شكر

See also: ش ك ر, شکر, شڪر, سکر, سكر, and سكز

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ش ك ر (š k r)
6 terms

Compare Hebrew Hebrew שכר (sakhár).

Pronunciation

Audio: (file)

Verb

شَكَرَ • (šakara) I (non-past يَشْكُرُ (yaškuru), verbal noun شُكْر (šukr) or شُكْرَان (šukrān))

to thank, to be thankful, to be grateful
شَكَرَ لَهُ عَمَلَهُ ― šakara lahu ʕamalahu ― He thanked him for his work.
to praise, to laud, to extol
to acknowledge, to acknowledge goodness

Conjugation

Conjugation of شَكَرَ (I, sound, a ~ u, full passive, verbal nouns شُكْر, شُكْرَان)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					شُكْر, شُكْرَان šukr, šukrān
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					شَاكِر šākir
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَشْكُور maškūr
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	شَكَرْتُ šakartu	شَكَرْتَ šakarta	شَكَرَ šakara	شَكَرْتُمَا šakartumā	شَكَرَا šakarā	شَكَرْنَا šakarnā	شَكَرْتُمْ šakartum	شَكَرُوا šakarū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	شَكَرْتُ šakartu	شَكَرْتِ šakarti	شَكَرَتْ šakarat	شَكَرْتُمَا šakartumā	شَكَرَتَا šakaratā	شَكَرْنَا šakarnā	شَكَرْتُنَّ šakartunna	شَكَرْنَ šakarna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَشْكُرُ ʔaškuru	تَشْكُرُ taškuru	يَشْكُرُ yaškuru	تَشْكُرَانِ taškurāni	يَشْكُرَانِ yaškurāni	نَشْكُرُ naškuru	تَشْكُرُونَ taškurūna	يَشْكُرُونَ yaškurūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَشْكُرُ ʔaškuru	تَشْكُرِينَ taškurīna	تَشْكُرُ taškuru	تَشْكُرَانِ taškurāni	تَشْكُرَانِ taškurāni	نَشْكُرُ naškuru	تَشْكُرْنَ taškurna	يَشْكُرْنَ yaškurna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَشْكُرَ ʔaškura	تَشْكُرَ taškura	يَشْكُرَ yaškura	تَشْكُرَا taškurā	يَشْكُرَا yaškurā	نَشْكُرَ naškura	تَشْكُرُوا taškurū	يَشْكُرُوا yaškurū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَشْكُرَ ʔaškura	تَشْكُرِي taškurī	تَشْكُرَ taškura	تَشْكُرَا taškurā	تَشْكُرَا taškurā	نَشْكُرَ naškura	تَشْكُرْنَ taškurna	يَشْكُرْنَ yaškurna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَشْكُرْ ʔaškur	تَشْكُرْ taškur	يَشْكُرْ yaškur	تَشْكُرَا taškurā	يَشْكُرَا yaškurā	نَشْكُرْ naškur	تَشْكُرُوا taškurū	يَشْكُرُوا yaškurū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَشْكُرْ ʔaškur	تَشْكُرِي taškurī	تَشْكُرْ taškur	تَشْكُرَا taškurā	تَشْكُرَا taškurā	نَشْكُرْ naškur	تَشْكُرْنَ taškurna	يَشْكُرْنَ yaškurna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُشْكُرْ uškur		اُشْكُرَا uškurā			اُشْكُرُوا uškurū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اُشْكُرِي uškurī		اُشْكُرَا uškurā			اُشْكُرْنَ uškurna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	شُكِرْتُ šukirtu	شُكِرْتَ šukirta	شُكِرَ šukira	شُكِرْتُمَا šukirtumā	شُكِرَا šukirā	شُكِرْنَا šukirnā	شُكِرْتُمْ šukirtum	شُكِرُوا šukirū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	شُكِرْتُ šukirtu	شُكِرْتِ šukirti	شُكِرَتْ šukirat	شُكِرْتُمَا šukirtumā	شُكِرَتَا šukiratā	شُكِرْنَا šukirnā	شُكِرْتُنَّ šukirtunna	شُكِرْنَ šukirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُشْكَرُ ʔuškaru	تُشْكَرُ tuškaru	يُشْكَرُ yuškaru	تُشْكَرَانِ tuškarāni	يُشْكَرَانِ yuškarāni	نُشْكَرُ nuškaru	تُشْكَرُونَ tuškarūna	يُشْكَرُونَ yuškarūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُشْكَرُ ʔuškaru	تُشْكَرِينَ tuškarīna	تُشْكَرُ tuškaru	تُشْكَرَانِ tuškarāni	تُشْكَرَانِ tuškarāni	نُشْكَرُ nuškaru	تُشْكَرْنَ tuškarna	يُشْكَرْنَ yuškarna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُشْكَرَ ʔuškara	تُشْكَرَ tuškara	يُشْكَرَ yuškara	تُشْكَرَا tuškarā	يُشْكَرَا yuškarā	نُشْكَرَ nuškara	تُشْكَرُوا tuškarū	يُشْكَرُوا yuškarū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُشْكَرَ ʔuškara	تُشْكَرِي tuškarī	تُشْكَرَ tuškara	تُشْكَرَا tuškarā	تُشْكَرَا tuškarā	نُشْكَرَ nuškara	تُشْكَرْنَ tuškarna	يُشْكَرْنَ yuškarna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُشْكَرْ ʔuškar	تُشْكَرْ tuškar	يُشْكَرْ yuškar	تُشْكَرَا tuškarā	يُشْكَرَا yuškarā	نُشْكَرْ nuškar	تُشْكَرُوا tuškarū	يُشْكَرُوا yuškarū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُشْكَرْ ʔuškar	تُشْكَرِي tuškarī	تُشْكَرْ tuškar	تُشْكَرَا tuškarā	تُشْكَرَا tuškarā	نُشْكَرْ nuškar	تُشْكَرْنَ tuškarna	يُشْكَرْنَ yuškarna

