夭逝
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Chinese
[edit]tender; gentle; to die prematurely | depart; die | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (夭逝) | 夭 | 逝 | |
simp. #(夭逝) | 夭 | 逝 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄠ ㄕˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yaoshìh
- Wade–Giles: yao1-shih4
- Yale: yāu-shr̀
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iaushyh
- Palladius: яоши (jaoši)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, literary)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˇ ㄕˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yǎoshìh
- Wade–Giles: yao3-shih4
- Yale: yǎu-shr̀
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeaushyh
- Palladius: яоши (jaoši)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: jiu2 sai6 / jiu1 sai6
- Yale: yíu saih / yīu saih
- Cantonese Pinyin: jiu2 sai6 / jiu1 sai6
- Guangdong Romanization: yiu2 sei6 / yiu1 sei6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiːu̯³⁵ sɐi̯²²/, /jiːu̯⁵⁵ sɐi̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Note: jiu1 sai6 - common variant.
Verb
[edit]夭逝
- (literary) to die young
- (literary, figuratively) to come to a premature end; to be short-lived; to be aborted prematurely
Synonyms
[edit]- (to die young):
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
夭 | 逝 |
よう Hyōgai |
せい Grade: S |
on'yomi | kan'on |
Etymology
[edit]Ultimately from Chinese 夭逝 (literally “die young + die, pass away”), possibly as a learned borrowing from Chinese. Likely used as a slight orthographic variant of more-common and older synonym 夭折 (yōsetsu), adding the 辶 (chuò) element to the 折 character. Listed in some dictionaries as a synonym for 夭折 (yōsetsu) with more Chinese overtones.[1]
First cited to 1935, compared to a first attestation of 756 CE for 夭折 (yōsetsu).[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Verb
[edit]夭逝する • (yōsei suru) ←えうせい (eusei)?intransitive suru (stem 夭逝し (yōsei shi), past 夭逝した (yōsei shita))
- [from 1935] to die prematurely, to die while still young
- Synonym: 夭折 (yōsetsu)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "夭逝する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 夭逝し | ようせいし | yōsei shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 夭逝し | ようせいし | yōsei shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 夭逝する | ようせいする | yōsei suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 夭逝する | ようせいする | yōsei suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 夭逝すれ | ようせいすれ | yōsei sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 夭逝せよ¹ 夭逝しろ² |
ようせいせよ¹ ようせいしろ² |
yōsei seyo¹ yōsei shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 夭逝される | ようせいされる | yōsei sareru | |
Causative | 夭逝させる 夭逝さす |
ようせいさせる ようせいさす |
yōsei saseru yōsei sasu | |
Potential | 夭逝できる | ようせいできる | yōsei dekiru | |
Volitional | 夭逝しよう | ようせいしよう | yōsei shiyō | |
Negative | 夭逝しない | ようせいしない | yōsei shinai | |
Negative continuative | 夭逝せず | ようせいせず | yōsei sezu | |
Formal | 夭逝します | ようせいします | yōsei shimasu | |
Perfective | 夭逝した | ようせいした | yōsei shita | |
Conjunctive | 夭逝して | ようせいして | yōsei shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 夭逝すれば | ようせいすれば | yōsei sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
夭 | 逝 |
Noun
[edit]Categories:
- Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 夭
- Chinese terms spelled with 逝
- Chinese literary terms
- zh:Death
- Japanese terms spelled with 夭 read as よう
- Japanese terms spelled with 逝 read as せい
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Chinese
- Japanese terms borrowed from Chinese
- Japanese learned borrowings from Chinese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese intransitive verbs
- Japanese suru verbs
- ja:Death
- Korean lemmas
- Korean nouns
- Korean nouns in Han script
- Korean hanja forms