áðr
Appearance
Old Norse
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Traditionally derived from Proto-Germanic *ēdrô (“quickly, promptly”), from *ēdraz (“quick, prompt”) and thus cognate with Old English ǣdre, Old Frisian ēdre, Old Saxon ādro, Old High German ātar, but this doesn't fit well semantically. A better derivation is from Proto-Norse *āriʀ, from Proto-Germanic *airiz (“earlier”) and thus cognate with Gothic 𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌶 (airiz, “earlier”) and English ere.[1]
Alternative forms
[edit]Adverb
[edit]áðr (not comparable)
- already
- before, heretofore, ere
- Vǫluspá, verse 46, lines 7-10, in 1860, T. Möbius, Edda Sæmundar hins fróða: mit einem Anhang zum Theil bisher ungedruckter Gedichte. Leipzig, page 7:
- […] skeggöld, skálmöld,
skildir 'ro klofnir,
vindöld, vargöld,
áðr veröld steypisk; […]- […] axe-age, sword-age,
shields are cloven
wind-age, wolf-age,
ere the world falls; […]
- […] axe-age, sword-age,
- Vǫluspá, verse 46, lines 7-10, in 1860, T. Möbius, Edda Sæmundar hins fróða: mit einem Anhang zum Theil bisher ungedruckter Gedichte. Leipzig, page 7:
- until
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Participle
[edit]áðr
- past participle of æja
Declension
[edit] Strong declension of áðr
Weak declension of áðr
References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- áðr in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.
- Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic[2], Oxford: Clarendon Press
Categories:
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Norse
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Norse
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse adverbs
- Old Norse terms with quotations
- Old Norse non-lemma forms
- Old Norse participles
- Old Norse past participles