呻吟

Chinese

		groan	moan; to hum
trad. (呻吟)		呻	吟
simp. ^#(呻吟)		呻	吟

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥i[n] m-qʰ(r)[ə]m/

(Zhengzhang): /*hlin ŋɡrɯm/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	呻	吟
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shēn	yín
Middle Chinese	‹ syin ›	‹ ngim ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥i[n]/	/*m-qʰ(r)[ə]m/
English	chant, drone	chant, intone
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

呻吟

to moan; to groan
發出痛苦的呻吟／发出痛苦的呻吟 ― fāchū tòngkǔ de shēnyín ― to moan in pain
(literary) to read aloud; to chant

Sino-Xenic (呻吟):

呻(しん)吟(ぎん) • (shingin) ^{←しんぎん (singin)^?}

呻(しん)吟(ぎん)する • (shingin suru) ^{←しんぎん (singin)^?}suru (stem 呻(しん)吟(ぎん)し (shingin shi), past 呻(しん)吟(ぎん)した (shingin shita))

Conjugation of "呻吟する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	呻吟し	しんぎんし	shingin shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	呻吟し	しんぎんし	shingin shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	呻吟する	しんぎんする	shingin suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	呻吟する	しんぎんする	shingin suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	呻吟すれ	しんぎんすれ	shingin sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	呻吟せよ¹ 呻吟しろ²	しんぎんせよ¹ しんぎんしろ²	shingin seyo¹ shingin shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	呻吟される	しんぎんされる	shingin sareru
Causative	呻吟させる呻吟さす	しんぎんさせるしんぎんさす	shingin saseru shingin sasu
Potential	呻吟できる	しんぎんできる	shingin dekiru
Volitional	呻吟しよう	しんぎんしよう	shingin shiyō
Negative	呻吟しない	しんぎんしない	shingin shinai
Negative continuative	呻吟せず	しんぎんせず	shingin sezu
Formal	呻吟します	しんぎんします	shingin shimasu
Perfective	呻吟した	しんぎんした	shingin shita
Conjunctive	呻吟して	しんぎんして	shingin shite
Hypothetical conditional	呻吟すれば	しんぎんすれば	shingin sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Hanja in this term
呻	吟

呻吟 • (sineum) (hangeul 신음)