шар

From Old Church Slavonic шаръ (šarŭ), probably of Oghur origin, related to the adjective Proto-Turkic *siarïg (“bright, yellow”). Akin to the first element in the name of the Šaraghur tribe.

• IPA^(key): [ʃa̟r]

шар • (šar) m

1. (obsolete, dialectal) spot, shade, tinge
2. (archaic) hue

   Synonyms: боя (boja), багра (bagra)

3. (abstract) pattern, texture

In the standard language, the diminutive form шарка (šarka) is more often used.

• шарка (šarka, “stripe; smallpox”)
• шаря (šarja, “to variegate”)
  • шарен (šaren, “variegated”)

• “шар”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• шаръ in Исторически речник на българския език, Sofia University "St. Clement Ohridsky"

From Proto-Mongolic *sïra, compare Buryat шара (šara).

• IPA^(key): /ʃaˈrə/

шар • (şar) (Clear script spelling ᠱᠠᠷᠠ (šara))

1. yellow

Alternative scripts
Arabic	شار
Cyrillic	шар
Latin	şar
Yañalif	car

From Proto-Turkic *čar (“whetstone, sickle , to whet”).

Cognate with Bashkir сар (sar), Karakalpak shar, Nogai шар (şar), Kumyk чар (çar, “whetstone, spool”), Kyrgyz чар (car, “whetstone”), Southern Altai чар (čar, “whetstone”), Tatar чар (çar, “whetstone, mill stone”), Shor шар, Tuvan шар (şar, “whetstone”), Yakut сардаҕа (sardağa), Dolgan сардаана (sardaana, “short heavy arrow with a broad head”), etc.

шар • (şar)

1. whetstone

Borrowed from Russian шар (šar, “ball”).

шар • (şar)

1. (geometry) ball

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *šarъ. Doublet of шара (šara, “pattern, design”).

• IPA^(key): [ʃar]

шар • (šar) m (plural шари)

1. colorfulness
2. (rare) color

• (Ulaanbaatar) IPA^(key): /ʃar/, [ʃar]

1. From Proto-Mongolic *sïra, compare Buryat шара (šara), Dongxiang shira.
2. Akin to Proto-Turkic *siarïg (“yellow, white”), compare Turkish sarı (“yellow”), Chuvash шурӑ (šură, “white”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)
3. Doublet of шарга (šarga, “tawny”).

шар • (šar)

1. yellow
2. heartburn

• шар айраг (šar ajrag, “beer”)
• шар лууван (šar luuvan, “carrot”)
• шар үс (šar üs, “vellus hair”)
• шар будаа (šar budaa, “millet”)

Colors in Mongolian · өнгө (öngö) (layout · text)

цагаан (cagaan)	саарал (saaral)	хар (xar)
улаан (ulaan); хүрэн улаан (xüren ulaan)	улбар шар (ulbar šar); бор (bor), хүрэн (xüren)	шар (šar); хул (xul), цайвар шар (cajvar šar)
цайвар ногоон (cajvar nogoon)	ногоон (nogoon)
цэнхэр (cenxer); номин ногоон (nomin nogoon)	номин (nomin)	хөх (xöx)
нил (nil); индиго (indigo)	улаан ягаан (ulaan jagaan); час улаан (čas ulaan)	ягаан (jagaan)

шар • (šar)

1. ox

• үхэр (üxer)

• шаръ (šar) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Unclear. Perhaps related (although Vasmer found it unconvincing) to Old Church Slavonic шаръ (šarŭ, “color, paint”), Old Church Slavonic шарити (šariti, “to paint”), Old Church Slavonic шаръчи (šarŭči, “painter”), which probably derive from an early Turkic borrowing into Slavic; cf. Proto-Turkic *siarïg (“yellow, white”). In that case, the sense development might have been “color, paint” → “spot” → “round object”.

• IPA^(key): [ʂar]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ar

шар • (šar) m inan (genitive ша́ра, nominative plural шары́, genitive plural шаро́в, relational adjective шарово́й, diminutive ша́рик)

1. ball, solid sphere
2. (mathematics) ball (the set of points lying within a given distance from a given point)
3. balloon

• After the numbers 2, 3 and 4, and related higher numbers, the stress in the genitive singular falls on the final syllable: два́дцать два́ шара́ (dvádcatʹ dvá šará, “twenty-two balls/balloons”). In the mathematical sense, however, ша́ра is used even when counting: три ша́ра (tri šára, “three (mathematical) balls”).

• возду́шный ша́р (vozdúšnyj šár, “balloon”)
• земно́й шар (zemnój šar, “Earth (seen as a globe)”)
• сне́жный ша́р (snéžnyj šár, “snow globe”)

• ша́рик (šárik)
• шаровидный (šarovidnyj), шарообразный (šaroobraznyj), ша́риковый (šárikovyj)
• ша́рить (šáritʹ)

• → Ingrian: šaara
• → Kazakh: шар (şar)
• → Yakut: шар (shar)

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “шар”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Borrowed from Russian шар (šar).

• IPA^(key): /ʃâːr/

ша̑р m (Latin spelling šȃr)

1. Earth, globe (spherical model of Earth)
2. firmament, welkin
3. natural beauty

шар • (šar)

1. water

• шид (šid)

• Talibov, B. B. (1980) Сравнительная фонетика лезгинских языков‎^[1] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 172

• IPA^(key): [ʃar]

• Audio:

  (file)

Uncertain. Possibly borrowed from Russian шар (šar, “ball”) with a subsequent shift in meaning.^[1]

шар • (šar) m inan (genitive ша́ру, nominative plural ша́ри, genitive plural ша́рів)

1. layer

   снігови́й шар ― snihovýj šar ― layer of snow

2. stratum
3. annual ring of a tree

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

шар • (šar)

1. second-person singular imperative of ша́рити impf (šáryty)

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1980), “шар”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. (in Ukrainian), volumes 11 (Х – Ь), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 409
• “шар”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

• A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “шар”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “шар”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
• “шар”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
• “шар”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)

Borrowed from Russian шар (šar).

шар • (shar)

1. ball (sphere)

• сир шара (sir shara, “globe”)
• салгын шара (salgın shara, “balloon”)

• шарик (sharik, “balloon”)