From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also:
U+6144, 慄
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6144

[U+6143]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6145]
U+F9D9, 慄
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9D9

[U+F9D8]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F9DA]

Translingual

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

(Kangxi radical 61, +10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 心一田木 (PMWD), four-corner 91094, composition )

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 397, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11042
  • Dae Jaweon: page 736, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2336, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6144

Chinese

[edit]
trad.
simp. *

Glyph origin

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

STEDT compared this to Tibetan བྲེད་པ་ (bred pa, to be alarmed, scared). If the relation is to be established, then this term is derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-ray-t (fear).

Hong Kong Cantonese to be scared is borrowed from Taishanese (nut5).

Pronunciation 1

[edit]

Note:
  • lek/liak - vernacular (“to be scared; to become weak and limp”);
  • lit - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /li⁵¹/
Harbin /li⁵³/
Tianjin /li⁵³/
Jinan /li²¹/
Qingdao /li⁴²/
Zhengzhou /li²⁴/
Xi'an /li²¹/
Xining /l̩⁵³/
Yinchuan /li¹³/
Lanzhou /li¹³/
Ürümqi /li²¹³/
Wuhan /ni²¹³/
Chengdu /ni³¹/
Guiyang /ni²¹/
Kunming /li³¹/
Nanjing /liʔ⁵/
Hefei /liəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /liəʔ²/
Pingyao /liʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /liəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /liɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /liəʔ³/
Hangzhou /liəʔ²/
Wenzhou /li²¹³/
Hui Shexian /li²²/
Tunxi /le¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /li²⁴/
Xiangtan /ni⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /liʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /lit̚⁵/
Taoyuan /lit̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /løt̚²/
Nanning /lɐt̚²²/
Hong Kong /løt̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /lit̚⁵/
/lat̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /liʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /lɛ⁴²/
Shantou (Teochew) /liak̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /lit̚⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (37)
Final () (48)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter lit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/liɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/lit̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ljet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/lit̚/
Li
Rong
/liĕt̚/
Wang
Li
/lĭĕt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/li̯ĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
lat6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 7971
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*riɡ/

Definitions

[edit]

  1. to shiver; to shudder; to tremble
  2. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to be scared (of one's facial expression)
  3. (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to become weak and limp (of one's arms and legs due to fear, lack of strength, etc.)

Compounds

[edit]

Pronunciation 2

[edit]

Definitions

[edit]

  1. (originally Taishanese, now also Hong Kong Cantonese) to be scared
    alt. forms: (Hong Kong Cantonese)
    唔敢唔敢 [Taishanese]  ―  to be so scared one won't dare move

Japanese

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. fear
  2. tremble, shudder, shiver

Readings

[edit]

Usage notes

[edit]

This character is not used much in modern Japanese.

Korean

[edit]

Hanja

[edit]

(ryul>yul) (hangeul >, revised ryul>yul, McCune–Reischauer ryul>yul, Yale lyul>yul)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

: Hán Nôm readings: lật

  1. translates as Lật or Rất which modifies adjectives or adverbs to mean very or extremely