大義滅親

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Chinese

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principles of justice; Dayi extinguish
dear; intimate; parent
dear; intimate; parent; relation; closely related; parents-in-law of one's offspring
 
trad. (大義滅親) 大義
simp. (大义灭亲) 大义

Etymology

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From Zuo Zhuan. Zhou Yu (州吁) had murdered his brother, Duke Huan of Wey (衛桓公), and taken his place. But he could not gain the favor of the people of Wey. Shi Que (石碏), an officer loyal to the state, devised a scheme and had the usurper killed. Shi Que's son Shi Hou was a close associate of Zhou Yu, so Shi Que had his son killed as well. The people praised his act (《左傳·隱公四年》):

君子:「石碏,州籲。『大義滅親』,!」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
君子:「石碏,州吁。『大义灭亲』,!」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
Jūnzǐ yuē: “Shí Què, chún chén yě, wù Zhōu Yù ér Hòu yǔ yān. ‘dàyì miè qīn’, qí shì zhī wèi hū!” [Pinyin]
A superior man may say, "Shi Que was a minister without blemish. He hated Zhou Yu, with whom his own son Hou was art and part; — and did he not so afford an illustration of the saying that great righteousness is supreme over the affections?"

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/1 1/1 1/2
Initial () (7) (7) (31) (4) (14)
Final () (25) (94) (13) (81) (43)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Departing (H) Departing (H) Checked (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open Open Open
Division () I I III III III
Fanqie
Baxter dajH daH ngjeH mjiet tshin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/dɑiH/ /dɑH/ /ŋˠiᴇH/ /miᴇt̚/ /t͡sʰiɪn/
Pan
Wuyun
/dɑiH/ /dɑH/ /ŋᵚiɛH/ /miɛt̚/ /t͡sʰin/
Shao
Rongfen
/dɑiH/ /dɑH/ /ŋiɛH/ /mjæt̚/ /t͡sʰjen/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/dajH/ /daH/ /ŋjiə̆H/ /miat̚/ /t͡sʰin/
Li
Rong
/dɑiH/ /dɑH/ /ŋjeH/ /miɛt̚/ /t͡sʰiĕn/
Wang
Li
/dɑiH/ /dɑH/ /ŋǐeH/ /mĭɛt̚/ /t͡sʰĭĕn/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/dʱɑiH/ /dʱɑH/ /ŋie̯H/ /mi̯ɛt̚/ /t͡sʰi̯ĕn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dài duò miè qīn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
daai6 do6 ji6 mit6 can1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/1 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
miè qīn
Middle
Chinese
‹ daH › ‹ dajH › ‹ ngjeH › ‹ mjiet › ‹ tshin ›
Old
Chinese
/*lˁat-s/ (MC F!) /*lˁa[t]-s/ /*ŋ(r)aj-s/ /*[m]et/ /*[tsʰ]i[n]/
English big big duty; justice destroy close; parents

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/1 1/1 1/2
No. 1934 1939 13045 13942 13804
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1 1 2 2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*daːds/ /*daːds/ /*ŋrals/ /*med/ /*sʰin/
Notes

Idiom

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大義滅親

  1. to place righteousness before family​; to be ready to punish one's own family if justice demands it