بد

Root
ب د د (b d d)
4 terms

Sense 6 is a semantic loan from Classical Persian بُت (but).

بُدّ • (budd) m (plural بِدَدَة (bidada) or أَبْدَاد (ʔabdād))

1. escape, means of avoiding something

   لَا بُدَّ مِن كَذَا

   lā budda min kaḏā

   there is no avoiding such a thing, such a thing is inevitable

2. flight
3. separation
4. part, portion
5. equivalent, substitute
7. idol

• Lane, Edward William (1863) “بد”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[1], London: Williams & Norgate
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “بد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[2], London: W.H. Allen

بَد (bəd)

1. Arabic spelling of bəd (“evil”)

From Arabic بِوِدِّ (biwiddi).

بد • (badd, bidd)

1. want to

   بدي شوفك كل يوم، يا حبيبي

   Baddi šūfak kill yōm, ya ḥabībi.

   I want to see you every day, my dear.

2. should; need

   شو بدنا نئللو؟

   Šu badna nʾil-lu?

   What should we tell him?

• The past is formed by adding كان (kēn), which originally would be left unchanged, but is now equally commonly conjugated. Thus: كان بدي شوفك (kēn baddi šūfak) or كنت بدي شوفك (kint baddi šūfak), both “I wanted to see you.”

From Persian بد (bad).

بد • (bed)

1. bad

• IPA^(key): /bəd/

• Audio:

  (file)

بد • (bəd)

1. bad

بد • (bad)

1. badly

From Middle Persian [script needed] (SLYA) / [script needed] (wt' /⁠wad⁠/, “bad, evil”), from Proto-Iranian *watah, with further origin uncertain. Akin to Old Armenian վատ (vat), an Iranian borrowing. Unrelated to English bad, despite phonetic and semantic similarity.

Readings
Classical reading?	baḏ
Dari reading?	bad
Iranian reading?	bad
Tajik reading?	bad

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Dari	بد
Iranian Persian
Tajik	бад

بَد • (bad) (comparative بَدتَر (bad-tar), superlative بَدتَرین (bad-tarin))

1. bad; not good
2. evil

• خوب (xub)

بَد • (bad)

1. poorly, badly

• → Azerbaijani: bəd-
• → Bengali: বদ (bod)
• → Hindi: बद (bad)
• → Khalaj: bəd
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਬਦ (bad)

  Shahmukhi script: بد (bad)

• → Sylheti: ꠛꠣꠖ (bad)

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “wad”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 85
• Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 46

Inherited from Middle Persian 𐭯𐭥𐭭 (pʿn) / PWN (pad, “to, at, in, on”).

Readings
Classical reading?	baḏ
Dari reading?	bad
Iranian reading?	bed
Tajik reading?	bad

• (Mashhad) IPA^(key): /bez/

بد • (bed or bad) (archaic)

1. Alternative form of به (be, “to; in; for”)

Only used in compounds.

• بذ (bez, baz) (archaic or dialectal, Mashhad)

From Arabic بِوِدِّ (biwiddi).

• IPA^(key): /bidd/, [bɪd]

بدّ • (bidd-)

1. (false verb) to want

   Synonym: حبّ (ḥabb)

   بدّك قهوة؟

   biddak ʔahwe?

   Do you want some coffee?

   بدي أشوفك كل يوم يا حبيبي.

   biddi ʔašūfak kull yōm ya ḥabībi.

   I want to see you every day, my dear.

2. (false verb, by extension) to need

   Synonym: احتاج (iḥtāj)

   ابني مريض كتير وبدّه دوا ضروري.

   ibni marīḍ ktīr w biddo dawa ḍurūri.

   My son is very sick and needs medicine.

   (literally, “My son is very sick and wants medicine necessarily.”)

3. (auxiliary) will, going to

   Synonym: رح (raḥ)

   بدي أمرق لعنده بكرة.

   biddi ʔamroʔ la-ʕindo bukra.

   I'm going to go to his house tomorrow.

• Similar to terms like عند (ʕind, “to have”), the term بدّ (bidd) is "conjugated" with enclitic pronouns. Unlike عند (ʕind), however, بدّ (bidd) has no inherent meaning and can never be used entirely by itself.

Inflected forms of بد
Base form					بدّ (bidd)
Personal-pronoun- including forms		singular		plural
		m	f
1st person		بدّي (biddi)		بدنا (bidna)
2nd person		بدّك (biddak)	بدّك (biddek)	بدكم (bidkom)
3rd person		بدّه (biddo)	بدها (bidha)	بدهم (bidhom)

Borrowed from Classical Persian بد (bad). Unrelated to English bad.

بد • (bad) (comparative بدتر, superlative بدترین, Hindi spelling बद)

1. bad
2. evil
3. wicked
4. inauspicious

• برا (burā)

• نظرِ بد (nazr-e bad, “evil eye, bad eye”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit वृन्ध (vṛndha).

بد • (bad) m (Hindi spelling बद)

1. bubo