σφάζω
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Of unknown origin, with no known cognates outside Greek. Furnée connects φάσγανον (phásganon, “sword”) as φασγ-/σφαγ-, suggesting a Pre-Greek origin.[1] The relation with Old Armenian սպանանեմ (spananem, “to slay”), if any, is unclear and would have to be via borrowing from a common source.[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /spʰáz.dɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈspʰa.zo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈsɸa.zo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈsfa.zo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈsfa.zo/
Verb
[edit]σφᾰ́ζω • (spházō)
- to slay, slaughter, cut the throat
- to slaughter victims for sacrifice
- (in general) to slay, kill, assassinate
Inflection
[edit] Present: σφᾰ́ζω, σφᾰ́ζομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἔσφᾰζον | ἔσφᾰζες | ἔσφᾰζε(ν) | ἐσφᾰ́ζετον | ἐσφᾰζέτην | ἐσφᾰ́ζομεν | ἐσφᾰ́ζετε | ἔσφᾰζον | ||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐσφᾰζόμην | ἐσφᾰ́ζου | ἐσφᾰ́ζετο | ἐσφᾰ́ζεσθον | ἐσφᾰζέσθην | ἐσφᾰζόμεθᾰ | ἐσφᾰ́ζεσθε | ἐσφᾰ́ζοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σφάζω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1426-7
- ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “սպանանեմ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
Further reading
[edit]- “σφάζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “σφάζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “σφάζω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- σφάζω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- σφάζω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963