to lean on
    8. (Hokkien, Teochew) to grind
    9. (Hokkien, Hakka) to play (a stringed instrument)
    10. (Fuqing Eastern Min) to push

    Synonyms

    [edit]
    • (to get close to):
    • (at):
    Dialectal synonyms of 在 (“at, in”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 於
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 在
    Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 在, 挨, 跟, 的
    Taiwan 在
    Harbin 在
    Malaysia 在
    Singapore 在
    Jilu Mandarin Jinan 在, 從
    Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 在
    Xi'an 在
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 在
    Lanyin Mandarin Ürümqi 在
    Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 在
    Wuhan 在
    Guiyang 在
    Guilin 在
    Liuzhou 在
    Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 在
    Yangzhou 在
    Rugao 吖
    Hefei 在
    Cantonese Guangzhou 喺, 響
    Hong Kong 喺, 響
    Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 喺, 在
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 喺, 響
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 在
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 在
    Macau 喺
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 喺, 響
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 響, 喺
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 在
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 在
    Foshan 喺, 響
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 喺, 響
    Foshan (Shunde) 喺
    Foshan (Sanshui) 喺
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 喺, 響
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 在
    Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 在
    Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 響, 揀
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 揀
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 喺
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 喺
    Taishan 到, 響
    Kaiping (Chikan) 到, 響
    Enping (Niujiang) 到, 響
    Heshan (Yayao) 響
    Dongguan 響, 在, 喺
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 在
    Yangjiang 在
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 喺, 響
    Singapore (Guangfu) 喺
    Gan Nanchang 在
    Lichuan 在
    Pingxiang 在
    Hakka Meixian 嗨
    Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 在
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 在
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 在
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 在
    Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 在
    Yudu 在
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 在
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 在
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 在
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 在
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 在
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 在
    Hong Kong 在
    Senai (Huiyang) 在
    Kuching (Hepo) 在
    Singapore (Dabu) 在
    Jin Taiyuan 在
    Xinzhou 在
    Northern Min Jian'ou 到
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 著, 在, 洽
    Fuqing 著, 洽
    Singapore (Fuqing) 著
    Southern Min Xiamen 佇, 踮, 蹛
    Quanzhou 佇, 踮, 蹛
    Zhangzhou 佇, 咧, 蹛
    Zhao'an 佇, 蹛
    Taipei 佇
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 佇
    Kaohsiung 佇
    Yilan 佇
    Changhua (Lukang) 佇
    Taichung 佇
    Tainan 佇, 踮, 蹛
    Hsinchu 佇
    Kinmen 佇
    Penghu (Magong) 佇
    Penang (Hokkien) 佇, 蹛
    Singapore (Hokkien) 佇, 壏
    Manila (Hokkien) 佇, 踮
    Chaozhou 在
    Shantou 在
