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See also:
U+53EF, 可
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53EF

[U+53EE]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+53F0]
Text style Emoji style
🉑︎ 🉑️
Text style is forced with ⟨︎⟩ and emoji style with ⟨️⟩.
🉑 U+1F251, 🉑
CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH ACCEPT
[unassigned: U+1F252–U+1F25F]
🉐
[U+1F250]
Enclosed Ideographic Supplement 🉠
[U+1F260]

Translingual

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Stroke order
5 strokes
Stroke order

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 30, +2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一弓口 (MNR), four-corner 10620, composition )

Derived characters

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 172, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3245
  • Dae Jaweon: page 383, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 567, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+53EF

Chinese

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simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *kʰaːlʔ) : semantic + phonetic (OC *kʰluːʔ) with a reference to exhaled air. Perhaps its original meaning was "to sing", then and (可 written twice).

Etymology 1

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-kal ~ *s-gal (back (lower); kidney; load; carry) (STEDT). Cognate with (OC *qʰaːls, *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ, “to carry”). See there for more.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • khó/khóⁿ - literary;
  • khóa - vernacular.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (29)
Final () (94)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter khaX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰɑX/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰɑX/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰɑX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰaX/
Li
Rong
/kʰɑX/
Wang
Li
/kʰɑX/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/kʰɑX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ho2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ khaX ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k]ʰˁa[j]ʔ/
English may; acceptable

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 7446
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰaːlʔ/

Definitions

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  1. can; may; be able to
      ―  róng  ―  soluble
      ―  xiǎo  ―  can be serious or minor
    袋子五十公斤 [MSC, trad.]
    袋子五十公斤 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè dàizi shèng wǔshí gōngjīn. [Pinyin]
    This bag can hold 50 kilos.
    沒有没有  ―  Tā méiyǒu jiā zhù.  ―  He had no place to live.
  2. to approve; to permit
      ―    ―  to permit, to allow
      ―  rèn  ―  to approve
  3. to fit; suit
      ―  xīn  ―  satisfying
      ―  kǒu  ―  tasty
  4. to be worth doing
      ―  'ài  ―  cute; adorable (literally, “worth loving”)
      ―    ―  epic; moving (literally, “worth praising and crying over”)
    四川地方 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
    Sìchuān wán de dìfang tài duō le. [Pinyin]
    There are too many places in Sichuan worth visiting.
  5. but; however
    Synonym: 可是 (kěshì)
  6. A particle.
    1. (archaic or dialectal or in greetings) Used to form a question.
      一向  ―  Nín yīxiàng hǎo?  ―  How have you been lately?
      知罪  ―  zhī zuì?  ―  Do you comprehend of you committing the crime?
    2. (archaic or dialectal) Used to form a rhetorical question.
    3. Used in declarative sentences for emphasis.
      喜歡運動 [MSC, trad.]
      喜欢运动 [MSC, simp.]
      Wǒ xǐhuan de yùndòng duō le. [Pinyin]
      There are many sports that I like.
      知道  ―  bù tài zhīdào.  ―  I don't really know.
    4. Used in exclamatory sentences for emphasis.
      不行不行  ―  Zhè bùxíng a!  ―  But this won't do!
    5. Used in imperative sentences for emphasis.
  7. (literary) about; around
  8. (literary) to recover completely (from an illness)
Usage notes
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When Mandarin speakers wish to imitate the sound of the dialectal pronunciation of in written form, the character (kuò) is often used to substitute for .

闊以阔以  ―  kuòyǐ  ―  imitates the sound of 可以 (kěyǐ) in dialectal Chinese
闊落阔落  ―  kuòluò  ―  imitates the sound of 可樂可乐 (kělè) in dialectal Chinese

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Definitions

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  1. Only used in 可汗 (kèhán).

Etymology 3

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“(Cantonese) Sentence-final particle used in an interrogative seeking confirmation”).
(This character is a variant form of ).

Japanese

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Kanji

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(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. allow, permit
  2. can; be able to

Readings

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  • Go-on: (ka, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: (ka, Jōyō)
  • On: こく (koku)
  • Kun: よい (yoi, 可い)べし (beshi, 可し)ばかり (bakari)

Compounds

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 5
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (MC khaX).

Noun

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() (ka

  1. C (academic letter grade); passable
  2. allowed
    (さい)(はい)()()()(ぞう)[1]
    saihaifu ga ka no gazō
    images whose redistribution is allowed
    ()()()
    mochikomi ka
    bringing in [something: notes to a test, etc.] allowed

Suffix

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() (-ka

  1. permitted, allowed, licensed
  2. -able; can be done

Korean

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Etymology 1

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Hanja

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(eumhun 옳을 (oreul ga))

  1. hanja form? of (possible; allowed)

Etymology 2

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Hanja

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(eumhun 오랑캐 (orangkae geuk))

  1. hanja form? of (barbarian)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: khả, khá, tài

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.