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʃukr/

Noun

شُكْر • (šukr) m

verbal noun of شَكَرَ (šakara) (form I)
thankfulness, gratitude

Declension

Declension of noun شُكْر (šukr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شُكْر šukr	الشُّكْر aš-šukr	شُكْر šukr
Nominative	شُكْرٌ šukrun	الشُّكْرُ aš-šukru	شُكْرُ šukru
Accusative	شُكْرًا šukran	الشُّكْرَ aš-šukra	شُكْرَ šukra
Genitive	شُكْرٍ šukrin	الشُّكْرِ aš-šukri	شُكْرِ šukri

Antonyms

جُحُود (juḥūd)

Derived terms

شُكْراً (šukran, “thanks”, interjection)
شُكْرِيّ (šukriyy, “of thanks, thanking”, adjective)
شُكْرِيّ (šukriyy, a male given name, Shukri, meaning ‘thankful’)
شُكْرِيَّة (šukriyya, a female given name, Shukriyya, meaning ‘thankful’)

Descendants

→ Azerbaijani: şükr, şükür
→ Bashkir: шөкөр (şökör)
→ Bengali: শোকর (śōkor)
→ Chagatai: شکر
- Uyghur: شۈكۈر (shükür)
- Uzbek: shukr, shukur, Shukur
→ Hindustani:
- Hindi: शुक्र (śukr)
- Urdu: شُکْر (śukr)
→ Kazakh: шүкір (şükır)
→ Malay: syukur
- Indonesian: syukur
- → Ternate: suku
- → Tausug: sukul
→ Ottoman Turkish: شُكْر (şükr)
- Turkish: şükür
- → Ladino: shukur
- → Serbo-Croatian:
  - Cyrillic script: шућур
  - Latin script: šućur
→ Pashto: شکر (šukr)
→ Persian: شکر (šokr)
→ Punjabi:
- Gurmukhi script: ਸ਼ੁਕਰ (śukr)
- Shahmukhi script: شُکْر (śukr)
→ Sindhi: شُڪُرُ (śukuru)
→ Swahili: shukuru
→ Tatar: шөкер (şöker)
→ Turkmen: şükür

(Indo-Aryan interjections meaning ‘thank you’, all derived from شُكْر (šukr) + ـِيَّة (-iyya) (not borrowed from Arabic شُكْرِيَّة (šukriyya)):

⇒ Bengali: শুকরিয়া (śukriẏa)
⇒ Dhivehi: ޝުކުރިއްޔާ (šukuriyyā)
⇒ Hindustani:
- Hindi: शुक्रिया (śukriyā)
- Urdu: شُکْرِیَہ (śukriya)
⇒ Punjabi:
- Gurmukhi script: ਸ਼ੁਕਰੀਆ (śukrīā)
- Shahmukhi script: شُکْرِیَہ (śukriyah)

Gulf Arabic

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian & Ottoman Turkish شکر (šakar)

Pronunciation

^[1]^[2]

(Sharg sub-dialect, Kuwait) IPA^(key): /ʃɪkər/
(Finṭās sub-dialect, Kuwait) IPA^(key): /ʃəkər/
(Jibla sub-dialect, Kuwait) IPA^(key): /ʃəkɪr/

See usage notes.

Noun

شكر • (šikar, šakar, šakir) m

(uncountable) sugar

Usage

In Kuwait, some people use the Standard Arabic form (سُكَّر (sukkar)) instead as the pronunciation can be a shibboleth.