    Shantou (Chenghai) 在
    Shantou (Chaoyang) 在
    Jieyang 在, 壏, 放
    Haifeng 著
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 在
    Singapore (Teochew) 在, 壏
    Leizhou 佇, 放
    Wenchang 佇
    Singapore (Hainanese) 佇
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 在
    Wu Shanghai 垃, 垃垃, 垃拉, 垃海, 垃該, 垃浪
    Shanghai (Xinzhuang, Minhang) 垃該, 拉
    Shanghai (Songjiang) 立垃, 勒嵌
    Shanghai (Chuansha, Pudong) 垃, 垃垃
    Shanghai (Nanhui, Pudong) 垃該
    Shanghai (Fengxian) 垃該
    Shanghai (Jinshan) 有垃, 垃該
    Shanghai (Qingpu) 勒拉
    Shanghai (Jiading) 勒, 浪, 勒浪, 勒搭
    Shanghai (Chongming) 勒勒, 勒
    Suzhou 勒, 勒勒, 勒裡, 勒海, 勒浪, 勒篤
    Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang) 勒, 勒海, 勒拉, 勒浪
    Wuxi 勒, 來勒, 勒娘, 勒裡
    Changshu 勒笃, 勒裡, 勒海, 勒浪
    Kunshan 勒, 勒浪, 勒海
    Qidong 勒
    Qidong (Lüsi) 在, 來, 來該
    Nantong (Haimen) 勒, 勒特, 勒海, 勒勒
    Haimen (Sijia) 來, 來到
    Rudong 勒, 勒勒
    Pinghu 勒, 勒海, 勒浪, 勒化, 來, 來海, 來浪, 來化
    Haining (Xiashi) 有起霍, 有起, 有垃, 起勒, 起, 勒, 起霍
    Haiyan 勒, 勒勒
    Changzhou 勒, 勒蕩, 勒娘, 勒頭, 漏
    Liyang 立
    Changzhou (Jintan) 在, 則
    Danyang 在, 則
    Jingjiang 來, 勒
    Jiangyin 勒, 勒勒
    Nanjing (Gaochun) 來, 拉, 垃, 得, 擱
    Huzhou 拉
    Deqing 垃, 垃好, 來該, 來東, 拉好, 有好
    Deqing (Geting) 拉
    Hangzhou 勒, 勒哈, 來搭, 來東, 在
    Hangzhou (Lin'an) 來, 來埭, 來同
    Hangzhou (Fuyang) 勒, 勒裡, 勒帶, 勒底
    Hangzhou (Xiaoshan) 來帶, 來東, 來夯, 帶, 東, 夯
    Tonglu 來, 來裡, 來夯
    Shaoxing 來帶, 來埭, 來東, 來同, 來夯, 帶, 埭, 東, 同, 夯
    Shaoxing (Keqiao) 來帶, 來東, 來夯, 帶, 東, 夯
    Zhuji 來克, 來客, 勒克, 勒客, 克, 客
    Shengzhou 來, 來帶, 來東, 來夯
    Xinchang 來固, 來蒙, 來頭
    Ningbo 來, 來勒, 來的, 來對, 來東, 來當, 來該
    Ningbo (Zhenhai) 來
    Ningbo (Beilun) 來, 來該, 來的, 來對, 來當
    Ningbo (Yinzhou) 立該, 來, 來的, 來該
    Yuyao 來, 得, 來浪
    Ninghai 來的
    Zhoushan (Dinghai) 勒
    Wenzhou 是
    Xiang Changsha 在
    Loudi 在
    Shuangfeng 在
    • (to play):
    Dialectal synonyms of 拉 (“to play (a stringed instrument, e.g. the erhu)”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 拉
    Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 拉
    Singapore 拉
    Jilu Mandarin Jinan 拉
    Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 拉
    Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 拉
    Xi'an 拉
    Lanyin Mandarin Ürümqi 拉
    Southwestern Mandarin Wuhan 鋸
    Guiyang 扯
    Liuzhou 扯
    Cantonese Guangzhou 拉
    Hong Kong 拉
    Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 拉
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 扯
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 牙
    Taishan 拉
    Gan Lichuan 扯
    Pingxiang 鋸, 扯
    Hakka Meixian 鋸
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 拉
    Heyuan (Bendihua) 拉
    Wengyuan 拉
    Liannan 拉
    Jiexi 挨
    Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 牽
    Changting 鋸
    Wuping (Yanqian) 拉
    Ninghua 鋸
    Yudu 鋸
    Ningdu 鋸
    Tonggu (Sandu) 拉
    Ganzhou (Panlong) 扯
    Dayu 拉
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 鋸, 挨
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 鋸, 挨
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 挨, 鋸
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 鋸, 挨
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 挨, 鋸
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 挨
    Hong Kong 拉
    Mengshan (Xihe) 拉
    Luchuan 拉
    Jin Taiyuan 拉
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 鋸
    Southern Min Xiamen 拉, 挨
    Quanzhou 拉, 挨
    Zhangzhou 拉, 挨
    Zhao'an 鋸
    Tainan 挨
    Longyan 牽
    Raoping 鋸
    Shantou 鋸
    Jieyang 鋸, 牽
