弧

弧	U+5F27, 弧 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F27

Translingual

Han character

弧 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+5 in Chinese, 弓+6 in Japanese, 8 strokes in Chinese, 9 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 弓竹女人 (NHVO), four-corner 1223₀, composition ⿰弓瓜)

Derived characters

𥏩, 𥮰

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 357, character 34
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9757
Dae Jaweon: page 674, character 16
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 993, character 3
Unihan data for U+5F27

Chinese

trad.		弧
simp. ^#		弧

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (瓜) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
瓜	*kʷraː
坬	*kʷraːs
窊	qʷraː, qʷraːs
畖	*qʷraː
搲	*qʷraːs
攨	*qʷraːs
孤	*kʷaː
苽	*kʷaː
胍	*kʷaː
泒	*kʷaː
呱	*kʷaː
觚	*kʷaː
柧	*kʷaː
罛	*kʷaː
軱	*kʷaː
菰	*kʷaː
箛	*kʷaː
狐	*ɡʷaː
弧	*ɡʷlaː

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hú (hu²)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wu⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hô͘ / ô͘
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶wu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hú
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hú
  - Wade–Giles: hu²
  - Yale: hú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwu
  - Palladius: ху (xu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: wu⁴
  - Yale: wùh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wu⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wu⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuː²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô͘
  - Tâi-lô: hôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoo
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /hɔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔ²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔ¹³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ô͘
  - Tâi-lô: ôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oo
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɔ²³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɔ²⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶wu
  - MiniDict: wu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦu²³/

Middle Chinese: hu

Rime
Character	弧
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	戸吳切
Baxter	hu
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuo/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuo/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣo/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɔ/
Li Rong	/ɣo/
Wang Li	/ɣu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣuo/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wu⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ʷˤa/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷlaː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	弧
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hú
Middle Chinese	‹ hu ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ʷˁa/
English	bow; bend, curved
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	弧
Reading #	1/1
No.	4359
Phonetic component	瓜
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	胡
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷlaː/

Definitions

弧

wooden bow
arc, crescent

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

弧

(Jōyō kanji)

arc

Readings

Go-on: ご (go)
Kan-on: こ (ko, Jōyō)
Kun: きゆみ (kiyumi, 弧)

Compounds

円弧(えんこ) (enko)
括弧(かっこ) (kakko)
共役弧(きょうやくこ) (kyōyakuko)
弧光(ここう) (kokō): arc light
弧状(こじょう) (kojō)
弧線(こせん) (kosen)
弧度(こど) (kodo): radian
桑弧(そうこ) (sōko)
直弧文(ちょっこもん) (chokkomon)
島弧(とうこ) (tōko)
電弧(でんこ) (denko): arc (electric discharge)
優弧(ゆうこ) (yūko)
琉球弧(りゅうきゅうこ) (ryūkyūko)
劣弧(れっこ) (rekko)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
弧
こ Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 孤 (hu, “arc”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) こ [kóꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ko̞]

Noun

弧(こ) • (ko)

arc

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

弧 • (ho) (hangeul 호, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

弧: Hán Nôm readings: hồ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

[2]