References

Iraqi Arabic

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish شکر (şeker)

Noun

شَكَر (šakar) m

sugar

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Persian (šakar), from Middle Persian 𐭱𐭪𐭥 (šakar), from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā, “ground or candied sugar, originally meaning grit, gravel”).

Noun

شكر • (şeker)

sugar, sucrose obtained by various plants, such as the sugar cane or the sugar beet
به شکر به شاب ― neither fish nor fowl (literally, “better sugar or alum”)
sugar-plum, comfit, a round or oval piece of candy made of boiled sugar

Derived terms

خام شكر (ham şeker, “raw sugar”)
سوت شكری (süt şekeri, “sugar of milk”)
شكر ایشی (şeker işi, “confectionery”)
شكر رنك (şeker renk, “sugar colored”)
شكر علتی (şeker ʼilleti, “diabetes mellitus”)
شكر قامشی (şeker kamışı, “sugar cane”)
شكر كسدرمك (şeker kesdirmek, “to clarify sugar”)
شكر گفتار (şeker güftar, “suaviloquent”)
شكرآب (şekerab, “resentment between two persons”)
شكربار (şekerbar, “sugary”)
شكرجی (şekerci, “confectioner”)
شكرریز (şekerriz, “sweet, sugary”)
شكرستان (şekeristan, “plantation of sugar cane”)
شكرلك (şekerlik, “quality of sugar”)
شكرلمك (şekerlemek, “to sugar, sweeten”)
شكرلنمك (şekerlenmek, “to be sugared, sweetened”)
شكرلو (şekerli, “containing sugar”)

Descendants

Turkish: şeker
→ Adyghe: шэкэр (šɛkɛr)
→ Albanian: sheqer
→ Armenian: շեքեր (šekʻer)
→ Bulgarian: шеке́р (šekér)
→ Central Kurdish: شەکر (şekir)
→ Crimean Tatar: şeker
→ Gagauz: şeker
→ Gulf Arabic: شكر (shákar)
→ Iraqi Arabic: شكر (shákar)
→ Ladino: sheker
→ Laz: შექერი (şekeri), შეჩერი (şeçeri) — Atina, Vizha, Artasheni
→ Macedonian: шеќер (šeḱer)
→ Northern Kurdish: şekir
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: шећер

Latin script: šećer
→ Zazaki: şeker

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic شُكْر (šukr, “thankfulness, gratitude”), verbal noun of شَكَرَ (šakara, “to be thankful or gratelful”).

Noun

شكر • (şükr, vulg. şükür)

thankfulness, gratitude, gratefulness, the state of being thankful
Synonym: شكران (şükran)

Descendants

Turkish: şükür
→ Albanian: shyqyr
→ Ladino: shukur
→ Macedonian: шуќур (šuḱur)
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: шућур

Latin script: šućur

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ش ك ر
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic شَكَرَ (šakara).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʃa.kar/, [ˈʃa.kar]
Audio (al-Lidd): (file)

Verb

شكر • (šakar) I (present بشكر (boškor))

to thank
أشكرك (formal, to a male) ― ʔaškorak ― I thank you

أشكرك (formal, to a female) ― ʔaškorek ― I thank you

Conjugation

Conjugation of شكر (šakar)
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	شكرت (šakart)	شكرت (šakart)	شكر (šakar)	شكرنا (šakarna)	شكرتو (šakartu)	شكرو (šakaru)
past	f	شكرت (šakart)	شكرتي (šakarti)	شكرت (šakrat)	شكرنا (šakarna)	شكرتو (šakartu)	شكرو (šakaru)
present	m	بشكر (baškor)	بتشكر (btoškor)	بشكر (boškor)	منشكر (mnoškor)	بتشكرو (btoškoru)	بشكرو (boškoru)
present	f	بشكر (baškor)	بتشكري (btoškori)	بتشكر (btoškor)	منشكر (mnoškor)	بتشكرو (btoškoru)	بشكرو (boškoru)
subjunctive	m	أشكر (ʔaškor)	تشكر (toškor)	يشكر (yoškor)	نشكر (noškor)	تشكرو (toškoru)	يشكرو (yoškoru)
subjunctive	f	أشكر (ʔaškor)	تشكري (toškori)	تشكر (toškor)	نشكر (noškor)	تشكرو (toškoru)	يشكرو (yoškoru)
imperative	m		اشكر (oškor)			اشكرو (oškoru)
imperative	f		اشكري (oškori)			اشكرو (oškoru)

شكر

Arabic

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Antonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Gulf Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Usage

References

Iraqi Arabic

Etymology

Noun

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Noun

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

Etymology 2

Noun

Descendants

Further reading

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

See also