    Haifeng 鋸
    Wenchang 彈
    Haikou 彈
    Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 牽
    Wu Shanghai 拉
    Danyang 拉
    Xiang Changsha 鋸
    Loudi 鋸
    • (to push):
    Dialectal synonyms of 推 (“to push”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 推
    Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 推, 㩳, 搡
    Taiwan 推
    Harbin 㩳, 搡
    Singapore 推
    Jilu Mandarin Jinan 推
    Central Plains Mandarin Zhengzhou 擁
    Xi'an 掀, 推
    Xuzhou 搑
    Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 推, 揎, 捎, 搊, 㩳
    Wuhan 推, 㩳, 揎
    Guilin 推
    Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 推, 搡
    Hefei 推, 搡
    Cantonese Guangzhou 推, 擁
    Hong Kong 推, 擁
    Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 擁
    Taishan 擁
    Yangjiang 宿, 擁, 𢱤
    Gan Nanchang 推, 揎, 㩳
    Hakka Meixian 𢱤
    Xingning 𢱤
    Huidong (Daling) 𢱤
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 擁
    Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 擁
    Changting 𢱤
    Wuping 𢱤
    Wuping (Pingyu) 𢱤
    Liancheng 𢱤
    Ninghua 𢱤
    Yudu 𢱤
    Ruijin 𢱤
    Shicheng 𢱤
    Shangyou (Shexi) 𢱤
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 𢱤
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 𢱤
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 𢱤
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 𢱤
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 𢱤
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 𢳪
    Hong Kong 推, 𢱤, 擁
    Jin Taiyuan 推
    Northern Min Jian'ou 捵, 𢱤
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 捵, 𢱤
    Fuqing 挨, 捵
    Southern Min Xiamen 㧣, 捒, 攄
    Quanzhou 捒, 攄
    Jinjiang 㧣
    Zhangzhou 㧣, 捒, 攄
    Taipei 攄
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 攄
    Kaohsiung 攄
    Yilan 攄
    Changhua (Lukang) 攄, 㧣
    Taichung 攄, 㧣
    Tainan 攄
    Hsinchu 攄, 㧣
    Kinmen 攄, 㧣
    Penghu (Magong) 攄
    Penang (Hokkien) 捒, 攄
    Singapore (Hokkien) 㧣
    Manila (Hokkien) 㧣
    Chaozhou 攆, 舁
    Shantou 推, 攆
    Jieyang 攆
    Singapore (Teochew) 攆, 㧣
    Wu Shanghai 推
    Suzhou 推
    Ningbo 推
    Wenzhou 㨄, 推
    Xiang Changsha 寵, 推
    Shuangfeng 攮, 搡

    Compounds

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    Pronunciation 2

    [edit]
    trad. 挨/捱
    simp. 挨
    alternative forms 捱

    Definitions

    [edit]

    挨

    1. to suffer; to endure; to put up with
      挨餓／挨饿  ―  ái'è  ―  to suffer from hunger
    2. to drag out; to delay; to stall
    3. to struggle to pull through; to wait (for a long time)
    4. to drag on; to scrabble for a living
    Synonyms
    [edit]
    • (to suffer):
    • (to delay):
    Antonyms
    [edit]
    • (antonym(s) of “to delay”):

    Compounds

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    See also

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    References

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    Japanese

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    Kanji

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    挨

    (Jōyō kanji)

    1. push open

    Readings

    [edit]
    • Go-on: え (e)
    • Kan-on: あい (ai, Jōyō)
    • Kun: ひらく (hiraku, 挨く)、おす (osu, 挨す)

    Korean

    [edit]

    Hanja

    [edit]

    挨 • (ae) (hangeul 애, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ay)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

    [edit]

    挨: Hán Nôm readings: ai, ẩy

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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